|   4-29-12 -  rap on the wall.   In the middle of the night, I 
woke up and heard two loud raps on the wall near me.  I said in my mind,  
"I'm ready for a message."  Not hearing anythhing immediately, I said, "If 
you have a message, I'm ready to hear it."  and the male voice in my head 
said kiindly,  "I'll come back and see you later." I then fell into a dream in which I seemed to be managing an 
		apartment building I had just moved into.  I was in my closet at the beginnig, hanging up my clothes.  It 
		was a walk-in closet and I had a lot of clothes.  When I got done, 
		I noticed that my husband only had four pieces of clothing - all work 
		clothes.  I wondered where the rest of his clothing was - there was 
		plenty of room left in the closet.  I then went downstairs into a large room where lots of women had 
		gathered - mostly white-haired ladies, who I seemed to know but not by 
		name necessarily.  There were tables full of used clothing that had 
		been donated, and my job apparently was to sort them out and decide who 
		should get them.  Before I sat down, a white-haired woman came to me and asked me what 
		she should do, and it came to me to give her a really big job.  She 
		was a widow and didn't know what to do with herelf, so I told her,  
		"One minute you are a wife and mother, and in one second flat, you 
		become a widow and nobody knows what to do then - -  why don't you 
		write up a  Widow's Symposium?"    She liked that idea a lot and now had something to do to occupy her 
		time.  I ended up sitting on a sofa with several ladies and other women 
		brought clothes over and I'd tell them who should ge it. My husband showed up -  it was John McBain from One Life to Live 
		TV show - now only on the SOAP  channel.   In my mind, I 
		was thinking, He only works when I tell him to do something - he never 
		thinks of things to do on his own.  I and John and another older woman were by now buried in piles of 
		clothing I was sorting. One of the pieces that was handed to me was a blouse, made of new 
		silky fabrics, and I handed it to the woman and suggested that it might 
		be appropriate to make it into quilting squares or something because it 
		was made of so many little pieces of fabric sewed together.  She took one look at it and said 'No!"  and I know why -  
		'because it wasn't cotton".  It was too silky.  So I said to 
		her,  "Then you can decide what to do wtih it."   I just 
		couldn't imagine anything else to use it for -  I couldn't iamgine 
		wearing it myself.      | 
	
		| June 23: International Widows Day
			Posted on June 23, 2011 
			related tags:
			
			Balance Family
			It is official. 2011 marks the first year the United Nations 
			recognizes International Widows Day. It is a call to action to focus 
			the world on the unique plight of the world’s 245 million widows who 
			have lost their husbands. Religion, law and tradition in many 
			countries leaves a woman ostracized when her husband dies. In many 
			cases, she is stripped of everything because she, like his home or 
			other possessions, belonged to him. Imagine? The United Nations Women planned a one-day symposium to mark the 
			first June 23rd. the night before, the UK’s former “First Lady” and 
			a human rights attorney and activist Cherie Booth Blair told a New 
			York crowd, she hopes International Widows Day will be marked like 
			International Women’s Day in March, with worldwide attention.  A report release by the
			Loomba 
			Trust, the foundation which began in India and has spread its 
			work to other parts of the middle East and Africa, calculated there 
			are more than 100 million widows in poverty. If you add by extension 
			the children of the 245 milllion, their widowhood affects one-sixth 
			of the world population. According to Loomba’s statistics, widowed 
			women experience targeted murder, rape, prostitution, forced 
			marriage, property theft, eviction, social isolation, and physical 
			and psychological abuse.  As part of the symposium, the United Nations is hosting an art 
			show with work by Yoko Ono and others focusing on widows and their 
			unique needs.  For more on the report and the reasons for Widows Day SEE THE 
			NEXT5 ARTICLE   | 
	
		| It is official. 2011 marks the first year the United Nations 
		recognizes International Widows Day. It is a call to action to focus the 
		world on the unique plight of the world’s 245 million widows who have 
		lost their husbands. Religion, law and tradition in many countries 
		leaves a woman ostracized when her husband dies. In many cases, she is 
		stripped of everything because she, like his home or other possessions, 
		belonged to him. Imagine? The United Nations Women planned a one-day symposium to mark the 
		first June 23rd. the night before, the UK’s former “First Lady” and a 
		human rights attorney and activist Cherie Booth Blair told a New York 
		crowd, she hopes International Widows Day will be marked like 
		International Women’s Day in March, with worldwide attention.  A report release by the
		Loomba 
		Trust, the foundation which began in India and has spread its work 
		to other parts of the middle East and Africa, calculated there are more 
		than 100 million widows in poverty. If you add by extension the children 
		of the 245 milllion, their widowhood affects one-sixth of the world 
		population. According to Loomba’s statistics, widowed women experience 
		targeted murder, rape, prostitution, forced marriage, property theft, 
		eviction, social isolation, and physical and psychological abuse.  As part of the symposium, the United Nations is hosting an art show 
		with work by Yoko Ono and others focusing on widows and their unique 
		needs.  For more on the report and the reasons for Widows Day click
		here. | 
	
		| About the 
		Cherie Blair Foundation for WomenThe charity was set up in September 2008 in response to Cherie’s 
		experiences meeting women around the world and the realisation that, 
		with the right support, women can overcome the challenges they face and 
		play an important part in the economies and societies in which they work 
		and live. Supporting women in Africa, South 
		Asia & the Middle EastWe invest in women entrepreneurs so they can build and expand their 
		businesses - and in doing so benefit not only themselves but also their 
		families and communities. The Foundation focuses its efforts on Africa, 
		South Asia and the Middle East in countries where women have made 
		strides in education and have the potential to succeed in business but 
		lack the necessary support. Why focus on entrepreneurs?Women who are financially independent have greater control over their 
		own and their children’s lives. Economic security gives women a more 
		influential voice in tackling injustice and discrimination in their 
		communities and wider society.  Yet women entrepreneurs around the world still lack the business 
		skills, technology, networks and access to finance they need to be 
		successful in the long term. The Foundation provides support in these 
		four key areas so that women can grow their businesses and create 
		employment opportunities. Working in partnership with local organisations, the Foundation 
		develops programmes that build confidence, capability and capital in 
		women. Given that women tend to invest 90% of their income back into 
		their families, investing in women isn’t just good ethics, it’s sound 
		economics. 
		http://www.cherieblairfoundation.org/about-us  | 
	
		| 
			"We must recognize the important contribution of widows, and we must 
			ensure that they enjoy the rights and social protections they 
			deserve. Death is inevitable, but we can reduce the suffering that 
			widows endure by raising their status and helping them in their hour 
			of need. This will contribute to promoting the full and equal 
			participation of all women in society. And that will bring us closer 
			to ending poverty and promoting peace around the world." 
			Secretary-General Ban Ki-moonMessage  for International Widows’ Day 
			23 June 2011
			
			 The first International Widows’ Day will be observed on 23 June, 
			providing an opportunity to give special recognition to the plight 
			of widows and their children in order to restore their human rights 
			and alleviate poverty through empowerment. In December 2010, the General Assembly declared 23 June as 
			International Widows’ Day (A/RES/65/189). 
			The General Assembly decided, with effect from 2011, to observe 
			International Widows’ Day on 23 June each year, and called upon 
			Member States, the United Nations system and other international and 
			regional organizations, within their respective mandates, to give 
			special attention to the situation of widows and their children.  
			http://www.un.org/en/events/widowsday/  | 
	
		| LOOMBA TRUST 
 
 International Widows Day is the UN’s annual global day of action to 
		address the poverty and injustice faced by millions of widows and their 
		dependents in many countries. It takes place on 23 June. International 
		Widows Day was initiated by the Loomba Foundation in 2005 and officially 
		recognised by the United Nations General Assembly, on a motion by the 
		Government of Gabon, on 22 December 2010. The significance of 23 June is that this is the day, in 1954, that 
		the woman who inspired the founding of the Loomba Foundation, Shrimati 
		Pushpa Wati Loomba, became a widow. When the Loomba Foundation was founded in 1997, its focus initially 
		was on relieving the desperate plight of poor widows and their children 
		in India – and this  and this remains a very important objective. Founder Raj Loomba soon 
		came to realise however that this problem is by no means confined to 
		India alone. “I was shocked to discover that widowhood was a huge 
		problem not only in India, but across Africa,” he explained to 
		WidowsVoice.org. “They were losing husbands through HIV, through 
		genocide, through conflict, and they were becoming destitute. They were 
		not looked after by governments or NGOs and they were shunned by 
		society. It’s such a big problem, and yet nothing has been done. Nobody 
		in the world, including the United Nations, had ever addressed the 
		problem of widows.” In Africa, too, the problem is more deep-rooted than current 
		devastations like genocide and HIV. Attitudes are founded in traditions 
		and so-called ‘customary laws’. In 2005, Loomba Foundation president Cherie Blair launched 
		International Widows Day at the House of Lords in London and over the 
		next five years, the Foundation campaigned for international recognition 
		of this day as a focus for sustained, effective, global action to bring 
		about a radical and lasting transformation in the plight of widows. In 
		2006 the Loomba Foundation held an international conference on the topic 
		at the Foreign Office in London, addressed by widows from ten countries 
		as well as Cherie Blair, Hillary Clinton, Indian cabinet minister Renuka 
		Chowdhury, Yoko Ono and Commonwealth Secretary-General Don McKinnon. The 
		Foundation established offices in America and Canada and organised 
		meetings at the United Nations, gaining the attention and support of 
		leaders like Rwandan president Dr Paul Kagame and the former UN 
		secretary-general Kofi Annan. The big problem with the cause was its invisibility. Governments, 
		NGOs, international organisations – all neglected the issue because so 
		very little was known about it. The Loomba Foundation initiated and 
		supported an investigative programme with writers, researchers and 
		institutions including Chatham House and in 2010, Vijay Dutt’s Invisible 
		Forgotten Sufferers was published with research by Risto Harma: the 
		first comprehensive research study of the plight of widows around the 
		world. Backed with that hard information, support for UN recognition grew. 
		President Ali Bongo Ondimba of Gabon and his wife Madame Sylvia Bongo 
		Ondimba, threw their weight behind the campaign and on 22 December 2011, 
		the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution from Gabon 
		officially recognising 23 June as International Widows Day. 
		
		http://www.theloombafoundation.org/international-widows-day    | 
	
		| 
			International Widows Day is a
			
			United Nations ratified day of action to address the “poverty 
			and injustice faced by millions of widows and their dependents in 
			many countries”.[1] 
			The day takes place annually on 23 June. International Widows Day was established by
			
			The Loomba Foundation to raise awareness of the issue of 
			widowhood. The significance of 23 June is that it was on that day in 
			1954 that Shrimati Pushpa Wati Loomba - mother of the Foundation’s 
			founder,
			
			Lord Loomba – herself became a widow.[2] 
			One of the Foundation’s key goals is to highlight what it describes 
			as an invisible calamity. A recently published book – Invisible, 
			Forgotten Sufferers: The Plight of Widows Around the World – reveals 
			that there are an estimated 245 million widows worldwide, 115 
			million of whom live in poverty and suffer from social 
			stigmatization and economic deprivation purely because they have 
			lost their husbands.[3] 
			As part of the Loomba Foundation’s awareness campaign, this study 
			was presented to UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on 22 June 2010.[4] The first International Widows Day took place in 2005 and was 
			launched by Lord Loomba and the Foundation’s President,
			
			Cherie Blair.[5] 
			Since that time, the scale of the event has grown, with events 
			across the world timed to commemorate the day of awareness. By 2010 
			- International Widows Day sixth anniversary - events were held in
			Rwanda,
			
			Sri Lanka, the
			
			USA, the
			
			UK, 
			Nepal,
			Syria,
			Kenya,
			India,
			
			Bangladesh and
			
			South Africa.[6] [edit]
			United 
			Nations RecognitionOn the 21st December 2010, the United Nations General Assembly 
			formally adopted 23 June as International Widows Day, endorsing by 
			unanimous acclaim a proposal introduced by President
			
			Ali Bongo Ondimba of
			Gabon.[7] 
			As well as formally recognizing 23 June as a day of observance, the 
			accompanying resolution called upon “Member States, the United 
			Nations system and other international and regional organizations to 
			give special attention to the situation of widows and their 
			children.”[8] References | 
	
		| 
			
				The world must support its widows
				Let's use International Widows Day to start a dialogue on 
				solving the problems faced by the world's 245 million widows 
			
				
				
				
				
				 
				
					 
						115 million of the world's widows still live in extreme 
						poverty. Photograph: Ahmad Masood/Reuters 
					There are
					
					245 million widows in the world, yet their problems are 
					often ignored. Today, on the first
					
					International Widows Day, I hope to break the silence of 
					their suffering in order to support them to play an active 
					role in building their families and their communities. Widows all over the world are a particularly vulnerable 
					group subject to much prejudice. Allow me to challenge a few 
					stereotypes. When I talk about the world's 245 million 
					widows, I am not talking about elderly women. All across the 
					world, widows are often women in the prime of life, young 
					women who are left as sole carers for their children, alone 
					responsible for their shelter, food, schooling and 
					wellbeing. As the HIV/Aids epidemic and armed conflicts 
					continue to wreak havoc across the world, widows are getting 
					younger and facing tougher challenges. Many of these women 
					face harsh discrimination and social exclusion on account of 
					their marital status, which compounds the discrimination 
					they already face on account of their gender. Positive steps 
					have been taken in some parts of the world to address this 
					situation, but there is still a long way to go. 
					
					115 million widows still live in extreme poverty. In 
					many cases, their children have to leave school to go to 
					work to plug the gap in the household income left by their 
					father's death; their daughters, in particular, are 
					therefore often at a high risk of sexual exploitation. 
					Worldwide, more than
					
					500 million children of widows live in hostile 
					environments, and more than 1.5 million of these children 
					die before the age of five. Widows' poverty, depriving their 
					children of aspiration, education and future employment, 
					affects the whole of society. It is a humanitarian crisis. Today, on International Widows Day, we must ask ourselves 
					what is to be done to tackle this issue.. Supporting widows 
					catalyses a developmental multiplier effect: as women gain 
					knowledge, children learn. As women become employed, 
					economies grow. As women are given equality, nations become 
					stronger, and justice and equity across the board become 
					attainable. It impacts directly on poverty, their children's 
					education, gender equality, child mortality, maternal health 
					and on on the spread of HIV/Aids – six of the eight
					
					millennium development goals. Research by the
					
					Africa Partnership Forum has shown that had more women 
					been educated and employed, Africa's economies would have 
					doubled in size over the last 30 years. The simple truth is 
					that for every year of schooling a mother has received the 
					likelihood that her child dies as an infant declines by 10%. 
					To support women, then, is to support their children; and to 
					support vulnerable women is to support even more vulnerable 
					children. These statistics reveal the true value of enabling 
					families to support one another. I believe that families are 
					the glue that holds societies together; they create strong 
					foundations on which to build, and they are the structures 
					that help economic growth filter throughout the whole of 
					society. Supporting widows strengthens society's human 
					tissue, keeping families strong even when they are broken by 
					the death of a loved one. As we work to achieve the millennium development goals, 
					we need to initiate a new global dialogue on widows and 
					their children. Starting this dialogue is the purpose of the 
					conference on the first International Widows Day organised 
					today by 
					UN Women and the
					
					republic of Gabon. We seek to build new and innovative 
					partnerships and to share best practice in this field, to 
					fully acknowledge the lynchpin role our world's widows play 
					in addressing many of our shared social challenges. They 
					have a unique contribution to make in unleashing the 
					potential of our youth, empowering them to build a brighter 
					future for us all. 
					
					http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/jun/23/international-widows-day-support
					    videos  
					
					http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8H77exlZlvQ     
					http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2gWb2Q1vpjc     THERE ARE OVER 251 MILLION WIDOWS IN THE WORLD  - 
					MOST LIVING IN EXTREME POVERTY the spread of HIV/Aids – six of the eight
					
					millennium development goals. | 
	
		|  | 
	
		| Independent 
		Films, Women  
		   Yoko Ono was at 
		the United Nations (UN) commemorating the first-ever International 
		Widow’s Day today (23 June) with a panel discussion featuring UN 
		Secretary-General’s wife Ban Soon-taek, Executive Director of UN Women 
		Michele Bachelet, First Day of Gabon Sylvia Bongo Ondimba and President 
		of the Loomba Foundation Cherie Blair. 
 Addressing an audience of delegates and representatives from the civil 
		society, Bachelet, who organized the event, said that there was an 
		increasing number of widows in the world especially in “the context of 
		armed conflicts around the world as well as the HIV and AIDS epidemic.”
 
 The UN reports that there are approximately 245 million widows in the 
		world, more than 115 million live in extreme poverty, and that in 
		countries affected by conflict, women are frequently widowed young, 
		thrusting upon them the heavy burden of caring for children, often in 
		environments of unrest, displacement and lack of support.
 
 Taking about the plight of widows around the world, the First Lady of 
		Gabon Sylvia Bongo Ondimba said “expelled from their homes, stripped of 
		their goods, they must summon all their courage and energy to not only 
		over come the loss of their partners but also to continue to satisfy the 
		needs of their children.”
 
 To give special recognition to the situation of widows of all ages and 
		across regions and cultures, the General Assembly declared 23 June 2011 
		as the first-ever International Widows’ Day in December 2010.
 
 President of Loomba Foundation and former First Lady of the United 
		Kingdom, Cherie Blair said the commemoration “is, in one sense, a 
		celebration” because “the UN is acknowledging the plight of widows 
		across the world.”
 
 In a written message, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon urged societies 
		to ease the hardship that widows endure when their husbands die by 
		respecting their rights to such social entitlements as access to 
		inheritance, land tenure, employment and other means of livelihood.
 
 He added that all widows should be protected by the rights enshrined in 
		the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against 
		Women and other international human rights treaties.
 
 His wife, Ban Soon-taek, addressed the panel and asked all stakeholders 
		to “stay engaged in the year ahead to help the world’s widows and their 
		children.”
 
 She added “let us keep pushing forward and meet next year to review 
		progress and continue our efforts to give women who suffered their 
		husbands’ deaths a great life of their own, the life they deserve.”
 
 According to the UN, empowering widows through access to adequate 
		healthcare, education, decent work, full participation in 
		decision-making and public life, and lives free of violence and abuse, 
		would give them a chance to build a secure life after bereavement.
 
 Yesterday evening Yoko Ono, the renowned artist and the widow of John 
		Lennon, opened an art exhibit featuring the work of London-based artist 
		Reeta Sarkar. The exhibit was a tribute to women and mothers around the 
		world.
 
 While addressing patrons, she said “as a widow I’ve known the pain of 
		losing my soul-mate” adding that “until I was well into being a widow 
		myself I had no idea what being a widow meant in some parts of the 
		world.”
 
 The exhibit was sponsored by both Ono and the Loomba Foundation, a 
		leading non-governmental organization dedicated to widow’s awareness and 
		rights.
 
 VIDEO AT: 
		
		http://www.filmannex.com/movie/widows-day-yoko/27489     LONDON: What do the benighted widows of Vrindavan have in 
		common with Yoko Ono, complete with folksy expensive panama hat and huge 
		bumble-bee sunglasses? Answer: Raj Loomba, bullish British Indian 
		businessman and his high-profile, celebrity-supported campaign to force 
		the United Nations to declare June 23 International Widows Day. Ono, 73, is 
		arguably the world's most famous widow but that is not much of a 
		disadvantage when her husband was John Lennon. In Vrindavan, city of 
		widows, meanwhile, an estimated 16,000 husbandless women sing bhajans 
		for a pittance and live on the margins of society.   Another famous 
		widow was Jacqueline Kennedy   Not only did she 
		have to endure the horror of sitting beside the horror that happened to 
		her husband, after the funeral she was forced to live under the same 
		roof of people whoh caused her husband's death.    No one lives 
		forever, not even the most wealthy. Rich men are often powerful and 
		hugely successful in their fields. Death puts an end to that, leaving 
		the ones left behind to strike off on their own. But sometimes the 
		widows of wealthy men are or become as famous and successful as their 
		husbands.  
			
			
			
				
				
					
						Priscilla Presley was only 14 years old when she met 
						rock 'n' roll singer Elvis Presley while he was 
						stationed in Germany with the Army. Eight years later, 
						she married the King and they had one daughter together, 
						Lisa Marie. Unfortunately, the marriage did not work out 
						and the Presleys divorced in 1973. Neither had remarried 
						when Elvis died in 1977. Priscilla became co-executor of 
						the massive Presley estate. She proved to be a canny 
						business woman, turning Elvis's Graceland home into a 
						money-making shrine rather than a financial drain, and 
						parlaying this success into other business endeavors, 
						such as merchandising, fragrance and jewelry lines, 
						video projects and music licensing. 
				
				
					
						Anna Nicole Smith was already a successful model and 
						had appeared in a few films when she met and married J. 
						Howard Marshall, a staggeringly rich oil tycoon from 
						Texas. Marshall was almost 90 years old when the two 
						married and did not live much longer, dying the next 
						year. He left Smith nothing in his will, but Smith filed 
						for half of the $1.6 billion estate anyway. Marshall's 
						son, E. Pierce Marshall, fought it. The case dragged on; 
						in the meantime, Anna Nicole Smith continued to act in 
						movies, starred in a reality TV show and endorsed a line 
						of diet products. After a series of personal tragedies, 
						Smith herself died in 2007.
				
				 
				
				
					
						Jackie Kennedy Onassis holds the unenviable 
						distinction of being the famous widow of not one but two 
						wealthy and powerful men. Jackie was First Lady of the 
						United States, married to President John F. Kennedy, 
						when he was assassinated in November of 1963. She then 
						married airline owner and shipping magnate Aristotle 
						Onassis in 1968. Aristotle died in 1975. Jackie was rich 
						and popular with the American public but wanted to work 
						in a field in which she had always been interested, 
						literature. She spent her last years working as an 
						editor for major book publishers and lobbying for 
						preservation and improvement of the arts in New York 
						City. 
				
				
					
						Yoko One first met John Lennon, member of The 
						Beatles, in 1966, at one of her own art exhibitions. The 
						two did not begin an affair until almost two years 
						later, and after Lennon divorced his first wife, married 
						in 1969. The pair worked together on many art and music 
						projects until Lennon effectively retired from music for 
						five years in 1980. They recorded a hit album released 
						in 1980, but Lennon was murdered at the end of that 
						year. Ono manages Lennon's estate, raised their son, and 
						has continued her art and music projects, releasing 
						albums and writing two off-Broadway musicals. 
 Read more:
		
		Famous Widows of Wealthy Men | eHow.com
		
		http://www.ehow.com/list_5806002_famous-widows-wealthy-men.html#ixzz1tSexqDI4
 
 
 Famous 
		New York Widows 
			Notes from an unfinished article:
 In 1980, Nicholas Pileggi at New York Magazine assigned 
			me to arrange for a group photo of New York’s most famous widows. 
			After months of fruitless overtures, I was utterly defeated. Maybe 
			someone like Truman Capote or George Hamilton could have pulled it 
			off. Rich doyennes are suspicious of people’s motives. They become 
			the prey of “tombstone ghouls”—Earl Scheib-types who try to persuade 
			them to erect bigger graveside monuments over the phone. Perhaps 
			they feared I was scheming for their jewels.
 
 The first question asked by each widow upon contact was “Who else do 
			you have?” Well, I made overtures to Mrs. (Elinor) Lou Gehrig, Mrs. 
			(Claire) Babe Ruth, Mrs. (Lucy) Louis Armstrong, Mrs. (Rachel) 
			Jackie Robinson, Mrs. (Vera) Igor Stravinsky, Mrs. (Elaine) John 
			Steinbeck, Mrs. (Dorothy) Richard Rogers. Those are the types Nick 
			Pileggi wanted. Ones I preferred, like Lillian Lugosi or Honey 
			Bruce, were apparently not New York mag material, and 
			A-list widows, like Mrs. Lou Gehrig, might not have consented to 
			posing with them. I spent months in agonized pursuit of Mrs. Lou 
			Gehrig. She made me jump through hoops with her lawyer, demanded 
			final approval, then stood me up twice.
 
 I consulted four books on the subject. Widowhood is inherently sad, 
			and instantly identifies a woman who has outlived her partner. No 
			matter how successfully she controls her life, she is labeled, 
			legally and figuratively, a widow unless she remarries. And widows 
			of famous men are considered a minority within a neglected minority. 
			They were more likely to have spent less time in the company of 
			their busy alpha male husbands.
 
 Widowhood could also be a state of mind, even before it hit. There 
			were perennial widows, like Mrs. Babe Ruth, who seemed 
			to be one for most of her life. There were honorary 
			widows, like Mrs. Jackie Robinson, and of course heroic 
			ones, like Jackie Kennedy, who was also twice-widowed. 
			Some, like Mrs. Sen. Jake Javits, seemed to have widowly qualities 
			even before or without becoming one. Mrs. (Madeline) Jack Gilford 
			and Mrs. (Kate) Zero Mostel wrote a nostalgic memoir—170 Years 
			of Show Business—in widowly fashion, before either became 
			one. Both of their families were victims of the insidious 1950’s 
			Hollywood blacklist.
 
 From my notes on one of the few interviews that took place:
 
 Kate Mostel, Zero’s wife, welcomed me into their exquisite home at 
			146 Central Park West. Artworks adorned the apartment, with striking 
			self-portraits of Zero as Tevye on the walls. Zero was only 62 when 
			he died in 1977, robbed of his prime years by the 1950’s blacklist. 
			He’d already starred on Broadway, in opera, Yiddish theater, radio 
			and movies. He was the reigning star at the integrated Café Society 
			nightclub in Greenwich Village when he married Kate, a Rockette and 
			Chez Paree chorus girl, in 1944.
 
 Kate was responsible for talking a reluctant Zero into his greatest 
			roles, including Fiddler on the Roof’s Tevye—the 
			prototype from which all subsequent actors modeled themselves. One 
			of her Yorkshire poodles does an authentic Eddie Cantor imitation, 
			waving both paws and rolling his eyes.
 
 Zero was blacklisted three times--on radio, television and in 
			Hollywood. Even 25 years later, after Zero’s stellar career 
			throughout the 1960s, the subject is raw. She still tenses up 
			whenever she sees a photo of Senator Joe McCarthy. “Zero signed some 
			petitions that communists also signed, so they lumped them all 
			together.” His nightclub act included an irreverent caricature of a 
			senator, which surely rubbed McCarthy the wrong way. Kate was 
			disappointed by The Front, one of Zero’s last movie 
			appearances in 1976, in which he portrayed a Hollywood blacklist 
			victim. The role was apparently watered down from Zero’s own 
			situation.
 
 There was a collective sigh of relief among actors in their circle 
			when McCarthy died in 1957. “I was afraid to open the door every 
			time the bell rang, ’cause it could have been the FBI. I told the 
			kids not to open the door until I was there.”
 
 The blacklist refugees became such a family that they remain tight 
			to this day. She refers to Ring Lardner’s, and her own children as 
			“Second generation blacklist.” Widowed less than three years, she 
			says she doesn’t hear from Zero’s poker-playing men friends—just 
			those who were “our friends.” Has her social life 
			changed?
 
 “I don’t think so. I still go to the same parties, to the theater, 
			but by myself. Maybe it’s a little quieter.”
 
 Kate Mostel, herself, was only 67 when she passed away in 
			1986.
 
 
 © 1980, 2009 Josh Alan Friedman
 
			           
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