Note the powerful and undeniable THREE-IN-ONE
architecture on their facades.
Here is an example:
Khudasia Mosque
Look at the THREE domes and the THREE doorways.
See how the dome and doorway in the center is
larger than the two flanking?
I call this THREE-IN-ONE architecture a
“Triptych.”
These mosques clearly depict the same
Triptych architecture that European Freemasons
designed into the facades of Europe’s Gothic
cathedrals.
Scholars have not yet recognized it, but mosque
Triptychs are the mystical creations of “Arabian
Freemasons”—just as cathedral Triptychs are the work
of medieval European Freemasons.
My new book, Written In Stone, reveals
how operative Freemasons purposely encoded Triptychs
into cathedral architecture to secretly symbolize a
powerful and ancient “Sacred Science of Three” they
inherited from Antiquity. (Visit
www.DeeperTruth.com).
So, with this in mind, the discovery of Triptychs
on mosques indicates something very interesting:
As European Freemasons encoded the
Triptych into cathedral architecture to
symbolize the ancient worldwide “Sacred Science of
Three”…so Arabic Freemasons encoded the Triptych
into mosque architecture to denote the
same.
After my previous post went live, I received a
few emails from readers who identified themselves as
Freemasons, questioning my conclusion that
Freemasonry made its way into Arabia.
It’s a great question with a simple answer.
In fact, a well-known mainstream author named
Albert Gallatin Mackey (1807 – 1881) wrote on this
subject.
Keep in mind that back in the 1800s when Mackey
was writing, the word “Mohammedan” meant “Muslims”:
“Nearly all of the old Mohammedan
buildings in India, such as tombs, mosques, etc.,
are marked with Masonic symbols, and many of these
structures, still perfect, were built in the time of
the Mogul Emperor Akbar, who died in 1605. Thus
Masonry must have been introduced into India from
Middle Asia by the Mohammedans hundreds of years
ago.”—Albert Mackey
Mackey clearly believed that Masonry was “introduced
into India” by Muslims “hundreds of years
ago.”
Mackey also gives us an important clue as to the
possible source of Muslim Masonic architecture—the
Mogul Emperor Akbar.
Now, rather than making you read a long,
drawn-out explanation of history, I’d prefer to ask
you to conduct your own study into the so-called
“Mogul” Empire, also spelled “Mughal” (1526–1858).
Study its culture, analyze its art and
architecture, and see if you can identify the Moguls
as a Triptych-building people, as possessors of the
Sacred Science from Antiquity.
(To understand what I mean by “Sacred Science,”
visit
www.DeeperTruth.com).
As you study the Moguls, I think you’ll see them
as a family lineage of builders in stone—in a
word, “Freemasons”—who were initiates of
Triptych / Sacred Science wisdom.
That is to say, the Moguls appear to have been
authentic Freemasons who knew the truth behind the
ancient Triptych / Sacred Science.
And they knowingly replicated this Triptych /
Sacred Science wisdom in the architecture they
designed and constructed.
Let me leave you with one wonderful example, to
get you started.
The Mogul Emperor Akbar (who, as Mackey tells us
in the quote above, died in 1605) was a close
relative to a man named Shah Jahan.
Now, the name “Shah Jahan” means nothing to you,
right? That is, until you realize he was the builder
of the great Taj Mahal.
With its three giant domes arranged in an ominous
Triptych design, the Taj Mahal forms one of the most
mysterious and incredible Triptychs on earth:
Flanking the Taj Mahal are a pair of mosques,
both of which have three massive Triptych domes, as
well as a clear Triptych portal entryway:
This is clear evidence that the Triptych was
known to Arabic peoples, and was encoded into mosque
architecture.
Amazingly, the two mosques flanking the Taj Mahal
actually form a Triptych, along with it.
The two mosques are precise mirror images of each
other.
Finally, here’s a snippet of text from a book
called Freemasonry in the Eastern Hemisphere
by Ray V. Denslow.
Denslow was master of Trenton Lodge No. 131,
Missouri, and Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of
Missouri in 1931:
“Freemasonry in India is no new venture.
That there were societies of operative Masons there
long before the British occupation is evident by the
signs and symbols which are easily seen on many of
the ancient forts, temples and tombs.”— Ray V.
Denslow
Denslow also writes:
“A very interesting book on the subject
entitled Indian Masons’ Marks of the Mogul
Dynasty, has been written by Bro. Gorham.”
Now, I don’t want to get into a deep explanation
of this book or these marks.
My point for this post, and for my two previous
blog posts, is simply to suggest that an “Arabian”
form of Freemasonry surely existed, though scholars
don’t recognize it.
As evidence, we find Triptych architecture in
mosques all over Arabia, just as we find Triptych
architecture in cathedrals throughout Europe.
Why? Because there’s a deeper meaning behind the
Triptych; it symbolizes a lost ancient Sacred
Science perpetuated by the Freemasons.
Stay tuned for more evidence that reveals how the
Triptych (and the Sacred Science it symbolizes) is
the real-life Lost Symbol of the Freemasons.
Or visit
www.DeeperTruth.com for more.
Mozaart's magic flute
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h018rMnA0pM
Mozart’s Magic Flute
Love, Forgiveness,
Tolerance and the
Brotherhood of Man
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WHEN READING ABOUT one
of the most celebrated operas in the history
of the genre, it is interesting to note that
many of the reference sources available
dealing with that work can only begin to
fathom its complexities. The complexities
themselves are often the reason such a work
is so mystifying through the ages; and any
explanation of the said work is often
guarded by those who created the spectacle
initially.
In the case of Mozart’s opera, The Magic
Flute, the Masonic traditions observed
by the composer and its librettist (Emanuel
Schickaneder) have prompted some of the most
philosophical discussions in the annals of
opera.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, a fellow
free-mason, speaks to the masses outside the
circle of free-masonry regarding The
Magic Flute: "It is enough that the
crowd would find pleasure in seeing the
spectacle; at the same time, its high
significance will not escape the initiates."
Goethe’s statement is revealing, as it
points to an inner circle of beliefs and
philosophies that may be the very core of
The Magic Flute’s libretto and music.
Behind Goethe’s statement lies an even
deeper question to ponder: Who are the
"initiates" and what is the higher meaning
of The Magic Flute under the guise of
Free-Masonry?
In order to answer the above questions with
any sensibility, one must become more
personally involved with those we can
immediately identify as "initiated." The
answers to the questions above seem to lead
us invariably to Emanuel Schickaneder, whose
libretto for The Magic Flute has
multiple implications as well as now-known
beliefs involving free-masonry.
Schikaneder’s proposal of The Magic Flute
came at a time when Mozart was quite
prolific in several genres: dance music, the
piano concerto in Bb major (K.595, his last)
a string quartet, the Eb quintet, works for
mechanical clock as well as several songs to
name a few. Mozart’s relationship with
Schikaneder is traced to around 1780, and
the proposal to write an opera for
Schikaneder’s theater was both fiscally and
musically in Mozart’s best interest.
Early Sources
Schikaneder’s libretto has varied sources,
and the interpolation of the sources
themselves could certainly contribute to the
plot’s initial inaccessibility. Most
research regarding the incipient plot for
The Magic Flute can be traced to Jakob
August Liebeskind’s "Lulu oder Die
Zauberflote," which was published in
Christoph Martin Wieland’s collection of
fairy tales, Dschinnistan. (1786-1789)
Loosely translated, Wieland’s collection
contains "selected tales of fairies and
spirits, partly newly invented, partly newly
translated and revised." Dschinnistan
inspired other works as well, including
Muller’s "Kaspar der Fagottist" and Benedict
Schack’s "Der Stein der Weisen." Schikaneder
also had cognizance of Phillip Hafner’s play
"Megara,"
dating from 1763. Magara contributed to
some of the magical fairy tale elements so
closely intertwined within the seriousness
of The Magic Flute. Ritualistic
elements, including the ancient Egyptian
setting can be traced to Jean Terrasson’s
novel,
Sethos, dating from 1731.
The Enlightenment and Schikaneder’s
Free-Masonry
Masonic opera was not a
new idea in Mozart’s enlightened city of
Vienna. Several years before the appearance
of The Magic Flute, Lorenzo DaPonte
had assisted the librettist Mazzola with the
Masonic opera "Osiris," written by Johann
Gottlieb Naumann. Naumann’s opera has some
traceable similarities to Flute, if
not musically, then Masonically. Test scenes
for Osiris used Egypt as its setting, and
the struggle between good and evil was at
the forefront of the libretto itself.
Although it is accepted that Schikaneder
wrote the libretto for Mozart’s opera, there
has been some dispute about The Magic
Flute’s authorship. Schikaneder’s
wayward career and lack of any long-standing
membership in any Masonic lodge may have
fueled the suspect tales of
false-authorship. In 1849, rumors were rife
that Johann Georg Metzler (known as
Giesecke) may have been responsible for the
actual libretto. Julius Cornet, a tenor and
opera director, published "Die Oper in
Deutschland und das Theater der Neuzeit,"
(1849) which stated that Giesecke wrote the
libretto. The information was supplied to
Cornet by Giesecke himself, so it is largely
circumstantial and doesn't seem to warrant
any further support.
Schikaneder’s standing within Free-Masonry
was altogether haphazard to say the least.
Research done by Brother Dr. Bernhard Beuer
of Bayreuth traces Schikaneder’s life as a
Mason. Beuer’s work states that Schikaneder
entered "the craft" for worldly reasons, and
was certainly not above anything scandalous
or unethical, providing it was profitable.
Schikaneder’s letters petitioning admission
to the Masons shows his need for membership
in a vagrant way:
"Deeply revered gentlemen, Not curiosity
or selfishness but the most sincere
esteem of your exalted assembly
motivates by most humble prayer for
admission to your sanctuary from which,
in spite of the greatest secrecy,
radiates a glimmer of nobility, humanity
and wisdom. Enlighten me by your wise
teachings, make me in your image, and I
will remain with warmest thanks,
Your most honoring and humble servant,
Johann Emanuel Schikaneder"
Schikaneder’s letter is revealing, and shows
his need for acceptance to a formal
organization. The short letter also
highlights his ability to stress (or at
least react to) the dramatic element and
self-promotion; certainly two character
traits found in his Papageno.uffa
One of the more intriguing elements of
The Magic Flute is its roots in the
Singspiel tradition on the one hand, and the
opera’s ability to move itself outside of
that same tradition on the other. Indeed,
the opera has never left the active
repertoire, and perhaps the proper blend of
thematic, formal and musical elements could
serve as testimony to its long-standing
success.
"Singspiel" as a formal approach to
opera-theater has long been associated with
the German language. "Singspiel" as a word
however, has been loosely translated.
Singspiel is generally accepted as the
German equivalent to the French Opera
Comique. Ironically, Opera Comique has been
invariably linked to the French, yet both
Singspiel and Opera Comique take their cues
from the Italian roots of Opera Buffa.
Singspiel was one of the reactions against
opera seria and opera buffa, but for
different reasons: opera seria had all but
died by the end of the eighteenth century.
The opera seria audience was ever-smaller,
and the patricians seemed to be the only
ones interested in the stationary nature of
the stories. Opera buffa suffered a similar
fate, yet it was for quite the opposite
reason. Italian opera buffa became a
revolving door of deceived lovers and
cowardly dilettantes. The critics are
suspicious—they've seen the show before.
Singspiel was, in Flute’s case, to be
equated more with the opera-comique
tradition. Mozart’s reference of the
opera-comique tradition combined with the
lyric theater could be traced to
Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s "Le Devin du
village." The work dates from 1752 and sets
a prototype within the genre. Works such as
Philidor’s "Le Jardinier et son seigneur,"
(1761) Monsigny’s "Le Deserteur," (1762) and
Dalayrac’s "Nina" (1786) brought the genre
through a genesis that no longer existed
solely to amuse. Opera-comique now aimed to
make the audience ponder the more humane and
philosophical issues. Emotional content and
thought-provoking plots become part of the
new order, and the French opera-comique
lends a springboard from which Singspiel
will leap.
Mozart’s Magic Flute is without
question the strongest example of the
Singspiel tradition composed before or since
its premiere. Mozart was not new to the
Singspiel tradition, and his first attempt
within the genre was in 1768. Bastien et
Bastienne, composed when Mozart was 12, is
treated as a parody on Rousseau’s "Le Devin
du village." Other pre-Flute examples
of Mozart’s output in Singspiel include Der
Schauspieldirektor, finished in 1786, the
unfinished "Zaide" dating from 1780 and a
certain pre-cursor to Zauberflote: "Die
Entfuhrung aus dem Serail."(1782) In the
final vaudeville of Entfuhrung, a strong
philosophical reference to the future
Sarastro character is furnished: "Nothing is
more odious than vengeance. On the contrary,
to be humane, to have a good heart, and to
pardon without ersonal resentment-that alone
is characteristic of great souls."
The first performance of The Magic Flute
took place on September 30, 1791 at the
Theater auf de Wieden. Mozart was now a
member of the New Crown Freemason Lodge, and
was suspect to the Austrian emperor, a prime
mover and benefactor in Mozart’s
compositional life. Knowing that the Masons
are soon to be outlawed in Vienna, Mozart
realizes that The Magic Flute is his
last chance to ensure that his esoteric
knowledge gained through Freemasonry reaches
the rest of continental Europe. The Magic
Flute must become the metaphorical
journey into the Enlightenment questions and
ideals that remain unanswered, yet can be
through Freemasonry.
Aware of this obligation, Mozart certainly
intended for the opera to be seen by the
widest possible audience. The theater itself
was tax-exempt and was located in a downtown
collection of tenements built around six
courtyards outside Vienna. It is recognized
that Papageno’s first audience was somewhat
proletarian, but the opera was seen by a
large cross-section of society. The
importance of Mozart’s varied audience
cannot be overstated, as the cross-culture
in attendance speaks volumes about the
Enlightenment ideals that the opera itself
exemplifies. Equality, as well as the
ability of man to act compassionately are at
the nerve center of Sarastro’s character.
The nobility and wisdom associated with
Sarastro has prompted much speculation about
Mozart’s relationship to Ignaz von Born, who
was a master of Masonic symbolism and an
authority respected by all Viennese Masons.
The Queen of the Night, conversely, litters
the stage with the passion and coloratura
that clearly states her opposition to
Enlightenment ideals; Perhaps this is why
many scholars have equated the Queen of the
night with Empress Maria Theresia. Tamino’s
character as well has been equated with
Joseph II, a liberator and Enlightenment
advocate, who saw equality between the
classes as well as unification and
initiation between man and woman. This ideal
comes to fruition when Tamino and Pamina
complete their initiation together while the
priests sing the chorus to Isis and Osiris.
Mozart took a tremendous risk in his
symbolism here, as he had to have known the
consequences of what amounts to Masonic
blasphemy. His ability to disguise the
hierarchy of idealism in the opera certainly
necessitated Papageno’s character. Papageno,
with his simple strophic tunes and his
ability to build rapport with the "cheap
seats" makes his role universal within the
opera’s overall scope. In the case of this
opera, everyone in the audience can relate
to the plight of someone on the stage, which
is certainly a contributing factor in the
opera’s continued success. In a sense, the
opera plays to the Opera-comique traditions,
the Singspiel traditions, the Opera buffa
traditions,
Masonic ideals, as well as the
embodiment of Enlightenment Vienna
simultaneously.
Musical Masonry
Much of Mozart’s Masonic music is written in
the key of Eb. This key, with 3 flats is
indicative of Masonic symbolism. There are
other examples of the number three in the
opera as well. The opening chords of the
introduction sound three times, which also
happens during the Temple scenes. Also
represented in threes are the three temples
of Wisdom, Reason and Nature. Tamino tries
to open the three doors of the temple. There
are three ladies, the attendants to the
Queen of the Night, and three boys who serve
as guides to Tamino and Papageno.
Mozart’s letter to his wife dated 7 and 8
October, 1791 poses some interesting
questions regarding the duration of The
Magic Flute, about which almost nothing
is known. Mozart’s apartment is located in
the Rauhensteingasse, about 20 minutes from
the theater. The letter of October 7 shows
that he was writing his wife by 10:30 p.m.
If he walked home from the Theater and was
in his apartment by 10:30, one can begin to
speculate Mozart’s pacing of the opera. The
performance of the opera began at 7:00 pm,
which is marked on the playbill. Based on
the above, the spoken scenes were probably
delivered at breakneck speed by today’s
standards. No evidence in Mozart’s letters
or otherwise suggests that the dialogue was
shortened, as is the case today. Faster
tempi in the musical sections also seems
reasonable if we consider the above
circumstances. Furthermore, Mozart probably
did not leave the theater immediately at the
end of the performance, and we know that 2
numbers were encored that evening. Taking
all of these factors into account, it is
fair to speculate that modern performances
of The Magic Flute are much too slow.
The opera performance on October 7/8, 1791
must have ended by 10:00 including
intermission and the above factors. Sir
Neville Marriner’s recording takes 2 hours,
21 minutes and 43 seconds. To hear The
Magic Flute conducted by Mozart would
have answered so many questions!
Mozart’s last two works, The Magic Flute
and the Requiem, are ironic in
nature. One looks at death outside the realm
of Masonic ideals, while the opera treats
life with all the virtues of Masonic and
Enlightenment Vienna. Mozart’s last two
works show a deep understanding of self.
This is a noble place to be as a composer,
and if Mozart was correct in saying that
death is truly the goal of life, then his
last two works surely represent the
Mozartian musical ideals: Love, Forgiveness,
Tolerance and the Brotherhood of Man.
Reprinted, with permission, from
Mr. Gino
L. Guarnere’s paper found at
geocities.com/Vienna/Strasse/1025/static/research.html.
A Synopsis of The
Magic Flute
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An opera in two acts by Wolfgang
Amadeuozart
First performed at the Theater aud Der
Wieden, VieTamino
endeavors to escape from a huge snake. He
falls unconscious. Heeding his cries, the
black garbed Ladies-in-Waiting of the Queen
of the Night appear and kill the snake. The
ladies sing of their joy in foiling the
snake and of the good looks of the man they
have rescued. They hesitantly leave him. He
awakes to see a man covered in feathers
dancing towards him. It is Papageno, the
Queen’s bird catcher. Papageno tells the
stunned Tamino that he is in the realm of
the Queen of the Night. Upon seeing the dead
snake, he boasts of his defeat of the snake.
Upon utterance of the lie, the three ladies
reappear and punish him by putting a padlock
on his mouth. They show Tamino a miniature
of a maiden, Pamina the Queen of the Night’s
daughter, whose beauty fills Tamino’s heart
with love. They tell him she is a prisoner
of Sarastro. No sooner does Tamino vow to
free the beauty than the Queen herself
materializes from the clouds. She reinforces
his determination with her depiction of her
desolation now that she has lost her
daughter. She promises Pamina to Tamino when
he sets her free. The ladies reappear and
remove the padlock from Papageno’s mouth and
give him a set of chimes. To Tamino they
give a golden flute. These instruments will
enable them to escape the perils of their
journey. They will also be accompanied by
three Genii. The scene changes, a
richly furnished apartment in Sarastro’s
palace is disclosed. A brutal Moor,
Monostatos is pursing Pamina with unwelcome
advances. The bird catcher appears,
Monostatos takes flight. Papageno recognizes
Pamina. He advises her not to fear. She will
soon be rescued by someone who has fallen in
love with her. He laments that nothing like
this ever happens to him. Pamina assures him
that he will one day be loved.
The finale takes place in a grove. On three
sides stand Temples which are dedicated to
Wisdom, Reason, and Nature. This is where
the three Genii have led Tamino. They leave
him there with the advice to be patient,
silent and preserving. Tamino decides to
enter the Temples. He is refused admittance
to the first two. At the third temple a
priest tells him that Sarastro is not a
tyrant as he has been told but a noble
character of wisdom. The solemn atmosphere
awakens Tamino’s desire for knowledge. He
plays his flute. Wild animals come out from
their lairs and lie at his feet. Before he
can finish his aria, he hears the sound of
Papageno’s pan pipe and rushes off to find
him. Papageno comes on from the other side
of the stage leading Pamina who he intends
to unite with Tamino. They are overtaken by
Monostatos, who send for chains to complete
the capture.
Papageno remembers a last remedy. By playing
on his magic chimes, he sets the Moor and
his slaves dancing. Pamina and Papageno
rejoice at their escape. Trumpets and the
sound of a chorus are heard. They sing
praise to Sarastro. Papageno wonders what
they are saying, 'the truth, friend' replies
Pamina. Sarastro enters with a procession,
Pamina kneels at his feet. She explains that
she was trying to escape from the moor.
Sarastro comforts her and assures her that
he understands her predicament. Monostatos
drags Tamino in, denounces him to Sarastro.
Instead of reward, he is sentenced to
flogging. This is the first meeting of
Pamina and Tamino. They are in love.
Sarastro commands them to the Temple of
Ordeal where they must prove they are worthy
of higher happiness.
ACT II
In a grove outside the Temple, Sarastro
informs the Priests of his plans. The gods
have ordained that Pamina shall become
Tamino’s bride, but only if he is
worthy of admission to the Temple.
Sarastro takes Pamina, under his protection.
The couple must go through severe ordeals in
order to be worthy of entering the Temple of
Light, thus thwarting the sinister
schemes of theQueen of the Night. Sarastro
prays to Isis and Osiris that the two may be
worthy of their goal.
The Porch of the Temple. The ordeals of
Tamino and Papageno are about to begin. They
are warned that they may perish in their
search for the Truth. The Priests warn them
of what will happen if they fail in their
vow of silence. They are left alone in the
darkness. The three Ladies of the Queen of
the Night appear. The Ladies try to get them
to abandon their quest, but they remain
silent. The priests reappear and
congratulate them on having passed the first
test. The scene changes to a garden. Pamina
is discovered lying asleep. The Moor steals
towards her doing a suggestive dance. The
Queen of the Night appears and flings a
dagger to her daughter with the command to
take the dagger and kill Sarastro.
Monostatos threatens to reveal this plot
(that Pamina never agreed to) if she will
not give him her love. Sarastro enters just
in time to hurl the Moor from the
defenseless Pamina. The Moor departs with
the hope that he will have better luck with
the mother. Pamina pleads for mercy for her
mother. Sarastro assures her that vengeance
is not on his mind.
In a hall, Tamino and Papageno are again
urged to keep their vigilant silence.
Papageno chatters to himself, only to find
himself soon involved in a conversation with
an old crone who introduces herself to him
as the sweetheart he is yet to meet. There
is a clap of thunder, the old crone
disappears, the three Genii appear. They
bring with them the flute, the chimes and a
table spread with food and drink. Pamina
appears, unaware of the vow of silence, and
is overjoyed to see Tamino again. She is
distraught over his lack of response.
The scene changes to a vault.
The Priests sing a solemn chorus of praise
to Isis and Osiris. Sarastro confronts
Pamina with Tamino and tells them to take
their last farewell of each other. Papageno
is told he may have one wish granted. He is
left dissatisfied when he has drunk the wine
he asked for. The old crone comes back to
him and threatens him with dire consequences
if he does not swear to be true to her. When
he does swear, she reveals herself to be
young and attractively feathered. Poor
Papageno is warned off her by a Priest who
says he is not worthy of her yet.
The three Genii are discovered in a garden
singing of the symbolical joys of the
rising sun, whose rays drive away the
fears of the night. Not knowing she is being
observed Pamina contemplates suicide. She is
restrained and comforted by the Genii. Two
men in armor guard the door. Tamino is
brought in by the priests for the last stage
of his initiation, the test of fire
and water. Tamino proclaims his
resolution, but for the final ordeals, he is
accompanied by Pamina. He is not only
overjoyed at being joined with her again but
that he may speak with her freely. Pamina’s
sufferings have produced a maturity about
her. She acts as Tamino’s guide as they
undergo successively the ordeals of fire and
water. At the end, they are welcomed into
the Temple by Sarastro and the Priests.
Papageno’s great scene of mock suicide
occurs at this point, a comic trial that
parallels the serious trials of Tamino and
Pamina.
Before the Temple, Monostatos leads the
Queen and her Ladies who are making their
last bid at revenge on Sarastro. Their
appearance coincides with a flood of
light that drives away the forces of the
night. There is a final chorus extolling
the initiates.
Mirrored from
Arizona
Opera & Evermore Enterprises' outline
found at
www.evermore.com/azo/96season/mf_syn.php3.
1. The Freemasons, Jasper Ridley.
London : Robinson, 1999. ISBN:
1-84119-238-4. p. 121.
EMANUEL
Schickaneder
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emanuel_Schikaneder
Johann Wolfgang von
Goethe was a German writer, artist,
and politician. His
body of work includes epic and lyric
poetry written in a variety of metres
and
styles; ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von
Goethe's Faust is a tragic play in two
parts: Faust. Der
Tragödie erster Teil (translated as:
Faust: The First Part of the Tragedy)
and Faust
.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goethe's_Faust
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