According to Zohar, Lilith is the name of Adam's first wife, who was created at the same time as Adam. She left Adam and refused to return to the Garden of Eden after she mated with archangel Samael.[9]Her story was greatly developed, during the Middle Ages, in the tradition of Aggadic midrashim, the Zohar and Jewish mysticism.[10]
The Zohar tradition has influenced Jewish folkore, which postulates God created Adam to marry a woman named Lilith. Outside of Jewish tradition, Lilith was associated with the Mother Goddess, Inanna – later known as both Ishtar and Asherah. In The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh was said to have destroyed a tree that was in a sacred grove dedicated to the goddess Ishtar/Inanna/Asherah. Lilith ran into the wilderness in despair. She then is depicted in the Talmud and Kabbalah as first wife to God's first creation of man, Adam. In time, as stated in the Old Testament, the Hebrew followers continued to worship "False Idols", like Asherah, as being as powerful as God. Jeremiah speaks of his (and God's) displeasure at this behavior to the Hebrew people about the worship of the goddess in the Old Testament. Lilith is banished from Adam and God's presence when she is discovered to be a "demon" and Eve becomes Adam's wife. Lilith then takes the form of the serpent in her jealous rage at being displaced as Adam's wife. Lilith as serpent then proceeds to trick Eve into eating the fruit from the tree of knowledge and in this way is responsible for the downfall of all of mankind. It is worthwhile to note here that in religions pre-dating Judaism, the serpent was known to be associated with wisdom and rebirth (with the shedding of its skin).
The following female deities are mentioned in prominent Hebrew texts:
-
Agrat Bat Mahlat
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrat_Bat_Mahlat
(Queen of the Demons) she is one of the four angels
who mates with the Archangel Samael. Agrat Bat Mahlat mated with King David and bore a cambion son Asmodeus, king of demons. - Anath http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anath
-
Asherah
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asherah
Asherah (pron.: /ˈæʃərə/; Ugaritic: : 'ṯrt; Hebrew: אֲשֵׁרָה), in Semitic mythology, is a Semitic mother goddess, who appears in a number of ancient sources including Akkadian writings by the name of Ashratum/Ashratu and in Hittite as Asherdu(s) or Ashertu(s) orAserdu(s) or Asertu(s). Asherah is generally considered identical with the Ugaritic goddess Athirat (more accurately transcribed asʼAṯirat).
She is identified as the wife or consort of the Sumerian Anu or Ugaritic El, the oldest deities of their pantheons.[1][2] This role gave her a similarly high rank in the Ugaritic pantheon.[3] The name Allat (Elat, Ilat) in the Sanchuniathon is clearly associated with Asherah, because the same common epithet of "the goddess par excellence," is used to describe her.[4] The Book of Jeremiah written circa 628 BC possibly refers to Asherah when it uses the title "Queen of Heaven" (Hebrew: לִמְלֶכֶת הַשָּׁמַיִם) in Jer 7:18 and Jer 44:17–19, 25.[5] (For a discussion of "queen of heaven" in the Hebrew Bible, see Queen of heaven.)
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Ashima
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashima
In the Middle East, Ashima one of several deities protecting the individual cities of Samaria who are mentioned specifically by name in 2 Kings 17:30 in the Hebrew Bible. From the scribes' point of view the cities should not have been making cult images ("idols"), because they had agreed to worship the God of the Israelites that had once lived in the land, as described in some detail in the 2 Kings 17:30
Ashima was a West Semitic goddess of fate related to the Akkadian goddess Shimti ("fate"), who was a goddess in her own right but also a title of other goddesses such asDamkina and Ishtar. Damkina, for example, was titled banat shimti, “creator of fate”. The name Ashima could be translated as "the name, portion, or lot" depending on context. It is related to the same root as the Arabian qisma and the Turkish kismet.[1]
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Astarte
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astarte
Astarte pron.: /æˈstɑrti/ (Ancient Greek: Ἀστάρτη, "Astártē") is the Greek name of a goddess known throughout the Eastern Mediterranean from theBronze Age to Classical times. It is one of a number of names associated with the chief goddess or female divinity of those peoples.[1] She is found asUgaritic ʻṯtrt ("ʻAṯtart" or "ʻAthtart"); Phoenician "ʻštrt" (ʻAshtart); and Hebrew עשתרת (Ashtoret, singular, or Ashtarot, plural), and appears in Akkadian as D, the grammatically masculine name of the goddess Ishtar; the form Astartu is used to describe her age.[2] The name appears also in Etruscan as Uni-Astre (Pyrgi Tablets), Ishtar or Ashtart.
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Eisheth
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisheth
In Zoharistic Kabbalah, Eisheth Zenunim is one of the four angels of sacred prostitution, the mates of the archangel Samael. Her fellow succubi are Lilith, Naamah, and Agrat Bat Mahlat. She is found in the Zohar 1:5a-b as isheth zennanim or qodeshah.
In Jacqueline Carey's Kushiel's Legacy saga, Eisheth is one of eight angels who follow Elua. She was noted for her gentleness and for giving humanity the healing arts. Her province is Eisande.
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Lilith (Lilit in the Zohar)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilith
Lilith (Hebrew: לילית; lilit, or lilith) is a Hebrew name for a figure in Jewish mythology, developed earliest in the Babylonian Talmud, who is generally thought to be in part derived from a class of female demons Līlīṯu in Mesopotamian texts.
Evidence in later Jewish materials is plentiful, but little information has been found relating to the original Akkadian and Babylonian view of these demons. The relevance of two sources previously used to connect the Jewish Lilith to an Akkadian Lilitu – the Gilgamesh appendix and the Arslan Tash amulets – are now both disputed by recent scholarship.[1]The two problematic sources are discussed below.[2]
The Hebrew term Lilith first occurs in Isaiah 34:14, either singular or plural according to variations in the earliest manuscripts, though in a list of animals. In the Dead Sea ScrollsSongs of the Sage the term first occurs in a list of monsters. In Jewish magical inscriptions, on bowls and amulets from the 6th century CE onwards, Lilith is identified as a female demon and the first visual depictions appear.
In Jewish folklore, from the 8th–10th centuries Alphabet of Ben Sira onwards, Lilith becomes Adam's first wife, who was created at the same time and from the same earth as Adam. This contrasts with Eve, who was created from one of Adam's ribs. The legend was greatly developed during the Middle Ages, in the tradition of Aggadic midrashim, theZohar and Jewish mysticism.[3] In the 13th Century writings of Rabbi Isaac ben Jacob ha-Cohen, for example, Lilith left Adam after she refused to become subservient to him and then would not return to the Garden of Eden after she mated with archangel Samael.[4] The resulting Lilith legend is still commonly used as source material in modern Western culture, literature, occultism, fantasy, and horror.
In the Ugaritic Ba‘al/Hadad cycle ‘Anat is a violent war-goddess, a virgin in Ugarit (btlt 'nt) though the sister and lover of the great Ba‘al known as Hadad elsewhere. Ba‘al is usually called the son of Dagon and sometimes the son of El. ‘Anat is addressed by El as "daughter". Either one relationship or the other is probably figurative.
‘Anat's titles used again and again are "virgin ‘Anat" and "sister-in-law of the peoples" (or "progenitress of the peoples" or "sister-in-law, widow of the Li’mites").
Christianity
In Christianity, worship of any other deity besides the Trinity was deemed heretical, but veneration for Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ, as an especially privileged saint— though not as a deity— has continued since the beginning of the Catholic faith.[citation needed] Mary is venerated as the Mother of God, Queen of Heaven, Mother of the Church, Our Lady, Star of the Sea, and other lofty titles. Marian devotion similar to this kind is also found in Eastern Orthodoxy and sometimes in Anglicanism, though not in the majority of denominations of Protestantism.
In some Christian traditions (like the Orthodox tradition), Sophia is the personification of either divine wisdom (or of an archangel) which takes female form. She is mentioned in the first chapter of the Book of Proverbs.
In Mysticism, Gnosticism, as well as some Hellenistic religions, there is a female spirit or goddess named Sophia who is said to embody wisdom and who is sometimes described as a virgin. In Roman Catholic mysticism, Hildegard of Bingen celebrated Sophia as a cosmic figure both in her writing and art. Within the Protestant tradition in England, 17th century Mystic, Universalist and founder of the Philadelphian Society Jane Leade wrote copious descriptions of her visions and dialogues with the "Virgin Sophia" who, she said, revealed to her the spiritual workings of the universe. Leade was hugely influenced by the theosophical writings of 16th century German Christian mystic Jakob Böhme, who also speaks of the Sophia in works such as The Way to Christ.[11] Jakob Böhme was very influential to a number of Christian mystics and religious leaders, including George Rapp and the Harmony Society.
Feminism and neopaganism
Goddess movement
At least since first-wave feminism in the United States, there has been interest in analyzing religion to see if and how doctrines and practices treat women unfairly, as in Elizabeth Cady Stanton's The Woman's Bible. Again in second-wave feminism in the U.S., as well as in many European and other countries, religion became the focus of some feminist analysis in Judaism, Christianity, and other religions, and some women turned to ancient goddess religions as an alternative to Abrahamic religions (Womanspirit Rising 1979; Weaving the Visions 1989). Today both women and men continue to be involved in theGoddess movement (Christ 1997). The popularity of organizations such as the Fellowship of Isis attest to the continuing growth of the religion of the Goddess throughout the world.
While much of the attempt at gender equity in mainstream Christianity (Judaism never recognized any gender for God) is aimed at reinterpreting scripture and degenderizing language used to name and describe the divine (Ruether, 1984; Plaskow, 1991), there are a growing number of people who identify as Christians or Jews who are trying to integrate goddess imagery into their religions (Kien, 2000; Kidd 1996,"Goddess Christians Yahoogroup").
Sacred feminine
The term "sacred feminine" was first coined in the 1970s, in New Age popularizations of the Hindu Shakti. It was further popularized during the 1990s by Andrew Harvey and others, and entered mainstream pop culture in 2003 with Dan Brown's The Da Vinci Code.
Wicca
In Wicca "the Goddess" is a deity of prime importance, along with her consort the Horned God. Within many forms of Wicca the Goddess has come to be considered as a universal deity, more in line with her description in the Charge of the Goddess, a key Wiccan text. In this guise she is the "Queen of Heaven", similar to Isis; she also encompasses and conceives all life, much like Gaia. Much like Isis and certain late Classical conceptions of Selene,[12] she is held to be the summation of all other goddesses, who represent her different names and aspects across the different cultures. The Goddess is often portrayed with strong lunar symbolism, drawing on various cultures and deities such as Diana, Hecate, and Isis, and is often depicted as the Maiden, Mother and Crone triad popularised by [[Robert Gravesno it Greek ]] (see Triple Goddess below). Many depictions of her also draw strongly on Celtic goddesses. Some Wiccans believe there are many goddesses, and in some forms of Wicca, notably Dianic Wicca, the Goddess alone is worshipped, and the God plays very little part in their worship and ritual.
Goddesses or demi-goddesses appear in sets of three in a number of ancient European pagan mythologies; these include the Greek Erinyes (Furies) and Moirai (Fates); the Norse Norns; Brighid and her two sisters, also called Brighid, from Irish or Keltoi mythology.
Robert Graves popularised the triad of "Maiden" (or "Virgin"), "Mother" and "Crone", and while this idea did not rest on sound scholarship, his poetic inspiration has gained a tenacious hold. Considerable variation in the precise conceptions of these figures exists, as typically occurs in Neopaganism and indeed in pagan religions in general. Some choose to interpret them as three stages in a woman's life, separated by menarche and menopause. Others find this too biologically based and rigid, and prefer a freer interpretation, with the Maiden as birth (independent, self-centred, seeking), the Mother as giving birth (interrelated, compassionate nurturing, creating), and the Crone as death and renewal (holistic, remote, unknowable) — and all three erotic and wise.
Metaphorical use
The term "goddess" has also been adapted to poetic and secular use as a complimentary description of a non-mythological woman.[13] The OED notes 1579 as the date of the earliest attestation of such figurative use, in Lauretta the diuine Petrarches Goddesse.
Shakespeare had several of his male characters address female characters as goddesses, including Demetrius to Helena in A Midsummer Night's Dream ("O Helen, goddess, nymph, perfect, divine!"), Berowne to Rosaline in Love's Labour's Lost ("A woman I forswore; but I will prove, Thou being a goddess, I forswore not thee"), and Bertram to Diana in All's Well That Ends Well. Pisanio also compares Imogen to a goddess to describe her composure under duress in Cymbeline.
IN THE FOLLOWING CALENDAR, THE GODDESSES ARE IN BLACK, THE SAINTS
ARE BLUE,
EXCEPT WHERE I HAVE PROVIDED EXTRA LINKS FOR THE GODDESSES
GODDESS | JAN | FEB | MARCH | APRIL | MAY | JUNE | JULY | AUG | SEPT | OCT | NOV |
Acca Larentia, aka Lara, |
......... | ................. | .............. | ......... | ........ | ......... | .......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | Dec 23rd |
St. Agatha | ........ | Feb 5th | |||||||||
St. Agnes | Jan 21st | ||||||||||
St. Agnes of Assisi | ........ | .............. | ............ | ......... | ......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | ........ | Nov. 19th |
St. Agnes of Bohemia | ........ | ............ | Mar 2nd | ||||||||
Blessed Angela of Foligno |
Jan 7th | ||||||||||
St. Angela Merici | Jan 27th | ||||||||||
Blessed Angela Salawa |
....... | ............ | Mar 12th | ||||||||
Anna Furrinna | ........ | .......... | Mar 15th | ||||||||
Aphrodite Aphrodite |
........ | .......... | Mar 10th | ||||||||
St. Apollonia | ......... | ......... | Mar 17th | ||||||||
Ariadne | ......... | ......... | ............ | ............ | ......... | .......... | .......... | ........... | Sept 2nd (day) |
.......... | Nov 2th (Festival) |
Arianrhod | ......... | ......... | ........... | ........... | ......... | .......... | .......... | Lammas (Aug 2) | |||
Ameratsu | ......... | ......... | ............ | .......... | ......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | Dec. 22nd |
Artemis Artemis |
......... | .......... | ............. | .......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | Aug 13th | |||
Astarte | ......... | ......... | Mar 17th | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | Dec 25th (Day) |
Athena | |||||||||||
Bastet | .......... | .......... | ............ | Apr 15th | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | Nov. 16th (Festival) |
Belili | ......... | .......... | ........... | ......... |
Beltane
|
||||||
Bellona | ......... | ......... | ........... | .......... | ......... | June 3rd | |||||
St. Bernardine of Siena |
......... | ........ | .......... | ........ | May 20th | ||||||
Bona Dea | ........ | ........ | ............ | ......... | .......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | Dec 3rd (Festival) |
Brigid | .......... | Candlemas (Feb 2) | |||||||||
St. Bernadette Soubirous |
......... | .......... | ........... | Apr 16th | |||||||
St. Bridget | ......... | ......... | ............ | .......... | .......... | .......... | July 23rd | ||||
Brigit | ........ | IMBOLC Feb 2nd |
|||||||||
Cardea | ........ | .......... | ........... | ......... | .......... | Summer Solstice (approx June 22) |
|||||
St. Catharine of Bologna |
......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | May 9th | ||||||
St. Casilda |
........ | ......... | .......... | Apr 9th | |||||||
St. Catherine of Alexandria | ........ | ......... | .......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | ........ | .......... | ......... | ......... | Nov 25th |
St. Catherine of Genoa |
......... | ......... | Mar 24th | ||||||||
St. Catherine of Siena |
......... | ......... | .......... | Apr 29th | |||||||
St. Cecilia | ........ | ......... | ......... | .......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ........ | .......... | ........ | Nov 22nd |
Ceres | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ....... | ........ | Sept 18th | ......... | Nov 18th (Feast) |
St. Clare | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ....... | ......... | Aug 11th | |||
St. Colette | ........ | Feb 7th | |||||||||
St. Crescentia Hoess |
........ | ......... | ........ | Apr 6th | |||||||
Cybelle and Attis | ......... | Feb 15th | |||||||||
Demeter | ......... | .......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | Fall Equinox (approx Sep 22) | ||
Diana Diana |
........ | .......... | .......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | Aug 13th | |||
St. Elizabeth of Hungary | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | Nov 17th |
St. Elizabeth of Portugal | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | Jul 4th | ||||
St. Elizabeth Ann Seton |
Jan 4th | ||||||||||
Eponas | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ......... | .......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | Dec 18th (Festival) |
St. Fidelis of Sigmaringen | ......... | ......... | ......... | Apr 24th | |||||||
Flora | ......... | ......... | ......... | Apr 28th | |||||||
Fortuna Fors Fortuna |
.......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | June 11th (day) June 24th (festival) |
||||||
Freya | .......... | .......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | ........... | .......... | .......... | ........... | .......... | Dec. 27th (Day) |
Earth-Goddess Gaia | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | May 25th | ||||||
St. Gertrude |
......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ........... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | Nov 16th |
Hathor | Jan 23rd (day) |
.......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........... | .......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | Nov 21st (Festival) |
Hekate | Jan 31 (Day) |
......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | Aug 13-14th(Festival) | .......... | Samhain (Oct 31) | Nov 6th (Night) |
Hera | |||||||||||
Hestia Hestia |
.......... | ......... | .......... | Apr 28th (Roman) |
.......... | ......... | July 8th (old) | ||||
St. Hilary of Arles |
......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | May 5th | ||||||
Blessed Honoratus Kozminsk | .......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | .......... | ........ | Dec 16th |
St. Hyacintha of Mariscotti | Jan 30th | ||||||||||
St. Hilary |
Jan 13th | ||||||||||
Inanna | Jan 2nd | ||||||||||
Ishtar | Jan 27th (Day) | ......... | ......... | Festival Apr 22 | |||||||
Isis | ......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | Aug 12th | |||
Blesseds Jacinta and Francisco Marto |
.......... | Feb 20th | |||||||||
St. Jane Frances de Chantal | ......... | ........ | .......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | Aug 18th | |||
St. Jeanne Jugan | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ....... | Aug 30th | |||
Blessed Joachima |
.......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | May 22nd | ||||||
St. Joan of Arc |
......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | May 30th | ||||||
St. Joan of the Cross | .......... | ......... | .......... | .......... | ......... | ........... | .......... | August 17th | |||
St. Josephine Bakhita | ........ | Feb 8th | |||||||||
St. Julie Billiart |
.......... | ......... | ......... | Apr 8th | |||||||
Juno Moneta | .......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | May 1st | ||||||
Kali | .......... | Feb 17th | |||||||||
St. Katharine Drexel |
.......... | .......... | Mar 3rd | ||||||||
St. Louise de Marillac |
.......... | ........ | Mar 15th | ||||||||
St. Lucy |
.......... | ......... | .......... | .......... | ........ | .......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | Dec 13th |
St. Magdalen of Canossa |
......... | ........ | ......... | Apr 10th | |||||||
Minerva | ......... | ......... | Mar 19th (day) |
......... | .......... | June 13th (Festival) |
.......... | ......... | .......... | ........... | Nov 29th (Day) Dec. 4th (Festival Rome) |
St. Marguerite Bourgeoys | Jan 12th | ||||||||||
Marian | ......... | ......... | .......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | Winter Solstice (approx Dec 22) |
Saint Marianne Cope | Jan 23rd | ||||||||||
St. Maria Goretti | ....... | ......... | .......... | ........ | ....... | ....... | July 6th | ||||
St. Margaret of Cortona |
........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........... | ........... | .......... | Oct 16th | |
St. Martha | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | .......... | July 29th | ||||
St. Mary Ann of Jesus of Paredes |
......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | May 28th | ||||||
Blessed Mary Frances Schervier | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | .......... | ......... | ........ | ....... | ....... | Dec 15th |
St. Mary Magdalene | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | July 22nd | ||||
Birth of the Blessed Virgin Mary | .......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | .......... | ........ | Sept 8th | ||
Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary | .......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | Sept 12th | ||
Queenship of Mary | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | Aug 22nd | |||
Presentation of Mary | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | Nov 21st |
Solemnity of the Assumption of Mary | ......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | Aug 15th | |||
Solemnity of the Birth of Our Lord | .......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | .......... | ............ | .......... | .......... | Dec 25th |
Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception | .......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | ........... | ........ | ........... | Dec 8th |
St. Monica | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | Aug 27th | |||
St. Narcissus of Jerusalem | ....... | ........ | ......... | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | Oct. 29th | |
Mater Matuta, | ...... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | June 11th | |||||
Neith | ........ | ......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ......... | Dec 8th (Festival) |
Nut | ......... | Feb 21st | |||||||||
Ostara | ........ | ......... | Mar 21st | ||||||||
Our Lady of Fatima |
......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | May 13th | ||||||
Our Lady of Guadalupe | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | ......... | .......... | .......... | ........ | ......... | Dec 12th |
Our Lady of Lourdes | ....... | Feb 11th | |||||||||
OOur Lady of Mount Carmel | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | ........ | July 16th | ||||
Our Lady of Sorrows | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | .......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | Sept. 15th | ||
Our Lady of the Rosary | ........ | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | .......... | Oct 7th | |
Pales | ......... | ....... | ....... | Apr 21st | |||||||
Pallas Athene | ......... | ....... | ......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | Oct 7th | |
Pomona | ......... | ....... | ........ | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | .......... | Nov 1st |
St. Peregrine Laziosi |
......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | May 16th | ||||||
Sts. Perpetua and Felicity |
........ | ........ | Mar 7th | ||||||||
Persephone Persephone |
......... | ........ | Spring Equinox (approx Mar 22) | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | Nov. 25th (Festival) |
Blessed Pica Bernardone |
......... | .......... | ........ | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | Sept 23rd | ||
St. Rose of Lima | ........ | ......... | .......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | .......... | Aug 23rd | |||
St. Rose Philippine Duchesne |
........ | .......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | ......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | Nov 18th |
St. Rose Venerini |
........ | ......... | .......... | ........ | May 7th | ||||||
Sapientia | ....... | ......... | ......... | .......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | Dec 16th (Festival) |
Sekhmet | Jan 7th | ......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | Nov. 28th-29th (Festival) |
St. Rose of Viterbo | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ......... | ........ | ........ | Sept 4th | ||
Tailtiu | ......... | ........ | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | Aug 1st | |||
St. Teresa of Avila | ......... | ........ | ......... | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ......... | ........ | Oct 15th | |
Blessed Teresa of Kolkata | .......... | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ........ | ......... | ......... | Sept 5th | ||
St. Teresa of Los Andes |
......... | ........ | ......... | Apr 12th | |||||||
St. Theresa of the Child Jesus |
......... | ........ | ......... | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | ........ | ......... | Oct 1st | |
Tiamat | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | ........ | Nov. 6th |
St. Veronica Giuliani | ......... | ......... | ........ | ......... | ........ | ........ | July 10th | ||||
Vesta | ........ | ......... | ......... | ........ | June 7th -15th (temple festivals) |
July 7th-9th(festival) | |||||
SPECIAL MOON PERIODS
MOON OF CERRIDWEN
not in 2010
White Goddess of Life-in-Death and Death-in-Life. White Lady of
Death and Inspiration. Barley Goddess. Combination of wen (white)
and crdd (gain, inspired). Owner of the "witches" cauldron of
inspiration. Many animal forms: white cat, mare, sow, wolf. Can be
traced to Albina, "The White Goddess," the eldest of the Danaids, of
whom Britain derives its earliest name, Albion. She can be traced
further back to have been the Danaan Barley Goddess of Argos, and
thus to Anu. Affiliation with the letter B, beth, BIRCH, which
dispels evil spirits. It is the first tree to put out new leaves in
spring. SUNDAY, SUN.
There is no real seasonal affiliation with Cerri at this time of the year (in fact, she is a Mother/Harvest Goddess like Demeter), but I had this open space here, and since she's one of my favorite Goddesses, I thought I'd place her in this position of "honor" at the beginning of the year. The years in which Cerridwen is the first lunar cycle do not occur often. These years seem to be a little more intense than others. This is always an interesting cycle when it occurs; lots of work and growth opportunities.
MOON OF BRIGID
Festival of Candlemas (Feb 1-2)
1/15-2/13/10
Triple Goddess of Poetry, Healing, Smithcraft. The Virgin as Muse.
Bride of the White Hills. Her symbol is the white swan. She is
connected to Anu as Brigid is considered to be the "daughter" of The
Dagda, usurper of Anu's place as the deity of the Tuatha de Danaan,
one of the most ancient peoples in Northern Europe. Affiliation with
the letter L, luis, ROWAN, MOUNTAIN ASH and QUICKEN. Rowan was
considered sacred to Brigid, and was used by the Druids to compel
demons to answer questions, as well as for divination and oracular
use. Candlemas was considered the "quickening of the year," Feile
Brighde, the first of the great Irish fire feasts. I've noticed that
spring comes sooner when this Moon, the "quickening of the year,"
occurs early in the year.
MOON OF MORRIGAN
2/14-3/14/10
Goddess of the Sea. Great Queen of Fate. Morrigan was capable of
assuming the form of a raven, and was often invoked during battle to
bring death to the enemy. Like other New Moon Goddesses, she is
associated with the sometimes uncomfortable, unpredictable and
frightening aspects of feminine energy. She was the basis for Morgan
le Faye, the Goddess who conveyed King Arthur's body across the sea
to Avalon at his death, and Mary Magdalene. She is affiliated with
the letter N, nion, ASH. The ash is sacred to Posidion, god of the
sea. It is considered the tree of sea-power, and the power resident
in water. This Moon usually occurs in March, the month of floods.
MOON OF PERSEPHONE
Spring Equinox (Mar 20, 2010)
3/15-4/13/10
Daughter of Demeter. Queen of Hades. Goddess of Spring, Rebirth,
Planting. The famous story goes as follows: Hades, God of the
Underworld, fell in love with Persephone and kidnapped her. Her
mother, Demeter, responsible for bountiful harvests and plenty, was
so distraught she caused a blight upon the land and nothing would
grow (winter). By the time Demeter discovered where Persephone was,
she had already eaten six pomegranate seeds from the tree in the
underworld. Because she had eaten the food of the dead, Persephone
was only allowed to be reunited with her mother for six months of
the year. When she returns to her mother, all the world rejoices and
spring begins. Winter comes again when her mother sorrows for her at
her return to Hades. Her affiliation is with the letter O, onn,
GORSE and FURZE. Furze fires are lighted on hills in spring to make
room for new growth. A compound of Onn and Nion supplies the date of
her festival: the spring equinox at the close of the ash month.
MOON OF ANU
not in 2010
Fruitful Mother of Heaven. This is one of the most ancient names of
The Goddess in Europe. As Danu, she was considered the mother of The
Dagda, god of the Tuatha de Danaan, and occupier of the New Grange
barrow. As Anna, which means "Goddess Mother," she was known in the
Christian tradition as the mother of the Virgin Mary, and thus the
grandmother of Jesus. She is affiliated with the letter F, fearn,
ALDER. Bran, a later transmutation of Anu, is god of alder. He is
connected to Cronus/Saturn, and is a raven or crow god. Bran is
considered to be the occupier of the Avebury circle and the Silbury
mound, the original "spiral castle" of Britain. He was supplanted by
Belili in later times (Saturn by Jupiter). Alder is the tree of
fairies, yielding three dyes: red, green and brown; and of
resurrection, as it's buds are set in a spiral. SATURDAY, SATURN.
MOON OF BELILI
Festival of Beltane (May 1-2)
4/14-5/14/10
Sumerian White Goddess. Beli "white," bellus "beautiful," bile
"sacred tree." Originally, every tree was hers, but above all she
was known as a willow goddess, and also of wells, springs, love, and
the underworld. She was the predecessor of Ishtar, and the
sister/lover of Tammutz. She was later transmuted into
Beli/Zeus/Jupiter, the "supreme god of light," who became known as
the "father" to Arianrhod and all goddesses. Her shrine is
Stonehenge. Sabian names: Bel, Jupiter, Oak; Beltis, Venus, Apple.
Her affiliation is with the letter S, saille, the WILLOW; MONDAY,
MOON.
MOON OF OLWEN
5/14-6/11/10
Daughter of Hawthorn. She of the White Track. May Queen. Olwen is
the Welsh aspect of the Greek Aphrodite, and is thus a Love Goddess
and an Apple Goddess. In some Welsh traditions she is also
considered to be the twin sister of Merlin (Merddin). She is
affiliated with the letter H, uath, HAWTHORN. This period is of the
year is considered unlucky, and was seen as a time of purification
and chastity until the Ides of June (15th). The hawthorn blossom has
a female scent, and was an erotic symbol. The Joseph of Arimathea
story, contained in the Arthurian mythologies and created by the
monks at Glastonbury, was used to discourage the orgiastic use of
the hawthorn blossom by the Flora cults by attempting to sanctify
it.
MOON OF CARDEA
Summer Solstice (Jun 21, 2010)
6/12-7/10/10
The Two-faced Goddess of Hinges. Queen of the Circling Universe.
"She who looks both back and forward." "Her power is to open what is
shut; to shut what is open." She was the mother of Janus/Jupiter,
the "stout guardian of the oak door" (of which Cardea is the hinge).
The summer solstice is considered the "hinge on which the year
swings." Cardea was in charge of the four cardinal winds, and she
also rules "over the Celestial Hinge at the back of the North Wind
around which the millstone of the Universe revolves." The midsummer
fire was of oak, the tree of "thunder gods." The summer solstice was
the time when the oak-king was sacrificed in the midsummer fire.
Affiliated with the letter D, duir, or OAK; also with THURSDAY, and
JUPITER.
MOON OF CYBELE
not in 2010
Lion and Bee Goddess of Phrygia. She is the queen bee about whom
male drones swarm in midsummer. Her followers tolerated sodomy, and
the ecstatic self- castration of her priests was similar to the
emasculation of the drone, by the queen, in the nuptial act. She is
affiliated with the letter U, ura, HEATHER, the midsummer tree, red
and passionate. It is associated with mountains and bees, and sacred
to the love aspect of The Goddess. White heather is the opposite,
and protects against acts of passion.
MOON OF ARIANRHOD
Festival of Lammas (Aug 1-2)
7/11-8/10/10
"Silver Wheel." Arianrhod is an aspect of Cerridwen, and is keeper
of Caer Arianrhod, the "spiral castle" of royal purgatory. She is
mother of Llew Llaw Gyffes. Lammas commemorates the death of this
Dionysus/Hercules. It is observed with mourning, and a feast for
dead kinsfolk. It is connected with the Tailltean Games of Ireland,
full of chariot races and swordplay. Tailltean marriages, in honor
of Llew, lasted "a year and a day." Affiliated with the letter T,
tinne, HOLLY; TUESDAY, MARS.
MOON OF MNEMOSYNE
8/10-9/7/10
Mother of the nine Muses. She was the Muse of Memory, of the past as
well as the future, and of instinct and intuition. From her name
comes the word mnemonic, "an aid to improve the memory." She is
affiliated with the letter C, coll, the HAZEL tree. Her Moon falls
during the nutting season. The nut is an emblem of concentrated
wisdom. The hazelstick is used for divining. The letter C was used
to represent the number nine, as the hazel fruits after nine years,
therefore, it is sacred to the Muses and the Ninefold Goddess.
MOON OF DEMETER
Autumn Equinox (September 23, 2010)
9/6-10/6/10
Mother Goddess of Barley and the Harvest. Demeter was the Greek name
for Cerridwen, thus she had the same animal connections, such as the
Mare Goddess, Epona, a Sow Goddess, etc. She was known as Ceres to
the Romans. Her earlier name, Danae, suggests a connection to Anu.
She is affiliated with the letter M, muin, the VINE; also with the
letter E, eadha, ASPEN, the shield-makers tree, and the tree of
coffins.
MOON OF ARTEMIS
not in 2010
Moon Goddess of Childbirth. Maiden Goddess of the Hunt. Twin of
Apollo. Her Moon usually falls in October, the season of the
Bacchanal revels, in which intoxicated celebrants rushed about on
the mountains, waving the silver fir-branches, sacred to Artemis,
spirally wreathed with ivy, in honor of Dionysus. She is affiliated
with the letter G, gort, the FLOWERING IVY; it is a yellow berried
ivy, which grows in a spiral and symbolizes resurrection.
MOON OF HECATE
Festival of Samhain/All Soul's Day (Oct 31-Nov 1)
10/7-11/5/10
New Moon Goddess of Night and Death. The Nightmare. Queen of Elfin
or Faerie. She contains the New Moon qualities of all Great
Goddesses, and is thus The Black Screaming Hag: destroyer of
children, castrator of men, etc. Affiliated with the letter I, idho,
the YEW, the tree of witches.
One must remember that New Moon Goddesses, although sometimes frightening, represent the feminine principle that "destroys lies." The Indian Goddess Kali is well known for this. They represent the Plutonian energies in which, when the Goddess is through with you, there may be nothing left but ashes, but the phoenix of rebirth and new growth can now emerge unfettered by untruth and old, outgrown ideas.
MOON OF ATHENE
11/6-12/4/10
Androgynous Goddess of Wisdom. She can be traced to Anu/Anna, her
name being "ath-enna." Her messenger, the owl, is most vocal on
moonlit nights in November, and then remains silent until February.
It is this habit, along with their silent flight, the carrion-smell
of their nests, and the shining of their eyes in the dark, which
makes owls messengers of The Goddess, from whom, as the supreme
source of prophecy, they derive their reputation for wisdom.
Affiliated with the letter NG, ngetal, the REED, the symbol of
royalty. NG is the month when the wind "whistles dismally through
the reed beds of the rivers." The reed is ready to cut in November.
MOON OF MARIAN
Winter Solstice (December 21, 2010)
12/5-1/8/11
The Yule Feast is a Saturnalia for the pastoral sacred king
"Hercules" (Jesus). It commemorates the solstice sacrifice of the
king by his twelve "merry" companions. Thus, there is a connection
to the Robin Goodfellow (Robin Hood) tales. Marian was the earliest
spelling, in English, of the mother of the Christian "king," and was
one of the many forms of Mary-Goddess worship. Some of her other
names are Mary Gypsy, Miriam, Mariamne, Myrrhine, Myrtea, Myrrha and
Marina; also the merry-maid or "mermaid." Merry England became known
as such because it was the country most engrossed with Mary-worship.
She is affiliated with the ACORN, MISTLETOE, the rock-dove and the
serpent.
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Aphrodite (Greek)
- The beautiful Goddess of love and fertility. No man could resist
Aphrodite when she wore her magic girdle. Her name means foam born
or risen from foam as she was birthed from the churning sea.
Amaterasu (Japanese)
Arianrhod (Celtic) - Goddess of fertility, rebirth and the weaving of cosmic time and fate. The last aspect of her nature is contained within her name which means “silver wheel” or “round wheel,” suggesting her importance in the cycles of life. Other common spellings of her name are Aranhod and Arianrod.
Artemis (Greek) - An independent spirit, she is Goddess is of the hunt, nature and birth. There are several different theories about the origin of her name, one school of thought says it comes from an ancient word for “safe” and another argues that it means “strong limbed.” Either way the suggestion is that this maiden Goddess has the strength and ability to protect herself from any unwanted attention.
Athena (Greek) - Goddess of war and wisdom and domestic crafts. Plato believed her name meant "mind of God" whilst others suggest it comes an ancient word meaning “sharp.” Both these words point to Athena's great intellectual ability to see the true nature of a situation and to develop successful strategies.
Bast (Egyptian) - The famous cat Goddess, she protected pregnant woman and children. Bast was a very sensual Goddess who enjoyed music, dance and perfume. Her name comes from the bas jars used to storeperfumes and ointments. Other versions of this Goddess name's include: Bastet, Baset, Ubasti and Pasht.
Ceres (Roman) - This Goddess of agriculture and grains name comes from the Indo European word root, ker meaning “to grow.” In turn her name has become the origin of our modern word cereal.
Ceridwen (Celtic) - Goddess of moon, magic, agriculture, nature, poetry language, music, art, science and astrology. She was also keeper of the cauldron. Her name means “chiding love.” Cerridwen, Caridwen, Kerritwen, Keridwen, Kyrridwen are other variations of her name.
Demeter (Greek) - Goddess of the harvest who possessed great knowledge of the best way to grow, preserve and harvest grain. She was also the devoted mother of Persephone. Her name reflects her nurturing personality as it means “earth mother” in Greek.
Demeter (Greek) Festival
Diana (Roman) - Goddess of the hunt and wild animals. She later took over from Luna as the Roman Goddess of the moon, responsible for fertility and childbirth. Her name means "heavenly divine," reflecting her celestial role.
Diana (Roman) (August full moon festival)
Diwali (Hindu) lunar goddess
Eirene (Greek) - This Greek Goddess name means peace in her native language, expressing her diplomatic nature. Her name also often appears as Irene.
Eos (Greek) - A sunny natured Goddess whose name means dawn.
Epona (Celtic) - Protector of horses, donkeys, and mules. She was also an ancient fertility Goddess. Epona's Goddess name comes from the Gaulish word epos meaning "great mare."
Ereshkigal (Sumerian) - Goddess of Attalu, the land of the dead and ancestral memories. Her name translates as "great lady under the earth." Irkalla is an alternative name by which this Goddess is identified.
Freya (Nordic) - Goddess of love, beauty, fertility, war, wealth, divination and magic. Her name comes from the ancient Norse word for lady or mistress. There are several variations of the spellings of this Goddess name including: Freyja, Freyr and Freyja.
Frigg (Nordic) - Goddess of marriage, childbirth, motherhood, wisdom, household management and weaving and spinning. Her name means "beloved" in ancient Norse and is derived from fri "to love." She is also known as Frige, Friia, Frija and Frea.
Hathor (Egyptian) - This heavenly cow's areas of influence included music, dancing, joy and fertility. Her name translates as "house of Horus". Alternative names for this Goddess are Het-Hert, Hetheru, Mehturt, Mehurt, Mehet-Weret, and Mehet-uret,
Hathor (Egyptian)
Hebe (Greek) – Hebe’s name literally means youth or in the prime of life. She was one of the daughters of Zeus and Hera. Her role was to serve the nectar and ambrosia to the Gods and Goddesses that prevented them from aging.
Hekate (Greek) - Goddess of the wild places, childbirth and the crossroads. She is closely associated with magic and witchcraft. Her name is said to be derived from the Greek word hekas meaning "far off" describing her unworldly, shamanic nature. Also known as Hecate
Hella (Nordic) - The fearsome Goddess of the Nordic realm of the dead. Her name is derived from the word kel, meaning "to conceal." There are numerous spellings of her name including Halje Hell, Hel, Helle,Hela and Holle.
Hera (Greek) - Queen of the Olympians and Goddess of marriage and birth. The meaning of her Goddess name has been lost. One historian claims her name could be connected to the Greek word for seasons hora, suggesting she is ripe for marriage.
Hestia (Greek) - The domestic Goddess of the Greek Pantheon, she rules over the hearth and home. Her name comes from the Greek word estia meaning "she that dwells or tarries." This reflects the importance of the role that the ancient Greeks attributed to this Goddess in sacrificing her position as an Olympian to guard the fire and maintain a happy home.
Inanna (Sumerian) - Goddess of love, war, and fertility. Inanna was the personification of the morning and evening star. Her beautiful name means "lady of the sky." This Goddess is closely linked to Ishtar and Nin-anna.
Inanna (Sumerian) wiki Queen of Heaven
Indunn (Nordic) - Goddess of youth and springtime. Her name means she who renews and has several alternative spellings including Indun, Iduna and Idhunna.
Iris (Greek) - Goddess of the rainbow and messenger to the Gods. Her name means rainbow in her native language.
Isis (Egyptian) - This famous Goddess has so many different aspects, her most important roles are as Goddess of life and magic. Isis’s name comes from the Egyptian word aset and means "she of throne" in other words the Queen of the Goddesses.
Juno (Roman) - Goddess of marriage, pregnancy and childbirth. She protected the finances of the citizens of Rome. Her name is mystery, it speaks of a contradictory role for this Goddess, before her alignment to the matronly, Greek Goddess, Hera. This is because her name is derived from the root yeu meaning "vital force" indicating a more youthful, maiden Goddess
Juno (Roman) Hera (Greek)
Maat (Egyptian)- Goddess of truth, justice and balance. She prevented the creation from reverting to chaos and judged the deeds of the dead with her feather. This Goddess name stems from the word Mayet meaning “straight.” This reflects her unbending nature in upholding what is right and just.
Minerva (Roman) - Goddess of wisdom, medicine and crafts. Her name is linked to the Latin word mens which means "intellect," suggesting the intelligence and inventiveness of this ancient Goddess.
Morrigan (Celtic) - The terrifying crow Goddess associated with war and death on the battlefield. She was queen of phantoms, demons, shape-shifters and patroness of priestesses and Witches. Her name means "great queen" in the old Irish language. Morrigan was also known as Morgane, Morrígu, Morríghan, Mor-Ríoghain and Morrígna.
Nephthys (Egyptian) - Goddess of death, decay and the unseen. Her name speaks of her priestess role as it means "lady of the temple enclosure." Other variations of her title include Nebet-het and Nebt-het.
Nike (Greek) - This Greek Goddess name means victory, she represented success especially in the sporting arena which is why her name was chosen for a famous brand of sportswear.
Oshun (Nigerian River Goddess)
Parvati (Hindu)
Persephone (Greek) - Daughter of Demeter and Queen of the Underworld. She was also none as Kore reflecting the Maiden aspect of this Goddess. Other variations of her name include Persephoneia, Persephassa, Persephatta and Pherepapha
Pomona (Roman) – Pomona protected fruiting trees and gardens. Her name is derived from the Latin word pomus, meaning “fruit tree.”
Rhea (Greek) - The ancient Titan Earth Goddess, responsible for the fertility of the soil and women. The name is most likely a form of the word era meaning "earth", although it has also been linked to 'rheos' the Greek term for “stream.”
Selene (Greek) – Selene was the Titan personification of the moon, unsurprising then that her name means moon in Greek.
Seshat (Egyptian) - The great scribe and librarian Goddess who was responsible for accounting, architecture, astronomy, historical records and mathematics. Her Goddess name means "she who scibes." It is also appears as Safkhet, Sashet, Seshata, Sesat, Sesheta and Sheshat.
Themis (Greek) - Goddess of divine justice, order and customs. She also had the gift of prophecy. Her name simply means "law of nature" or "divine nature."
Venus (Roman) - Goddess and love and beauty. Her Goddess name has become synonymous with her role as the woman who all men desire.
Vesta (Roman) - Guardian of the sacred Flame. Vesta’s name and function is derived from the Greek Goddess Hestia.
See also
- Anima (Jung)
- Gender of God
- Gingira
- Goddess movement
- Mother goddess
- Heavenly Mother
- Sophia
- Ochre
- Tree deity
- Venus figurines
- Matriarchy
- ThThe Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory
Notesspan>
- ^ Barnhart (1995:323).
- ^ first broadcast on PBS in 1988 as a documentary, The Power of Myth was also released in the same year as a book created under the direction of the late Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
- ^ Chapter 6, "The Gift of the Goddess" and Episode 5, "Love and the Goddess" [1]
- ^ p. 165, 1988, first edition
- ^ pp.166–7, (1988, first edition)
- ^ p. 176, 1988, first edition
- ^ Mbiti, J.S., Introduction to African Religion, Oxford, 1975, p. 53.
- ^ Jung Chang, Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China, New York: Touchstone, 2003, reprint, GlobalFlair, 1991, p. 429. Retrieved 2 Nov 2009
- ^ Samael & Lilith
- ^ Tree of souls: the mythology of Judaism, By Howard Schwartz, page 218
- ^ Böhme, Jacob; William Law, trans. (1622 (1764)). The Way to Christ. Pater-noster Row, London: M. Richardson. http://www.passtheword.org/DIALOGS-FROM-THE-PAST/waychrst.htm.
- ^ Betz, Hans Dieter (ed.) (1989). The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation : Including the Demotic Spells : Texts. University of Chicago Press.
- ^ OED: : "Applied to a woman. one's goddess: the woman whom one ‘worships’ or devotedly admires."
References
- Dexter, Miriam Robbins, andpan class="Apple-converted-space"> Victor Mair (2010). Sacred Display: Divine and Magical Female Figures of Eurasia. Cambria Press.
- Barnhart, Robert K (1995). The Barnhart Concise Dictionary of Etymology: the Origins of American English Words. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-270084-7
- Gorshunova . Olga V.(2008), Svjashennye derevja Khodzhi Barora…, ( Sacred Trees of Khodzhi Baror: Phytolatry and the Cult of Female Deity in Central Asia) in Etnoragraficheskoe Obozrenie, n° 1, pp. 71–82. ISSN 0869-5415. (Russian).
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