2012 & Earth Activations
| Date: | 11-22-12 |
| Host: | George Noory |
Esoteric researcher Drunvalo Melchizedek discussed the great Earth activations fueling 2012, the magnetic pole shift that is currently affecting humans around the world, and new ways in which humans will begin to perceive and communicate in the world. A magnetic pole shift can precede a catastrophic physical pole shift, and there is some evidence there was one 26,000 years ago, and again 13,000 years ago, which would mean we are due for another one, he said. According to Melchizedek, when a physical pole shift occurred over a 14-day period during the time of Atlantis, the people went crazy and lost their memory, and we had to start all over again. In Chichen Itza in the Yucatan on 12/21/12, the calendar end date for a Mayan cycle, the Earth, the sun, and the center of our galaxy will align in an absolutely straight line, "and that hasn't happened for almost 26,000 years," he said. The Mayans will celebrate on December 22nd at the start of their new cycle, though there is a doomsday aspect to their prophecy, he continued. While they believe a massive cataclysmic event is coming, the Mayans have said that human consciousness will escape to a higher dimensional level on Earth, and experience a kind of ascension, he recounted. He cited the significance of the human heart in Mayan and ancient cultures. Current research such as at HeartMath also points toward the intelligence of the heart, he noted, adding that inside the heart, small areas are generating toroidal fields that extend 8-10 feet out beyond the body. Regarding crop circles, Russian researchers decoded complex mathematics shown in authentic formations, and found a warning that Earth would suffer eight catastrophes in a row, and we can only survive the first one, Melchizedek reported, noting that the ancient Mayans reached a similar conclusion. News segment guests: Stan Deyo, Dr. Roger Leir
geraldcelentechannel.blogspot.com/2012/11/earth-changes...
3 days ago ... Esoteric researcher Drunvalo
Melchizedek discussed the great Earth activations fueling
2012, the magnetic pole shift that is
currently affecting ...
www.alienshift.com/id164.html
Drunvalo on The Earth changes ..... story of
Real Aliens, picture of Aliens, Magnetic Pole Shift,
ET CO-Operation in Iran and IRAQ, crystals, Bermuda
triangle, ...
www.examiner.com/article/serpent-of-light-beyond-2012-i...
Nov 3, 2009 ... author: Drunvalo Melchizedek
(Serpent of Light - interview with Drunvalo ...
Again , a magnetic pole shift had happened right
before it. So if you ...
jhaines6.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/the-mayan-ouroboros-t...
Drunvalo was invited to do
ceremony with them, and because he ... The
magneticpole shift that is currently affecting humans
around the world ...
www.greatdreams.com/poleshift.htm
Drunvalo Melchizedek was interviewed on
coasttocoasstam.com late last evening and he told the
audience that ... THE MAGNETIC POLE SHIFT IS
UNDERWAY ...
www.amazon.com/The-Mayan-Ouroboros-Cosmic-Cycles/dp/157...
The Mayan Ouroboros: The Cosmic Cycles Come Full Circle [Drunvalo
... The magnetic pole shift that is currently
affecting humans around the world; ...
avisen.dk/blogs/julean/drunvalo-melchizedek-paa-coast-2...
3 dage siden ... Esoteric
researcher Drunvalo Melchizedek discussed
the great Earth activations fueling
2012, the magnetic pole shift that is
currently affecting earth ...
www.onespirit.com/new-age-&-divination-books/2012-&-bey...
Title: The Mayan Ouroboros, Softcover, Author: Drunvalo
Melchizdek, Publisher: ... He reveals the untold
positive side of the prophecies, the magnetic pole shift
...
www.facebook.com/events/121375014688418/
Join
us on Thanksgiving
night as Drunvalo Melchizedek will
discuss the great
Earth activations fueling
2012, the magnetic pole shift that is
currently affecting
...
www.earthchangesaffirmations.com/2012-resources.html
Lilou Mace
interviews
Drunvalo Melchizedek on ETs,
Historical Universal ... Gregg Braden discusses the
Magnetic Pole Shift and it's possible
influence and
...
www.newsbooze.com/coast-to-coast-am-2012-earth-activati...
3 days ago ... Esoteric researcher Drunvalo
Melchizedek discussed the great
Earth activations fueling
2012, the magnetic pole shift that is
currently affecting
...
www.examiner.com/article/serpent-of-light-beyond-2012-i...
Nov 3, 2009 ... author: Drunvalo
Melchizedek (Serpent of Light -
interview with Drunvalo ...
Again
, a magnetic pole shift had happened
right before it. ...
jhaines6.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/the-mayan-ouroboros-t...
6 days ago ... Drunvalo was
invited to do ceremony with them, and because he
... The magneticpole shift that
is currently affecting
humans around the world ...
www.greatdreams.com/poleshift.htm
Drunvalo Melchizedek was
interviewed on coasttocoasstam.com late last evening
and he told the audience that
... THE
MAGNETIC POLE SHIFT IS UNDERWAY
...
www.amazon.com/The-Mayan-Ouroboros-Cosmic-Cycles/dp/157...
The Mayan Ouroboros: The Cosmic Cycles Come Full Circle [Drunvalo
... The magnetic pole shift that is
currently affecting
humans around the world;
www.onespirit.com/new-age-&-divination-books/2012-&-bey...
Title: The Mayan Ouroboros, Softcover, Author: Drunvalo
Melchizdek, Publisher: ... He reveals the untold
positive side of the prophecies, the magnetic pole shift
...
avisen.dk/blogs/julean/drunvalo-melchizedek-paa-coast-2...
Esoteric researcher Drunvalo
Melchizedek discussed the great
Earth activations fueling
2012, the magnetic pole shift that is
currently affecting
...
www.alienshift.com/id232.html
... story of Real Aliens, picture of Aliens,
Magnetic Pole Shift, ET CO-Operation in ...
METATRON,
DRUNVALO MELCHIDEZEK, MESSAGE OF KRYON, ...
www.youtube.com/user/aphrodite891
Drunvalo
Melchizedek
w/
Lilou
Mace
1 of 6 aphrodite891
5,456 views
1 year ago
... He talks
about 2012
and the imminent magnetic pole shift
which will be the ...
www.facebook.com/OneLotus?filter=2
Esoteric researcher
Drunvalo
Melchizedek will discuss the great Earth
activations fueling 2012,
the magnetic pole shift that is currently
affecting humans around ...
www.pearltrees.com/t/science-health/pole-shift/id516499...
Earth's magnetic pole shift unleashing poisonous
space clouds linked to mysterious bird deaths.
Earth Changes and the Pole Shift. Earth Change
and Pole Shift ...
soundofheart.org/galacticfreepress/content/pole-shift-a...
Jan 23, 2012
... My sense of what
Drunvalo is saying is that this pole
shift is not the same as ... She claims that a
massive magnetic pole shift happened in Dec.
the7thfire.com/poleshift.html
Drunvalo
Melchizedek: What Will Happen During the
Shift ... Now "it" is here: an
unstoppable magnetic pole shift that has sped up
and is causing life-threatening ...
www.susanrennison.com/Joyfire_dimensional_shift_info2.p...
Aug 31,
2009 ... I was very uncomfortable about
Drunvalo talking about a magnetic pole
shift ( Video 7) being the precursor to a
physical pole shift.
thepoleshift.com/blog/
www.greatdreams.com/spinaxis.htm
Jun 9, 2005 ... There is a big difference between a magnetic pole
shift and a physical ... I don't want to call it a magnetic pole
shift, such as the one the sun just ...
www.greatdreams.com/poleshift.htm
THE MAGNETIC POLE SHIFT IS UNDERWAY. BILL DEAGLE
REPORTS - .... I'm not talking here about a
magnetic Pole Shift. The Magnetic North Pole shifts
on ...
www.greatdreams.com/tuning.htm
Scallion is the first to fully delineate the devastating
and variegated effects of such a radical magnetic
pole shift. It will change the weather, he says, all
sorts of ...
www.greatdreams.com/haarp_database.htm
SURFING THE APOCOLYPSE HAARP/GOV/T TRY TO STOP THE
MAGNETICPOLE SHIFT · AN
INTRODUCTION INTO PLATE TECTONICS - CONTINENTS
...
www.greatdreams.com/motion.htm
Mar 6, 2001 ... SURFING THE APOCOLYPSE
HAARP/GOV/T TRY TO STOP THE MAGNETICPOLE SHIFT ·
AN INTRODUCTION INTO PLATE TECTONICS ...
www.greatdreams.com/blog-2012-2/dee-blog-index3.html
May 29, 2012. THE CELESTIAL WEDDING MAGNETIC POLE
SHIFT A NEW NORTH POLE. page 230. MAY 30, 2012.
SUBMARINE TORPEDO NUKE? 666 ...
www.greatdreams.com/biomag.htm
Jul 22, 2000 ... MAGNETIC POLE SHIFT UNDERWAY.
BILL DEAGLE REPORTS - AUDIO • Dr Bill Deagle (24 September
2008) From Project Avalon ...
www.greatdreams.com/blog/dee-blog29.html
Aug 21, 2011 ... THE MAGNETIC POLE SHIFT IS
UNDERWAY. BILL DEAGLE REPORTS - AUDIO • Dr Bill Deagle (24
September 2008) From Project Avalon ...
www.greatdreams.com/blog-2012/dee-blog201.html
Apr 17, 2012 ... See our Magnetic Pole Shift
page for a complete explanation. Footnotes. 1. The
definitive place to go for this information is the U.S.
Naval ...
www.greatdreams.com/blog-2012-3/dee-blog320.html
Sep 30, 2012... room, with two doors, one to
the ... DEE FINNEY\s blog May
29, 2012 page
229
THE CELESTIAL
WEDDING
-
THE
MAGNETIC POLE
SHIFT.
|
Earth's magnetic pole shift unleashing poisonous space clouds linked to mysterious bird deaths
|
Thursday,
January 13, 2011NaturalNews) Following the unexplained deaths of several thousand birds over the last two weeks, events are now emerging that may offer a physics-based explanation for the mysterious deaths. It all begins on a runway in Tampa, where airport officials recently closed that runway in order to change the numeric designators painted there. Why are those numeric designators being changed? Because the Earth's magnetic poles are shifting and the numbers previously painted on the runway no longer match up with the magnetic measurements of sensitive airplane instruments http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-01-tampa-airport-runways-renumbered-...).
As Physorg.com explains:
The primary runway at the airport is designated 18R/36L, which means the runway is aligned along 180 degrees from north (that is, due south) when approached from the north and 360 degrees from north when approached from the south. Now the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has requested the designation be changed to 19R/1L to account for the movement of the magnetic north pole.
This brings us to our first physics fact of this article:
Physics Fact #1: The Earth's magnetic poles are shifting. (And not just a little bit, but enough to affect airport runways on the scale of human observation.)
The role of Earth's magnetic field
The Earth's magnetic field is extremely important for protecting the planet from so-called "solar wind" and other electromagnetic influences from space. The magnetosphere, which is driven by the Earth's magnetic field, serves as a kind of electromagnetic barrier to prevent dangerous rays from reaching the surface of the planet.from: http://www.naturalnews.com/030996_bird_deaths_pole_shift.html
A geomagnetic reversal is a change in the Earth's magnetic field such that the positions of magnetic north and magnetic south are interchanged. The Earth's field has alternated between periods of normal polarity, in which the direction of the field was the same as the present direction, and reverse polarity, in which the field was the opposite. These periods are called chrons. The time spans of chrons are randomly distributed with most being between 0.1 and 1 million years[citation needed] with an average of 450,000 years. Most reversals are estimated to take between 1,000 and 10,000 years. The latest one, the Brunhes–Matuyama reversal, occurred 780,000 years ago. Brief disruptions that do not result in reversal are called geomagnetic excursions.
History
In the early 20th century geologists first noticed that some volcanic rocks were magnetized opposite to the direction of the local Earth's field. The first estimate of the timing of magnetic reversals was made in the 1920s by Motonori Matuyama, who observed that rocks with reversed fields were all of early Pleistocene age or older. At the time, the Earth's polarity was poorly understood and the possibility of reversal aroused little interest.[1][2]
Three decades later, when Earth's magnetic field was better understood, theories were advanced suggesting that the Earth's field might have reversed in the remote past. Most paleomagnetic research in the late 1950s included an examination of the wandering of the poles and continental drift. Although it was discovered that some rocks would reverse their magnetic field while cooling, it became apparent that most magnetized volcanic rocks preserved traces of the Earth's magnetic field at the time the rocks had cooled. In the absence of reliable methods for obtaining absolute ages for rocks, it was thought that reversals occurred approximately every million years.[1][2]
The next major advance in understanding reversals came when techniques for radiometric dating were developed in the 1950s. Allan Cox and Richard Doell, at the United States Geological Survey, wanted to know whether reversals occurred at regular intervals, and invited the geochronologist Brent Dalrymple to join their group. They produced the first magnetic-polarity time scale in 1959. As they accumulated data, they continued to refine this scale in competition with Don Tarling and Ian McDougall at the Australian National University. A group led by Neil Opdyke at the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory showed that the same pattern of reversals was recorded in sediments from deep-sea cores.[2]
During the 1950s and 1960s information about variations in the Earth's magnetic field was gathered largely by means of research vessels. But the complex routes of ocean cruises rendered the association of navigational data with magnetometer readings difficult. Only when data was plotted on a map did it become apparent that remarkably regular and continuous magnetic stripes appeared on the ocean floors.[1][2]
In 1963 Frederick Vine and Drummond Matthews provided a simple explanation by combining the seafloor spreading theory of Harry Hess with the known time scale of reversals: if new sea floor is magnetized in the direction of the field, then it will change its polarity when the field reverses. Thus, sea floor spreading from a central ridge will produce magnetic stripes parallel to the ridge.[3] Canadian L. W. Morley independently proposed a similar explanation in January 1963, but his work was rejected by the scientific journals Nature and Journal of Geophysical Research, and remained unpublished until 1967, when it appeared in the literary magazine Saturday Review.[1] The Morley–Vine–Matthews hypothesis was the first key scientific test of the seafloor spreading theory of continental drift.[2]
Beginning in 1966, Lamont–Doherty Geological Observatory scientists found that the magnetic profiles across the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge were symmetrical and matched the pattern in the north Atlantic's Reykjanes ridges. The same magnetic anomalies were found over most of the world's oceans, which permitted estimates for when most of the oceanic crust had developed.[1][2]
Observing past fields
Past field reversals can be and have been recorded in the "frozen" ferromagnetic (or more accurately, ferrimagnetic) minerals of consolidated sedimentary deposits or cooled volcanic flows on land.
The past record of geomagnetic reversals was first noticed by observing the magnetic stripe "anomalies" on the ocean floor. Lawrence W. Morley, Frederick John Vine and Drummond Hoyle Matthews made the connection to seafloor spreading in the Morley-Vine-Matthews hypothesis[3][4] which soon led to the development of the theory of plate tectonics. The relatively constant rate at which the sea floor spreads results in substrate "stripes" from which past magnetic field polarity can be inferred from data gathered from towing a magnetometer along the sea floor.
Because no existing unsubducted sea floor (or sea floor thrust onto continental plates) is more than about 180 million years (Ma) old, other methods are necessary for detecting older reversals. Most sedimentary rocks incorporate tiny amounts of iron rich minerals, whose orientation is influenced by the ambient magnetic field at the time at which they formed. These rocks can preserve a record of the field if it is not later erased by chemical, physical or biological change.
Because the magnetic field is global, similar patterns of magnetic variations at different sites may be used to correlate age in different locations. In the past four decades much paleomagnetic data about seafloor ages (up to ~250 Ma) has been collected and is useful in estimating the age of geologic sections. Not an independent dating method, it depends on "absolute" age dating methods like radioisotopic systems to derive numeric ages. It has become especially useful to metamorphic and igneous geologists where index fossils are seldom available.
Geomagnetic polarity time scale
Through analysis of seafloor magnetic anomalies and dating of reversal sequences on land, paleomagnetists have been developing a Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS). The current time scale contains 184 polarity intervals in the last 83 million years.[5][6]
Changing frequency over time
The rate of reversals in the Earth's magnetic field has varied widely over time. 72 million years ago (Ma), the field reversed 5 times in a million years. In a 4-million-year period centered on 54 Ma, there were 10 reversals; at around 42 Ma, 17 reversals took place in the span of 3 million years. In a period of 3 million years centering on 24 Ma, 13 reversals occurred. No fewer than 51 reversals occurred in a 12-million-year period, centering on 15 million years ago. Two reversals occurred during a span of 50,000 years. These eras of frequent reversals have been counterbalanced by a few "superchrons" – long periods when no reversals took place.[7]
Superchrons
A superchron is a polarity interval lasting at least 10 million years. There are two well-established superchrons, the Cretaceous Normal and the Kiaman. A third candidate, the Moyero, is more controversial. The Jurassic Quiet Zone in ocean magnetic anomalies was once thought to represent a superchron, but is now attributed to other causes.
The Cretaceous Normal (also called the Cretaceous Superchron or C34) lasted for almost 40 million years, from about 120 to 83 million years ago, including stages of the Cretaceous period from the Aptian through the Santonian. The frequency of magnetic reversals steadily decreased prior to the period, reaching its low point (no reversals) during the period. Between the Cretaceous Normal and the present, the frequency has generally increased slowly.[8]
The Kiaman Reverse Superchron lasted from approximately the late Carboniferous to the late Permian, or for more than 50 million years, from around 312 to 262 million years ago.[8] The magnetic field had reversed polarity. The name "Kiaman" derives from the Australian village of Kiama, where some of the first geological evidence of the superchron was found in 1925.[9]
The Ordovician is suspected to host another superchron, called the Moyero Reverse Superchron, lasting more than 20 million years (485 to 463 million years ago) . But until now this possible superchron has only been found in the Moyero river section north of the polar circle in Siberia.[10] Moreover, the best data from elsewhere in the world do not show evidence for this superchron.[11]
Certain regions of ocean floor, older than 160 Ma, have low-amplitude magnetic anomalies that are hard to interpret. They are found off the east coast of North America, the northwest coast of Africa, and the western Pacific. They were once thought to represent a superchron called the Jurassic Quiet Zone, but magnetic anomalies are found on land during this period. The geomagnetic field is known to have low intensity between about 130 Ma and 170 Ma, and these sections of ocean floor are especially deep, so the signal is attenuated between the floor and the surface.[11]
Statistical properties of reversals
Several studies have analyzed the statistical properties of reversals in the hope of learning something about their underlying mechanism. The discriminating power of statistical tests is limited by the small number of polarity intervals. Nevertheless, some general features are well established. In particular, the pattern of reversals is random. There is no correlation between the lengths of polarity intervals.[12] There is no preference for either normal or reversed polarity, and no statistical difference between the distributions of these polarities. This lack of bias is also a robust prediction of dynamo theory.[8] Finally, as mentioned above, the rate of reversals changes over time.
The randomness of the reversals is inconsistent with periodicity, but several authors have claimed to find periodicity.[13] However, these results are probably artifacts of an analysis using sliding windows to determine reversal rates.[14]
Most statistical models of reversals have analyzed them in terms of a Poisson process or other kinds of renewal process. A Poisson process would have, on average, a constant reversal rate, so it is common to use a non-stationary Poisson process. However, compared to a Poisson process, there is a reduced probability of reversal for tens of thousands of years after a reversal. This could be due to an inhibition in the underlying mechanism, or it could just mean that some shorter polarity intervals have been missed.[8] A random reversal pattern with inhibition can be represented by a gamma process. In 2006, a team of physicists at the University of Calabria found that the reversals also conform to a Lévy distribution, which describes stochastic processes with long-ranging correlations between events in time.[15][16] The data are also consistent with a deterministic, but chaotic, process.[17]
Character of transitions
Duration
Most estimates for the duration of a polarity transition are between 1,000 and 10,000 years.[8] However, studies of lava flows on Steens Mountain, Oregon, indicate that the magnetic field could have shifted at a rate of up to 6 degrees per day about 15 million years ago.[18] This was initially met with skepticism from paleomagnetists. Even if changes occur that quickly in the core, the mantle, which is a semiconductor, is thought to act as a low-pass filter, removing variations with periods less than a few months. A variety of possible rock magnetic mechanisms were proposed that would lead to a false signal.[19] However, paleomagnetic studies of other sections from the same region (the Oregon Plateau flood basalts) give consistent results.[20][21] It appears that the reversed-to-normal polarity transition that marks the end of Chron C5Cr (16.7 million years ago) contains a series of reversals and excursions.[22] In addition, geologists Scott Bogue of Occidental College and Jonathan Glen of the US Geological Survey, sampling lava flows in Battle Mountain, Nevada, found evidence for a brief, several year long interval during a reversal when the field direction changed by over 50°. The reversal was dated to approximately 15 million years ago.[23][24]
Magnetic field
The magnetic field will not vanish completely, but many poles may form chaotically in different places during reversal, until it stabilizes again.[25][26]
Causes
The magnetic field of the Earth, and of other planets that have magnetic fields, are generated by dynamo action in which convection of molten iron in the planetary core generates electric currents which in turn give rise to magnetic fields.[8] Most scientists believe that reversals are an inherent aspect of this process. In simulations, it is observed that magnetic field lines can sometimes become tangled and disorganized through the chaotic motions of liquid metal in the Earth's core. For example, Gary Glatzmaier and collaborator Paul Roberts of UCLA have made a numerical model of the electromagnetic, fluid dynamical processes of Earth's interior. Their simulation reproduced key features of the magnetic field over more than 40,000 years of simulated time. Additionally, the computer-generated field reversed itself.[27][28] Global field reversals at irregular intervals have also been observed in the laboratory liquid metal experiment VKS2.[29]
In some simulations, this leads to an instability in which the magnetic field spontaneously flips over into the opposite orientation. This scenario is supported by observations of the solar magnetic field, which undergoes spontaneous reversals every 9–12 years. However, with the sun it is observed that the solar magnetic intensity greatly increases during a reversal, whereas reversals on Earth seem to occur during periods of low Earth field strength.[30]
External triggers
Some scientists, such as Richard A. Muller, believe that geomagnetic reversals are not spontaneous processes but rather are triggered by external events that directly disrupt the flow in the Earth's core. Proposals include impact events[31][32] or internal events such as the arrival of continental slabs carried down into the mantle by the action of plate tectonics at subduction zones or the initiation of new mantle plumes from the core-mantle boundary.[33] Supporters of this theory hold that any of these events could lead to a large scale disruption of the dynamo, effectively turning off the geomagnetic field. Because the magnetic field is stable in either the present North-South orientation or a reversed orientation, they propose that when the field recovers from such a disruption it spontaneously chooses one state or the other, such that half the recoveries become reversals. However, the proposed mechanism does not appear to work in a quantitative model, and the evidence from stratigraphy for a correlation between reversals and impact events is weak. Most strikingly, there is no evidence for a reversal connected with the impact event that caused the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.[34]
Effects on biosphere and human society
Not long after the first geomagnetic polarity time scales were produced, scientists began exploring the possibility that reversals could be linked to extinctions. Most such proposals rest on the assumption that the Earth's magnetic field would be much weaker during reversals. Possibly the first such hypothesis was that high energy particles trapped in the Van Allen radiation belt could be liberated and bombard the Earth.[35][36] Detailed calculations confirm that, if the Earth's dipole field disappeared entirely (leaving the quadrupole and higher components), most of the atmosphere would become accessible to high energy particles, but would act as a barrier to them, and cosmic ray collisions would produce secondary radiation of 10Be or 36Cl. There is evidence that this occurs both during secular variation[37][38] and during reversals.[39][40]
Another hypothesis by McCormac and Evans assumes that the Earth's field would disappear entirely during reversals.[41] They argue that the atmosphere of Mars may have been eroded away by the solar wind because it had no magnetic field to protect it. They predict that ions would be stripped away from Earth's atmosphere above 100 km. However, the evidence from paleointensity measurements is that the magnetic field does not disappear. Based on paleointensity data for the last 800,000 years,[42] the magnetopause is still estimated to be at about 3 Earth radii during the Brunhes-Matuyama reversal.[35] Even if the magnetic field disappeared, the solar wind may induce a sufficient magnetic field in the Earth's ionosphere to shield the surface from energetic particles.[43]
Hypotheses have also been advanced linking reversals to mass extinctions.[44] Many such arguments were based on an apparent periodicity in the rate of reversals; more careful analyses show that the reversal record is not periodic.[14] It may be, however, that the ends of superchrons have caused vigorous convection leading to widespread volcanism, and that the subsequent airborne ash caused extinctions.[45]
Tests of correlations between extinctions and reversals are difficult for a number of reasons. Larger animals are too scarce in the fossil record for good statistics, so paleontologists have analyzed microfossil extinctions. Even microfossil data can be unreliable if there are hiatuses in the fossil record. It can appear that the extinction occurs at the end of a polarity interval when the rest of that polarity interval was simply eroded away.[19] Statistical analysis shows no evidence for a correlation between reversals and extinctions.[46][35]
References
- ^ a b c d e Cox, Allan (1973). Plate tectonics and geomagnetic reversal. San Francisco, California: W. H. Freeman. pp. 138–145, 222–228. ISBN 0-7167-0258-4.
- ^ a b c d e f Glen, William (1982). The Road to Jaramillo: Critical Years of the Revolution in Earth Science. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-1119-4.
- ^ a b Vine, Frederick J.; Drummond H. Matthews (1963). "Magnetic Anomalies over Oceanic Ridges". Nature 199 (4897): 947–949. Bibcode 1963Natur.199..947V. doi:10.1038/199947a0.
- ^ Morley, Lawrence W.; A. Larochelle (1964). "Paleomagnetism as a means of dating geological events". Geochronology in Canada. Special (Royal Society of Canada) Publication 8: 39–50.
- ^ Cande, S. C.; Kent, D. V. (1995). "Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the late Cretaceous and Cenozoic". Journal of Geophysical Research 100: 6093–6095. Bibcode 1995JGR...100.6093C. doi:10.1029/94JB03098.
- ^ "Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale". Ocean Bottom Magnetometry Laboratory. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. http://deeptow.whoi.edu/gpts.html. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
- ^ Banerjee, Subir K. (2001-03-02). "When the Compass Stopped Reversing Its Poles". Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 291 (5509): 1714–1715. doi:10.1126/science.291.5509.1714.
- ^ a b c d e f Merrill, Ronald T.; McElhinny, Michael W.; McFadden, Phillip L. (1998). The magnetic field of the earth: paleomagnetism, the core, and the deep mantle. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-491246-5.
- ^ Courtillot, Vincent (1999). Evolutionary Catastrophes: the Science of Mass Extinctions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 110–11. ISBN 978-0-521-58392-3. Translated from the French by Joe McClinton.
- ^ Pavlov, V.; Gallet, Y.. "A third superchron during the Early Paleozoic". Episodes (International Union of Geological Sciences) 28 (2): 78–84.
- ^ a b McElhinny, Michael W.; McFadden, Phillip L. (2000). Paleomagnetism: Continents and Oceans. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-483355-1.
- ^ Phillips, J. D.; Cox, A. (1976). "Spectral analysis of geomagnetic reversal time scales". Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 45: 19–33. Bibcode 1976GeoJI..45...19P. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1976.tb00311.x.
- ^ e.g., Raup, D. M. (1985). "Magnetic reversals and mass extinctions". Nature 314: 341–343. Bibcode 1985Natur.314..341R. doi:10.1038/314341a0.
- ^ a b Lutz, T. M. (1985). "The magnetic reversal record is not periodic". Nature 317: 404–407. Bibcode 1985Natur.317..404L. doi:10.1038/317404a0.
- ^ Dumé, Belle (March 21, 2006). "Geomagnetic flip may not be random after all". physicsworld.com. http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2006/mar/21/geomagnetic-flip-may-not-be-random-after-all. Retrieved December 27, 2009.
- ^ Carbone, V.; Sorriso-Valvo, L.; Vecchio, A.; Lepreti, F.; Veltri, P.; Harabaglia, P.; Guerra, I.. "Clustering of Polarity Reversals of the Geomagnetic Field". Physical Review Letters 96 (12): 128501. arXiv:physics/0603086. Bibcode 2006PhRvL..96l8501C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.128501.
- ^ Gaffin, S. (1989). "Analysis of scaling in the geomagnetic polarity reversal record". Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 57: 284–289. Bibcode 1989PEPI...57..284G. doi:10.1016/0031-9201(89)90117-9.
- ^ Coe, R. S.; Prévot, M.; Camps, P. (20 April 1995). "New evidence for extraordinarily rapid change of the geomagnetic field during a reversal". Nature 374 (6524): 687. Bibcode 1995Natur.374..687C. doi:10.1038/374687a0. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v374/n6524/abs/374687a0.html.
- ^ a b Merrill, Ronald T. (2010). Our magnetic Earth : the science of geomagnetism. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-52050-1.
- ^ Prévot, M.; Mankinen, E.; Coe, R.; Grommé, C. (1985). "The Steens Mountain (Oregon) Geomagnetic Polarity Transition 2. Field Intensity Variations and Discussion of Reversal Models". J. Geophys. Res. 90 (B12): 10417–10448. Bibcode 1985JGR....9010417P. doi:10.1029/JB090iB12p10417.
- ^ Mankinen, Edward A.; Prévot, Michel; Grommé, C. Sherman; Coe, Robert S. (1 January 1985). "The Steens Mountain (Oregon) Geomagnetic Polarity Transition 1. Directional History, Duration of Episodes, and Rock Magnetism". Journal of Geophysical Research 90 (B12): 10393. Bibcode 1985JGR....9010393M. doi:10.1029/JB090iB12p10393.
- ^ Jarboe, Nicholas A.; Coe, Robert S.; Glen, Jonathan M.G. (2011). "Evidence from lava flows for complex polarity transitions: the new composite Steens Mountain reversal record". Geophysical Journal International 186 (2): 580–602. Bibcode 2011GeoJI.186..580J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05086.x.
- ^ Edwards, Lin (6 September 2010). "Evidence of Second Fast North-South Pole Flip Found". http://phys.org/news202971192.html.
- ^ Bogue, S.W. (10 November 2010). "Very rapid geomagnetic field change recorded by the partial remagnetization of a lava flow". Geophys. Res. Lett. 37: L21308. Bibcode 2010GeoRL..3721308B. doi:10.1029/2010GL044286.
- ^ "Earth's Inconstant Magnetic Field". http://www.webcitation.org/5nDzbvFyX. Retrieved 01-07-11.
- ^ a b Glatzmaier, Gary. "The Geodynamo". http://es.ucsc.edu/~glatz/geodynamo.html.
- ^ a b Glatzmaier, Gary A.; Roberts, Paul H.. "A three dimensional self-consistent computer simulation of a geomagnetic field reversal". Nature 377: pp. 203-209.
- ^ Glatzmaier, Gary; Roberts, Paul. "When North goes South". http://www.psc.edu/science/glatzmaier.html.
- ^ Berhanu, M.; Monchaux, R.; Fauve, S.; Mordant, N.; Petrelis, F.; Chiffaudel, A.; Daviaud, F.; Dubrulle, B. et al. "Magnetic field reversals in an experimental turbulent dynamo". EPSL 77: pp. 59001.
- ^ Coe, Robert S.; Hongré, Lionel; Glatzmaier, Gary A. (2000). "An Examination of Simulated Geomagnetic Reversals from a Palaeomagnetic Perspective". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Physical, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences 358: 1141–1170. doi:10.1098/rsta.2000.0578.
- ^ Muller, Richard A.; Morris, Donald E. (1986). "Geomagnetic reversals from impacts on the Earth". Geophysical Research Letters 13 (11): 1177–1180. Bibcode 1986GeoRL..13.1177M. doi:10.1029/GL013i011p01177.
- ^ Muller, Richard A. (2002). "Avalanches at the core-mantle boundary". Geophysical Research Letters 29 (19): 1935. Bibcode 2002GeoRL..29s..41M. doi:10.1029/2002GL015938.
- ^ McFadden, P. L.; Merrill, R. T. (1986). "Geodynamo energy source constraints from paleomagnetic data". Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 43: 22–33. Bibcode 1986PEPI...43...22M. doi:10.1016/0031-9201(86)90118-4.
- ^ Merrill, R. T.; McFadden, P. L. (20 April 1990). "Paleomagnetism and the Nature of the Geodynamo". Science 248 (4953): 345–350. Bibcode 1990Sci...248..345M. doi:10.1126/science.248.4953.345.
- ^ a b c Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz; Vogt, Joachim (29 May 2010). "Magnetic Polarity Transitions and Biospheric Effects". Space Science Reviews 155 (1-4): 387–410. Bibcode 2010SSRv..155..387G. doi:10.1007/s11214-010-9659-6.
- ^ Uffen, Robert J. (13 April 1963). "Influence of the Earth's Core on the Origin and Evolution of Life". Nature 198 (4876): 143–144. Bibcode 1963Natur.198..143U. doi:10.1038/198143b0.
- ^ McHargue, L.R; Donahue, D, Damon, P.E, Sonett, C.P, Biddulph, D, Burr, G (1 October 2000). "Geomagnetic modulation of the late Pleistocene cosmic-ray flux as determined by 10Be from Blake Outer Ridge marine sediments". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 172 (1-4): 555–561. Bibcode 2000NIMPB.172..555M. doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00092-6.
- ^ Baumgartner, S. (27 February 1998). "Geomagnetic Modulation of the 36Cl Flux in the GRIP Ice Core, Greenland". Science 279 (5355): 1330–1332. Bibcode 1998Sci...279.1330B. doi:10.1126/science.279.5355.1330.
- ^ Raisbeck, G. M.; Yiou, F., Bourles, D., Kent, D. V. (23 May 1985). "Evidence for an increase in cosmogenic 10Be during a geomagnetic reversal". Nature 315 (6017): 315–317. Bibcode 1985Natur.315..315R. doi:10.1038/315315a0.
- ^ Raisbeck, G. M.; Yiou, F., Cattani, O., Jouzel, J. (2 November 2006). "10Be evidence for the Matuyama–Brunhes geomagnetic reversal in the EPICA Dome C ice core". Nature 444 (7115): 82–84. Bibcode 2006Natur.444...82R. doi:10.1038/nature05266.
- ^ McCormac, Billy M.; Evans, John E. (20 September 1969). "Consequences of Very Small Planetary Magnetic Moments". Nature 223 (5212): 1255–1255. Bibcode 1969Natur.223.1255M. doi:10.1038/2231255a0.
- ^ Guyodo, Yohan; Valet, Jean-Pierre (20 May 1999). Nature 399 (6733): 249–252. Bibcode 1999Natur.399..249G. doi:10.1038/20420.
- ^ Birk, G. T.; Lesch, H.; Konz, C. (2004). "Solar wind induced magnetic field around the unmagnetized Earth". Astronomy & Astrophysics 420 (2): L15–L18. arXiv:astro-ph/0404580. Bibcode 2004A&A...420L..15B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20040154.
- ^ Raup, David M. (28 March 1985). "Magnetic reversals and mass extinctions". Nature 314 (6009): 341–343. Bibcode 1985Natur.314..341R. doi:10.1038/314341a0.
- ^ Courtillot, V.; Olson, P. (2007). "Mantle plumes link magnetic superchrons to phanerozoic mass depletion events". Earth and Planetary Science Letters 260: pp. 495-504. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.06.003.
- ^ Plotnick, Roy E. (1 January 1980). "Relationship between biological extinctions and geomagnetic reversals". Geology 8 (12): 578. Bibcode 1980Geo.....8..578P. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<578:RBBEAG>2.0.CO;2.
Further reading
- Behrendt, J.C., Finn, C., Morse, L., Blankenship, D.D. "One hundred negative magnetic anomalies over the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), in particular Mt. Resnik, a subaerially erupted volcanic peak, indicate eruption through at least one field reversal" University of Colorado, U.S. Geological Survey, University of Texas. (U.S. Geological Survey and The National Academies); USGS OF-2007-1047, Extended Abstract 030. 2007.
- Okada, M., Niitsuma, N., "Detailed paleomagnetic records during the Brunhes-Matuyama geomagnetic reversal, and a direct determination of depth lag for magnetization in marine sediments" Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Volume 56, Issue 1-2, p. 133-150. 1989.
External links
- How geomagnetic reversals are related to intensity
- "Look down, look up, look out!", The Economist, May 10 2007
- "Ships' logs give clues to Earth's magnetic decline", New Scientist, May 11 2006
- Simple explanation of geomagnetic reversal, physics.org, accessed Nov 2 2012
You can see a picture of that here: http://www.theozonehole.com/magnetic.htm
Physics Fact #2: The Earth's magnetic field has flipped hundreds of times in the past.
The Earth's magnetic field "flips" (or reverses polarity) every few thousand years. This is called a geomagnetic reversal (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_reversal). In between these flips, the magnetic field can become quite weak and chaotic, causing "turbulence" in the field, which can effectively cause weaker gaps in the magnetosphere.
These magnetic gaps or weaknesses can allow outside influences that normally would not penetrate the magnetosphere to reach deep into that magnetosphere, theoretically all the way down to where birds fly at very low altitude.
Last week, a report from the Russia's Ministry for Extraordinary Situations (MCHS) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Emergency_Situations) warned that the weakening Earth magnetosphere was allowing "poisonous space clouds" to enter deep into Earth's atmosphere where it is coming into contact with birds.
These "space clouds" are called Noctilucent clouds (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noctilucent_cloud), which exist at very high altitudes (roughly 50 miles) and accumulate space dust from micrometeors and other sources.
What's really interesting here is that these noctilucent clouds exhibit very high radar reflectivity (http://media.caltech.edu/press_releases/13188). This means these clouds create a very large radar signature on weather tracking systems.
Physics fact #3: Noctilucent clouds have very high radar reflectivity.
Weather radar tracks phenomenon during bird kill
Now here's where this story gets really interesting: On New Year's Even when birds began falling out of the sky in Arkansas, the National Weather Service in North Little Rock documented an unusual phenomenon on their radar monitors."There are some indications that we're picking up a non-precipitation target," said Science and Operations Officer Chris Buonanno at the NWS (http://www.todaysthv.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=137071&provide...). He went on to explain that the radar signature definitely was not indicative of a cloud or rainstorm. It was something altogether different.
At or around the same time this radar image appeared, birds began falling out of the sky.
Over the last several weeks, hundreds of thousands of birds and fish have been found dead across the globe. Here's a compilation of the deaths so far: http://www.naturalnews.com/030985_mysterious_deaths_birds.html
This same data is also reflected in an image compiled by Matt from www.GoAskMatt.com who gave us permission to post this image: http://www.naturalnews.com/gallery/articles/BirdFishDeaths.jpg
A theory of what might be happening
The working theory in all this, at least for the birds, is that deadly space clouds are reaching into the lower atmosphere and killing these birds in flight, after which the birds fall to the ground. The reports of the birds experiencing "blunt trauma" are likely from the birds hitting the ground.What, exactly, would be found in these deadly space clouds that might be killing the birds? One possibility is that these clouds might be moving along with gaps in the magnetosphere that would invite deadly radiation to "fry" the birds in flight, as one possibility (although this explanation seems unlikely, see below). I'm not aware whether tissues tests have been done on these birds to determine whether they died of intense radiation poisoning. It would also seem that if radiation reached so low into our atmosphere, it would have killed many plants and trees in the area, and there's no evidence of that occurring, at least not that I'm aware of.
Another possibility is that the deadly space clouds could have frozen the birds in flight with blasts of extremely cold air. But such an event also would have seemingly impacted the trees and plants at ground level, and there's no evidence of that occurring either.
The most likely explanation is that the birds were killed in-flight by changes in the composition of the air they were breathing. And as it turns out, Noctilucent clouds are largely made of a poisonous gas known as Hydrogen Cyanide. For all you chemists reading this, as the EUtimes.net website explains:
Hydrogen Cyanide is also formed in interstellar clouds through one of two major pathways: via a neutral-neutral reaction (CH2 + N -> HCN + H) and via dissociative recombination (HCNH+ + e- -> HCN + H). The dissociative recombination pathway is dominant by 30%; however, the HCNH+ must be in its linear form. Dissociative recombination with its structural isomer, H2NC+ produces hydrogen isocyanide (HNC), exclusively. (http://www.eutimes.net/2011/01/poisonous-space-clouds-slamming-into-e...)
Could humans be next?
The really concerning part about all this is the sudden realization that if these poisoning clouds of Hydrogen Cyanide could reach into our lower atmosphere, they could also theoretically reach ground level. That's where humans live, of course, and if such a poisonous cloud reached down into a major city such as New York, it would cause the mass instantaneous death of potentially millions of people.Nobody is prepared to survive a sudden cloud of Hydrogen Cyanide -- not even the preppers. I own stored food and some emergency gear, but even I probably wouldn't survive a sudden Hydrogen Cyanide gas attack from outer space. Notably, Hydrogen Cyanide has been used as both a rodent killer and as a chemical precursor in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals (gee, why doesn't that surprise me?) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_cyanide)
As Wikipedia explains, Hydrogen cyanide is extremely deadly:
A hydrogen cyanide concentration of 300 mg/m3 in air will kill a human within about 10 minutes. It is estimated that hydrogen cyanide at a concentration of 3500 ppm (about 3200 mg/m3) will kill a human in about 1 minute. The toxicity is caused by the cyanide ion, which halts cellular respiration by inhibiting an enzyme in mitochondria called cytochrome c oxidase.
Interestingly, a key chemical use of Hydrogen cyanide was developed by none other than IG Farben, the Nazi war era criminal pharmaceutical giant that was later broken up to become today's pharmaceutical giants, including Bayer.
Hydrogen cyanide is widely recognized as a chemical weapon and is even used on the tips of whaling harpoons to murder whales.
Physics fact #4: Hydrogen cyanide kills birds and humans very quickly.
Is this the result of a weapons test or attack?
That it is used as a chemical weapon might make some people wonder whether all this is fallout from some kind of weather control weapons experiment. It's not a crazy idea: Scientists in Abu Dhabi have experienced tremendous success bringing rain to that city through the use of weather control systems engineered in Europe (I'll be posting a full story on this shortly).In the United States, meanwhile, the HAARP experimental program projects high-energy beams directly into the ionosphere. See the video at: http://www.naturalnews.tv/v.asp?v=E3CADA3AE2B04FB92F27BB09C8AE19FB
Although we have no direct evidence of this, it is conceivable that HAARP technology could be altering the magnetosphere in ways that are contributing to the invasion of our lower atmosphere with these Noctilucent clouds compose of Hydrogen cyanide. This is just a wild guess at this point, however. We don't have any evidence that this is really happening.
But if it were, that would be a very clever weapon, indeed: Aim your weapons at the atmosphere above an enemy city, fire it up and wait for Hydrogen cyanide gas to kill off everybody in a minute or two. Then you turn off your beam weapon and play it all off as some sort of "freak natural disaster" or unexplained atmospheric mystery.
There is speculation, of course, that these bird deaths occurring in North America right now are really a test of precisely the weapon system I've described above. But this is just speculation, of course. We don't have any hard evidence that such a system is being used, nor even that it is possible.
The official HAARP website (http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/) describes itself as a "facility for the study of ionospheric physics and radio science." It then displays a diagram showing HAARP waves bouncing off the ionosphere, beaming through "irregularities" and finally reaching a satellite in high orbit. These satellites are typically placed in geosynchronous orbits at roughly 26,000 miles above the Earth -- far higher than the 50 miles or so at which the Noctilucent clouds are located.
The HAARP home page, by the way, also contains a "security message" with the following warning:
This is a U.S. Government Computer System. This computer system operates as a world wide web server to provide information to the public concerning unclassified programs only. ...Unauthorized attempts to upload or change information; to defeat or circumvent security features; or to utilize this system for other than its intended purposes are prohibited and may result in prosecution under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 or other applicable statutes and regulations.
When Governor Jesse Ventura tried to ask questions about HAARP, he was met with extreme resistance and stonewalling by government officials. Watch the video yourself to see what happened: http://www.naturalnews.tv/v.asp?v=E3CADA3AE2B04FB92F27BB09C8AE19FB
Does this mean HAARP is a weapon being used to cause poisonous space clouds to enter the lower atmosphere and kill the birds? Not at all. That would be a leap at this point until we know more. But we do know that HAARP isn't talking about what it does, and that it is more than just a "radio science experiment."
We also know that weird things are happening to our planet's magnetic poles and weather systems. We know that birds are literally falling out of the sky dead. These facts are not to be taken lightly. They might be caused by "natural" events, or conceivably they could be influenced by man-made events.
In either case, something that could very easily threaten life on our planet may be afoot, and there's no logical reason to conclude it will be limited to birds and fish.
I've seen reports of some doctors chiming in on all this and blowing it off as "normal" deaths of birds and fish. Conventional doctors, of course, are the world's most experienced experts at missing the big picture, and they seem to haphazardly discount the most important fact about all this: Sure, birds and fish die every day. But not en masse.
They don't usually fall out of the sky by the thousands, in other words. These are obviously not normal events where birds are dying of normal causes. That much is obvious to everyone... except the doctors, it seems.
In conclusion, I can't explain these mysterious deaths with any high degree of confidence at this point. But I do know that thousands of birds don't fall out of the sky for no reason. There is an underlying cause that seems extremely important for us to observe, document and understand. There are many possible explanations that merit attention: Some of them might be attributable to natural phenomena, but others may be far more insidious.
It is important for the future of life on Earth that we solve this mystery sooner rather than later. Because if we don't understand this, we may sooner or later become victims of it.
| BLOG INDEXES |
| 2011 |
| JAN, FEB, MAR, APR 2012 |
| MAY, JUNE, JULY, AUG 2012 |
| SEPT, OCT, NOV, DEC. 2012 |