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Dec. 21, 2000

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Article from October 1, 1998

December 21, 2000

Taking the Mask Off Pseudoscience

By BONNIE ROTHMAN MORRIS


Peter DaSilva for The New York Times Erik Max Francis started keeping track of pseudoscience for his own amusement.



ERIK MAX FRANCIS is so passionate about the theory and practice of modern science that in the last year alone he has posted 9,460 messages in scores of online user groups devoted topics like relativity, astronomy and neuroscience.

Mr. Francis, 29, is not a scientist, and has taken only a handful of classes at a community college, but he is a self-educated computer programmer from San Jose, Calif., who just happens to be comfortable, he says, discussing the theories and applications of mathematical physics, vector algebra and calculus.

Ten years ago, Mr. Francis started talking online with other people who shared his interests. Along with lively discussions with the other science enthusiasts, Mr. Francis often found himself debating people who espoused bizarre theories that were more science fiction than science. The more Mr. Francis argued with them, the more they dug in their heels.

Mr. Francis began thinking of these people as cranks, reasoning that science is an ever-evolving process, and scientists change their views as they make new discoveries that tear down old assumptions. On the other hand, "a crank has already made up his mind, evidence one way or another will not make him change it," Mr. Francis said.

In 1996, Mr. Francis created a separate file in his computer to keep track of the cranks and their Web sites. In 1997, he spun off his quickly sprawling file into a separate domain, and dubbed it Crank Dot Net (www.crank.net).

Today, Crank Dot Net is an index of about 1,000 of these sites. Through it, Mr. Francis performs the role of vigilante, by ranking and categorizing Web sites propounding pseudoscience that Mr. Francis says is misleading and simply ridiculous. On Crank Dot Net, Mr. Francis pulls a quote from each site that he feels best defines it, then ranks the sites as "Cranky (Downright strange), Crankiest, (above and beyond the normal call of the crank), and Illucid, (Something so beyond understanding that it defies classification)."

Among the sites listed by Mr. Francis are ones espousing time travel, teleportation, alchemy, crop circles and the idea that the Earth is hollow. There are several sites dedicated to an old favorite, cold fusion, which created a sensation when it was announced in 1989 but now is largely dismissed by the scientific community.

Initially, Mr. Francis said, he kept track of these kinds of sites for his own amusement, in an effort to study their abnormal psychology. What struck him was how television has influenced pseudo-science. "It's surprising to me how many scientific cranks think pseudoscience and technobabble are really how science gets done," wrote Mr. Francis in an e-mail message, blaming the thinking on the influence of "Star Trek."

Mr. Francis said he had also come to believe that many people create their own scientific theories because they simply don't understand the real ones. Since math is fundamental to science and many people are math illiterate, he said, they simply think words will do. To Mr. Francis, words are simply not enough.

Crank Dot Net's sorting and filtering function for strange stuff on the Web has taken on a wider import: helping site visitors see fallacy for what it is. To that end, Mr. Francis also lists extreme religions, white supremacists and hatemongers on the site, along with crystal healers and victims of alien abductions.

Mr. Francis isn't the only Web vigilante out there devoted to pin-pointing fallacy to encourage critical thinking. Phil Plaitt, the Web master of Bad Astronomy started his site (www.badastronomy.com) devoted to exposing myths about astronomy because he was, he says "full of righteous fury," after watching a TV news reader on a national network morning show give a report on the space shuttle then laugh on air that he had no idea what he was talking about.

"I have a passion for the rightness of science," said Mr. Plaitt, an astronomer and a friend of Mr. Francis. "Science works. It's a pretty good way to describe the universe." Mr. Plaitt suggests that sites like Bad Astronomy and Crank Dot Net provide a "process to separate the rational from the irrational."

As the Internet expands to give every person a platform to say whatever he wants about the way the universe works, (a good thing, in both Mr. Francis's and Mr. Plaitt's view), it behooves people like Mr. Francis, Mr. Plaitt and the Webmaster of similar sites, like Quintessence of the Loon (www.ratbags.com/loon) to put them in context.

In addition to the pseudoscience sites, Crank Dot Net features an anticrank category that lists sites "fighting crankism, debunking bad science and promoting logic."

Crank Dot Net also flags sites that are parodies. Sometimes, Mr. Francis admits, it is tough separating the parodies from the real thing. Sometimes, he has ranked a site as cranky, only to be corrected by site visitors.

"It's really hard to tell the difference," Mr. Francis said. "The crankiest people, literally, they are talking and you are giggling and what they're saying is ridiculous, but they are serious."

Mr. Francis said he received several submissions daily suggesting sites to mention. Many of the submissions come from cranky Webmasters. In fact, Mr. Francis said he rarely gets complaints from the Webmasters he's clearly criticizing on the site. "Most are quite pleased," he said. "By no means is Crank Dot Net considered a hostile resource by people who are listed there."

Mr. Francis recently listed Greatdreams.com and rated it "crankiest." Almost immediately, he received an e-mail message from Dee Finney, the site's Webmaster, thanking him for the listing.

"Our main thrust is to educate people to watch their dreams," Mrs. Finney said. `In their dreams you see the future. "We're tickled to be listed. He has got the best links on his site to any educational subject that we actually favor."

Related Sites
These sites are not part of The New York Times on the Web, and The Times has no control over their content or availability.
Crank Dot Net
Bad Astronomy
Quintessence of the Loon
Greatdreams.com


October 1, 1998

To Surf, Perchance to Dream


Some people who spend their days with computers are finding that the machines have also invaded their dreams.
By TINA KELLEY

If you dream that your hard drive is crashing, do you wake up just before the Fatal System Error message appears? What would be the meaning of a dream about a cursor that was frozen, not flashing, on a blank screen? And in scrutinizing nightmares about computers, are there times when a hard drive is really just a hard drive?

As computers leach deeper into the subconscious, accounts of anxiety-filled dreams about them are showing up in the public spaces of the Internet and in off-line conversations. While "10,000 Dreams Interpreted" by Gustavus Hindman Miller, written in 1909, featured dream objects like absinthe, reapers and saltpeter, and current dream lexicons are filled with cars and airplanes, it may be that before long, control panels and File Not Found messages will be regularly showing up in the collective subconscious.

The posting, reading and analysis of dreams is already something of an international spectator sport. People post their dreams in dozens of online dream journals, Web rings and newsgroups, and computers play starring roles in some of these pre-breakfast reveries. Recent sleep studies indicate that dreaming is more likely to be a tool for the brain to process information than to be a source of meaning and guidance, with symbols to be interpreted and heeded. But dreams and their import remain a topic of water-cooler and chat-room conversation.

Few therapists have noticed computers turning up in their patients' accounts of dreams, but some of them say computers have not been in common use long enough to become part of dreamers' repertory.

One therapist who has noticed a difference is Barbara J. Lee, a clinical social worker in South Pasadena, Calif., who says that about 5 percent of her clients have reported computer-related dreams. A Jungian, she says the computer is becoming its own archetype, a symbol of how modern life has accelerated.

"American society wants faster food and shortcuts, and a computer can embody that," Ms. Lee said. "Sometimes we lose our own identity. It's really about the individual's sense of not being in control."

Dreams about computers are quite easy to find through the Web. John Jacobs, 26, a programmer in Miami Lakes, Fla., posted the following dream on the alt.dreams newsgroup: "I was in some kind of store. There was a large mainframe computer on my left. The computer would churn out a tape of something like bubble gum. My brother was also there. After receiving the bubble gum tape, I would look intently at it until I saw something, whatever vision had been designed in the tape by the computer."

An online query about Internet dreams drew this e-mail response from Kathleen Barco, director of media relations at Kaiser Permanente in Pasadena, Calif. She described her dream this way: "I sent my e-mail messages to print and there were so many the printer just kept chugging them out and buried me in paper. Then I woke up!"

But mainstream psychologists and sleep researchers have not reported any great flood of computer dreams even where you might expect them. Robert A. Hicks, a professor of psychology specializing in dreams at San Jose State University, said: "It is a little surprising to us that we've never run across that here in the Silicon Valley. We do see a lot of stress-related dreams here. It's a stressful place."

Psychologists, psychiatrists and other scientists have long debated whether dreams reflect subconscious forces within dreamers or simply show what bothers people in their daily lives. The latter point of view is in favor now, Dr. Hicks said.
Computer dreams, some say, are born of anxiety about technology.



"Almost all of us have dreams directly related to things we're involved with, so it's not surprising that people who post dreams on the Internet are posting dreams about computers," he said.

Dr. Allan Hobson, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said most dreams involved emotions and physical motion but not sedentary activities. "Certain activities, like computing, that you think would be in there a lot aren't," he said. "Reading, writing, sitting at one's desk, the kinds of things we do all day, almost never get in there."

The idea " that dreams are mainly an effort to disguise unconscious conflict is outmoded," Dr. Hobson said. But many other psychologists and psychiatrists -- as well as Web site operators with scant or no professional training -- still find meaning in dreams. For them, what is the meaning behind the monitor?

Take Jacobs's dream about the computer and the tape, which he continued to describe this way: "The computer gave me another piece of gum tape. I put it up to my eyes and I saw the earth. I didn't have any idea what to make of any of it, so I left."

Rosalind Cartwright, director of the Sleep Disorder Service at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center in Chicago, suggested that Jacobs might be finding new technology to be a bit beyond him.

"He can't understand it," she said. "He can't make sense out of it, and it's pointing at all different directions at once. He wishes life was simple again and would just give him bubble gum as a direct reward." So far, she said, she has not run across any computer-related dreams in her studies.

In some computer nightmares, a manufactured brain overpowers a human brain. An entry on the Dream Page, a Web site where people post their dreams, said: "The room was dark and I heard an evil sound come from the floor. I could not scream or call for my roommates, the next thing I know my computer is biting me. I woke up and finished my English paper, well to this day the computer and I have not spoken."

Thomas Wear, a Jungian clinical psychologist in Seattle, said he viewed computers, with their objectivity, as male. "There's nothing warm about the machine itself, nothing nurturing or inviting, that I would suggest goes along with femininity in the Jungian sense," he said. "The machine itself is cold. All you can do is touch it with your fingertips. It sort of demands that you jump to its tune."

Dr. Wear said people who don't write code and create software might feel that they have made a stressful move from being tool users to being tool tenders. The computer seems to become the master.

One place to go for a layman's interpretation of technology-related dreams is Myths Dreams Symbols, run by Jerry Gifford, 48, a fence contractor in Nashville. "The mind is the greatest computer," said Gifford, who started working with dreams six years ago. Gifford said he based his interpretations on the teachings of the psychoanalyst Carl Jung and the mythologist Joseph Campbell.

One prolific dreamer, Dee Finney of Waterford, Calif., who chronicles her "Crystal Visions and Dreams" on Dee's Dreams and Visions , posted four dreams and a vision on Dec. 17, 1997, including this frustrating one:

"I was on the computer, typing in U.R.L.'s, trying to make a pattern so that if you clicked on one, it would take you full circle through the sites back to the beginning from whatever point you started in a Ferris-wheel-type pattern. I was not able to solve the puzzle."

Three days later, she had another dream about a circle of messages.

She realized that from the center of the circle, she could reach any point on it or zoom to another wheel. "It had to do with birth and death of one species of birds and the cycles of life and the tree or vines it lived in," she wrote.

Richard Wilkerson, a self-described dream educator in the San Francisco Bay area and editor of Electric Dreams, a Web zine , took a stab at analyzing Ms. Finney's circle-related dreams via e-mail.


SITE-SEEING DREAM INTERPRETATION

Dream Dictionary
"10,000 Dreams Interpreted," a great old book by Gustavus Hindman Miller listing dream symbols, can be found here in its entirety. 

Tips and Information
You can receive an e-mail tip list on dreams, including hints for clearer dreaming. 

Mind Media Review
This site describes Dream Analyzer software ($15), which will "recognize thousands of dream symbols and reveal their real meanings."


"Here we have what Jung would have identified as a Mandala, or complete geometric expression of Wholeness," he wrote. "If this were my dream, I would say that I have finally realized one of the greater truths about Mazes and Labyrinths, that I solve them not by escaping, but by going directly to the center."

John Suler, a professor of psychology at Rider University in Lawrenceville, N.J., said the dreaming mind had much in common with the Web-surfing mind. In his Web textbook, The Psychology of Cyberspace, Dr. Suler said: "Under the right conditions, cyberspace becomes a dream world, not unlike the world which emerges when we sink into sleep.

The user can transcend the laws of space and physics. One simply has to click on a button to be transported from one location to another. There is no swinging of feet or turning of wheels to confirm that one has moved."

Willa G. Cline, a Web designer in Kansas City, Mo., may have had the ultimate computer dream, of a computer that would analyze her dreams. She published the following in her Online Dream Journal

"I was working on this dream page, and when I hit the return key on the keyboard, I was taken to another page and I couldn't figure out how I got there. I went back and tried to recreate what I had done, and it happened again. I eventually figured out that when I was looking at one of my dreams, if I hit 'return' the computer automatically interpreted my dream for me. If I put the cursor on a specific word or phrase and hit 'return,' I received an interpretation of just that portion of the dream. I thought this was pretty clever and made a mental note to come back and try it again when I had more time."

When asked about anxious computer-related dreams, she said she didn't believe that this one qualified because she viewed it as positive.

"I can't remember ever having an anxiety dream about computers, actually," she said in an e-mail message. "I *love* computers. They don't make me anxious. :)"

October 1, 1998


Dream Analysis: Meaning of the Monitor

By TINA KELLEY

Can dreams tell people something about their relationship to technology? Many people who report having such dreams say they can. Following are a computer-related dream and several interpretations of it:

THE DREAM:

"I have experienced a high-anxiety dream in which the walls of a room are computer screens," Tanya Tabachnikoff, director of media relations at Marlboro College in Marlboro, Vt., said in an e-mail message describing a dream she had had about six months ago. "When I use the keyboard to try to go to a Web site, the computer interrupts me with moving messages of new software programs that I must download before proceeding, or else it is deluging me with products I must purchase -- demanding my credit card number, expiration date, etc. Even when I refuse to enter any information, it starts racking up the bill in front of my eyes.

"I feel completely trapped by the room, completely at the mercy of these enormous monitors surrounding me. The computer 'persona' (which is definitely masculine) is overpowering and relentless, verging on cruel, and I am struggling to regain control as it attempts to take control of me."

Ms. Tabachnikoff, responding to an electronic posting in search of computer-related dreams, said her dream might be related to her pregnancy -- a condition that she says leads to vivid dreams -- and to her college's growing reliance on technology. She said Marlboro had embraced computers as a tool for education, offering master's degrees in Internet Technology Management and Teaching With the Internet, programs she has helped promote. And she often uses e-mail to communicate with her boss and co-workers.

"I guess all the emphasis on technology has had some anxiety-provoking effect on my unconscious," she wrote. "The dream obviously conveys a fear of computers taking over our lives."

Circuits asked a number of dream interpreters, amateur and professional, to analyze Ms. Tabachnikoff's dream.

THE INTERPRETATIONS:

John Suler, a professor of psychology at Rider University, said: "You have the masculine, father-type image of the computer as a masculine, controlling force. It's a turnaround because usually we think of computers as servants.

This is a source of anxiety: you're thinking you're in control, but there's a kind of betrayal by them in that dream."
One dream (a computer run amok), four interpretations.

Thomas Wear, a Jungian clinical psychologist in Seattle, said: "Now the machine has all the information, all the data, and you're just the operator, still a tool tender. You're tending the machine and nothing more. Suddenly this impersonal thing obviously overwhelms her and surrounds her, and she feels attacked by its masculine energy. Computers are totally masculine in the sense that they are totally objective."

Hillary Butler, a certified social worker with a Freudian bent at the Postgraduate Center for Mental Health in New York, said: "Certainly there's a fear/wish to be submissive and to be dominated. There's a sense absolutely of being overwhelmed, being out of control, being at the mercy of another, which again can be a fear and a wish. I think it's both. So the college, the job, the boss are all representations of a father, and the fear and the wish to give in to a powerful father. I don't know that this was particularly about computers, except that that's her life, that's the language that she would use to express her deepest desires and fears."

Dr. Allan Hobson, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said: "It's a classic REM-sleep dream in that it has anxiety, a fair amount of bizarreness, incongruity and things that are probably very unlikely if not physically impossible. What it doesn't have is scene changes or action. It feels like a kind of relatively static preawakening experience.

"The problem with dream interpretation is it was never scientific and can never be scientific, but that doesn't mean we won't do it. We interpret everything. My guess is that you'd still have as many interpretations as you have people. That's an inexact process and should be left outside the realm of science."


The following is Richard Wilkerson's response to an e-mail from TinaKelley@aol.com at the NYTimes. 9-22-98 - used with permission from Richard Wilkerson. 10-01-98

Digital Dreaming: The Evolution of the Computer Symbol.

John's Gum Computer dream

John Jacobs, 26, a programmer in Miami Lakes, Florida, posted the following dream on the newsgroup alt.dreams:

"I was in some kind of store. There was a large mainframe computer on my left. The computer would churn out a tape of something like bubble gum. My brother was also there. After receiving the bubble gum tape, I would look intently at it until I saw something, whatever vision had been designed in the tape by the computer. As I saw things, I would relay them to my brother.

"The first thing that I saw was so totally inexplicable that I could probably only put it in a painting. I suppose you could say I saw paisleys of white light. But I had absolutely no idea what they meant. These paisleys of light started out as arrows pointing the way through a large maze.

"The computer gave me another piece of gum-tape. I put it up to my eyes and I saw the earth…I didn't have any idea what to make of any of it, so I left."

The yaramb computer dream

"I had a dream, a sick dream. I was walking along the varamb~ [cq] of a paddy field. I was yelling ‘pazhaya computer vAngngAn ALundOOO?, pazhaya computer vAngngAn ALundOOO?' [cq] and I had a heavy bundle of computer junks (monitors, mother boards, floppies) on my head. I looked like the occasional aluminium [cq] vessel-vendor on the street."

(According to the glossary attached to the page, a varamb~ is "a narrow path made of mud, across or along a paddy field" and he was yelling "Yo! anybody out there to buy these used computers?")

The Entry Key Dream

another: "I was working on this dream page," she wrote, "and when I hit the return key on the keyboard I was taken to another page and I couldn't figure out how I got there. I went back and tried to recreate what I had done, and it happened again. I eventually figured out that when I was looking at one of my dreams, if I hit ‘return' the computer automatically interpreted my dream for me. If I put the cursor on a specific word or phrase and hit ‘return,' I received an interpretation of just that portion of the dream. I thought this was pretty clever and made a mental note to come back and try it again when I had more

Finney's Ferris wheel Dream

another person: The next day, when she recorded four dreams and a vision, Finney had the following dream: "I was on the computer, typing in url's, trying to make a pattern so that if you clicked on one, it would take you full circle through the sites back to the beginning from whatever point you started in a Ferris- wheel type pattern. I was not able to solve the puzzle."

Three days later, she had another dream about a Ferris-wheelian circle of messages, where she came to understand that from the center of the circle she could reach any point on it, or zoom to another wheel.

"It had to do with birth and death of one species of birds and the cycles of life and the tree or vines it lived in," she wrote.

=================================================================

Computer dreams build a symbolic bridge to the 21st Century across which the meanings of our culture that survive the 20th Century can travel. What I mean is that computers are a new technology born in the 20th Century and bound to mature and be significant in the 21st. The symbolism and meaning we attach to them and that emerges from them will be seen in our dreams. If Swiss Depth Psychologist Carl G. Jung is correct, these symbols not only reflect our personal and cultural attitudes about computers, but also carry the next step in the evolution of our personality.

Stage 1. Centralized Computing.

The personal meaning of John's Gum Computer dream is something only John may know. But by taking the dream as if it were our own, we can look at the elements that we share culturally, and perhaps even find some personal significance for our own lives.

Let's set aside the meaning in a dream of the computer for a moment and see how the computer symbol works. I will pretend the dream is my own...

In "my" Gum Computer dream I go to a store, meaning I am about to buy something. For me, this means I'm about to buy into a perspective or viewpoint, about to invest my personality or desires in a particular new way of being. Or I'm shopping for this new attitude. In this dream it is a main frame computer, or the central computer that dominates the shopping place. In this dream the computer is putting out a tape or program or vision of life that I am barely able to see. It is new, inexplicable and I can only imagine communicating it as a painting. I can relay the image to my brother, a significant act. Jung often talked about how new meanings in our lives first appear on the horizon as an image that can barely be spoken. Being one of the original art therapists, he would often have his patients paint, draw and mold in clay or in a sandtray the dream image. After some time and work with this material, the meaning would emerge. But the process was like going through a maze. First we turn one way, then another, and when all hope of getting out seems lost, we make one more turn, and there is, the path way beyond the labyrinth. In the Gum Computer dream, I look through the image of the world the computer is presenting and find no way to express it and leave. Even though the vision is gummy and I can stretch it a little this way and that. Perhaps I am not ready for this vision, and perhaps I reject it. It many be that my vision of the world is not spewed out by this particular machine. I may not want a vision of the world that comes from a main frame, but rather from a distributed processing model.

Now back to the computer symbolism.

It is interesting to note that our view of the computer itself is changing and this too will not only be reflected in dreams but can be a way to gather insight about ourselves. At one time a computer was seen as a central computing device. Cartoons in the 1960's always had the main frames churning out some funny message to men in white lab coats. Science Fiction of the same time pitted man against some centralized computer that was about to take over the world, or universe. These books manifested into movies & TV shows in the 1970s and 1980s . In this sense, the computer represented to us our fears of becoming stripped of individuality and threatened our sense of superiority. Dreams of centralized computers may be used to gain insight into our fears in these areas and maybe our desires as well. Sometimes we desire our own imprisonment to avoid personal growth.

Stage 2. Interactivity

In the Return Key dream, the computer symbol is shifting from a technological advance to a technological space, and from an authoritarian spew of directions and answers to an interactive journey. The question of the simulation of reality is emerging. That is, it is a dream within a dream. What is real is not like in the centralized computer dream where reality is reeled out by the machine, but though a relationship with the machine. I might say that if this were my dream, I would see the computer here as a tool of communication and meaning. It helps us interpret our dreams. If we can hit the return key in the right place.

Stage 3. Transition

The yaramb computer dream forms a image from the cycle of apocalyptic fiction. Here, the world has become a place were recycling and chaos exceeds production and organization. Carl Jung often talks about the dream itself as a kind of bricouler, a fellow who collects and sells what others have thrown away. In our new computer world, just as soon as we buy a computer it is obsolete. Like the yaramb dreamer, we have all become bricoulers and junk collectors, patching together an old modem from one machine with a graphics card from another.We try to stay ahead of the junk and make use of it, but we feel like we are in a field of mud. Now this sets up an interesting condition for our psyche and dreammaker. In the past, our dreams had machines that stayed around for a while. The plow lasted for a thousand years. The steam engine for a century. Cars for decades. As symbols of the unconscious they formed a threatening but stable image pattern. Computers will carry with them a sense of transience and will be useful as dream symbols for exploring our new relationship with technology. Note: I would like to widen the notion of technology to mean here not just machines of metal, but any extension of function and pleasure. The jaw, for example, is technology, extended slowly over time via evolution. To explore the most profound levels of our emotional relationships with technology, we need to see the full extension of this class of objects. The struggle of the individual in the postmodern world is for some, to find uniqueness and spirit in a world that offers only basic survival in heaps of junk. Others feel it is the notion of individuality itself that creates the piles of junk. Between these to polar views, we move along the yaramb.

Stage 4. Distributed Network

Finney's Ferris wheel dreams may be seen as a end stage in the current evolution of computer symbolism. Here we have what Jung would have identified as a Mandala, or complete geometric expression of Wholeness. If this were my dream, I would say that I have finally realized one of the greater truths about Mazes and Labyrinths, that I solve them not by escaping, but by going directly to the center. One may make the metaphor here to life, that problems are solved not by running form them but by entering into them. At first, I try addressing (typing in URLs) the problem to others, still trying to send the problem off to someone else. But in the later dream I see that I need to find a central pivot and can enter other wheels and networks this way. The dream goes on to amplify this with a larger vision of the cycles of life and death. The computer here is entering into a new kind of symbolism, a vehicle for transportation and mediated communications with other. The Internet addresses become paths not just to new rooms in a maze, but whole new worlds. Dreams that entertain these notions of computers will allow the dreamer to shift from a maze to amazing. I suspect that dream computers will represent fear of the unknown for some, but will in general transport our fear of technology into into the plows of a new distributed global field of dreams.

. Richard Wilkerson is a Bay Area dream educator and the editor of the Electric Dreams e-zine. He offers classes in dream interpretation online and manages the electronic communications program for ASD, the Association for the Study of Dreams.

Homesite Electric Dreams Homesite

Association for the Study of Dreams Association for the Study of Dreams

email Richard Wilkerson

email Dee Finney

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