The list of Jewish Laws were given by
Jehovah, and are expected to be followed, particularly when the third Temple
is constructed in Jerusalem. As I understand currently that there are
no animal sacrifices, but the Jewish people are expecting to do so once the
Third Temple is built.
That said, the New Testament, which
prophecies the coming of the Antichrist who will announce himself of the
porch of the Temple and stop the sacrifice of the animals.
So doing will anger the Jewish people,
and make all animal lovers think that he is a great leader.
Christians, through the book of Revelations in the New Testament, know his
terrible plans to rule the world. And there will be terrible
tribulations and WWIII.
In the meantime many Christian prophets
are pronouncing that very soon America is going to come under God's
Judgment.
Morfix dictionary, the leading online Hebrew-English and English-HebrewDictionary,
free translation, with audio pronunciation, inflections, synonyms,
example ...
The following laws seem to be pretty much
impossible to follow them all. The only answer is to REPENT on a daily
basis.
MOSES 10 COMMANDMENTS
The
Ten Commandments, also known as the Decalogue, are a set of
commandments which the Bible describes as being given to the Israelites
by God at biblical Mount Sinai. The Ten Commandments appear twice in
the Hebrew Bible, first at Exodus 20:1-17, and then at Deuteronomy 5:4-21.
Remember that Moses broke the first
plaques that he brought down the mountain and had to go back and have God
rewrite them.
And God spoke
all these words:
2 “I
am the
Lord your God,
who brought you out
of Egypt,
out of the land of slavery.
4 “You
shall not make for yourself an image
in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in
the waters below.5 You shall not bow down to them or
worship
them; for I, the
Lord your God, am a jealous God,
punishing the children for the sin of the parents
to the third and fourth generation
of those who hate me,6 but showing love
to a thousand
generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7 “You
shall not misuse the name of the
Lord your God, for the
Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.
8 “Remember
the Sabbath
day by keeping it holy.9 Six days you shall labor and do all
your work,10 but the seventh day is a sabbath
to the
Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you,
nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your
animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns.11 For in six days
the
Lord made the heavens and the earth,
the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested
on the seventh day.
Therefore the
Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.
12 “Honor
your father and your mother,
so that you may live long
in the land
the
Lord your God is giving you.
13 “You
shall not murder.
14 “You
shall not commit adultery.
15 “You
shall not steal.
16 “You
shall not give false testimony
against your neighbor.
17 “You
shall not covet
your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his
male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to
your neighbor.”
18 When
the people saw the thunder and lightning and heard the trumpet
and saw the mountain in smoke,
they trembled with fear.
They stayed at a distance19 and said to Moses,
“Speak to us yourself and we will listen. But do not have God speak
to us or we will die.”
20 Moses
said to the people, “Do not be afraid.
God has come to test
you, so that the fear
of God will be with you to keep you from sinning.”
21 The
people remained at a distance, while Moses approached the thick darkness
where God was.
Idols and Altars
22 Then
the
Lord said to Moses, “Tell the Israelites this:
‘You have seen for yourselves that I have spoken to you from heaven:23 Do
not make any gods to be alongside me;
do not make for yourselves gods of silver or gods of gold.
24 “‘Make
an altar
of earth for me and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings
and fellowship offerings, your sheep and goats and your cattle. Wherever I
cause my name
to be honored, I will come to you and bless
you.25 If
you make an altar of stones for me, do not build it with dressed stones, for
you will defile it if you use a tool
on it.26 And
do not go up to my altar on steps, or your private parts
may be exposed.’
The tradition that 613 commandments (Hebrew:
תרי"ג מצוות: taryag mitzvot, "613 mitzvot") is the number
of
mitzvot in the
Torah,
began in the 3rd century CE, when Rabbi
Simlai
mentioned it in a sermon that is recorded in Talmud
Makkot
23b.
These principles of Biblical law are
sometimes called connections or commandments (mitzvot)
and referred to collectively as the "Law of Moses" (Torat Moshe,
תורת משה), "Mosaic Law", "Sinaitic Law", or simply "the Law". The
word mitzvot is plural; singular is mitzvah.
Although there have been many attempts to codify and enumerate
the commandments contained in the Torah, the traditional view is
based on
Maimonides' enumeration. The 613 commandments include "positive
commandments", to perform an act (mitzvot aseh), and "negative
commandments", to abstain from certain acts (mitzvot lo taaseh). The
negative commandments number 365, which coincides with the number of
days in the
solar year, and the positive commandments number 248, a number
ascribed to the number of
bones
and main organs in the
human body (Babylonian Talmud, Makkot 23b-24a). Though the
number 613 is mentioned in the Talmud,
its real significance increased in later medieval rabbinic
literature, including many works listing or arranged by the mitzvot.
Three types of negative commandments fall under the self-sacrificial
principle
yehareg ve'al ya'avor, meaning "One should let oneself be killed
rather than violate it". These are
murder,
idolatry, and forbidden sexual relations.
The 613 mitzvot have been divided also into three
general categories: mishpatim; edot; and chukim.
Mishpatim ("laws") include commandments that are deemed to be
self-evident, such as not to murder and not to steal. Edot
("testimonies") commemorate important events in Jewish history. For
example, the
Shabbat is said to testify to the story that
Hashem created the world in six days and rested on the seventh
day and declared it holy. Chukim ("decrees") are commandments with
no known rationale, and are perceived as pure manifestations of the
Divine will.
Many of the mitzvot cannot be observed now,
following the destruction of the
Second Temple, although they still retain religious
significance. According to one standard reckoning, there are 77
positive and 194 negative commandments that can be observed today,
of which there are 26 commands that apply only within the Land of
Israel.Furthermore, there are
some time-related commandments from which women are exempt (examples
include shofar,
sukkah,
lulav,
tzitzit and
tefillin). Some depend on the special status of a person in
Judaism (such as kohanim),
while others apply only to men or only to women.
According to the
Talmud
(tractate
Makkoth 23b),
Deut. 33:04 is to be interpreted to mean that
Moses
transmitted the "Torah" from God to the Israelites: "Moses commanded
us the Torah as an inheritance for the community of
Jacob".
The Talmud notes that the Hebrew numerical value (gematria)
of the word "Torah" is 611, and combining Moses's 611 commandments
with the first two of the
Ten Commandments which were the only ones heard directly from
God, adds up to 613. The Talmud attributes the number 613 to Rabbi
Simlai,
but other classical sages who hold this view include Rabbi
Simeon ben Azzai (Sifre, Deuteronomy 76) and Rabbi
Eleazar ben Yose the Galilean (Midrash
Aggadah to Genesis 15:1). It is quoted in
MidrashShemot Rabbah 33:7,
Bamidbar Rabbah 13:15–16; 18:21 and Talmud
Yevamot 47b.
The tzitzit ("knotted fringes") of the
tallit
("[prayer] shawl") are connected to the 613 commandments by
interpretation: principal Torah commentator
Rashi
bases the number of knots on a gematria: the word tzitzit
(Hebrew: ציצת (Biblical), ציצית, in its
Mishnaic spelling) has the value 600. Each tassel has eight
threads (when doubled over) and five sets of knots, totalling 13.
The sum of all numbers is 613. This reflects the concept that
donning a garment with tzitzit reminds its wearer of all Torah
commandments.
DISSENT AND DIFFICULTIES.
Rabbinic support for the number of commandments being 613 is not
without dissent and, even as the number gained acceptance,
difficulties arose in elucidating the list. Some rabbis declared
that this count was not an authentic tradition, or that it was not
logically possible to come up with a systematic count. No early work
of
Jewish law or Biblical commentary depended on the 613 system,
and no early systems of
Jewish principles of faith made acceptance of this
Aggadah (non-legal Talmudic statement) normative. The classical
Biblical commentator and grammarian Rabbi
Abraham ibn Ezra denied that this was an authentic rabbinic
tradition. Ibn Ezra writes "Some sages enumerate 613 mitzvot in many
diverse ways [...] but in truth there is no end to the number of
mitzvot [...] and if we were to count only the root principles [...]
the number of mitzvot would not reach 613" (Yesod Mora,
Chapter 2).
Nahmanides held that this particular counting was a matter of
rabbinic
controversy, and that rabbinic opinion on this is not unanimous.
Nonetheless, he concedes that "this total has proliferated
throughout the aggadic literature... we ought to say that it was a
tradition from Moses at
Mount Sinai", (Nahmanides, Commentary to Maimonides' Sefer
Hamitzvot'', Root Principle 1).
Rabbi
Simeon ben Zemah Duran likewise rejected the dogma of the 613 as
being the sum of the Law, saying that "perhaps the agreement that
the number of mitzvot is 613... is just Rabbi Simlai's opinion,
following his own explication of the mitzvot. And we need not rely
on his explication when we come to determine [and affect] the Law,
but rather on the Talmudic discussions" (Zohar Harakia, Lviv,
1858, p. 99).
Even when rabbis attempted to compile a list of the 613
commandments, they were faced with a number of difficulties:
Which statements were to be included amongst the 613
commandments? Every one of God's commands to any individual or
to the entire people of Israel?
Would an order from God be counted as a
commendment, for the purposes of such a list, it could only be
complied with in one place and time? Else, would such an order
only count as a commandment if it could be followed at all
times? (The latter is the view of Maimonides)
Does counting a single commandment depend on whether it
falls within one verse, even though it may contain multiple
prohibitions, or should each prohibition count as a single
commandment?
Ultimately, though, the concept of 613 commandments has become
accepted as normative amongst practicing Jews and today it is still
common practice to refer to the total system of commandments within
the Torah as the "613 commandments", even among those who do not
literally accept this count as accurate.
However, the 613 mitzvot do not constitute a formal code of
present-day
halakha. (See
Halakha: Codes of Jewish law.) The most widely recognized
code is the
Shulkhan Arukh, written by Rabbi Yosef Karo (Safed, Israel,
1550). For Sephardic Jewry, this is generally the accepted code.
Ashkenazim, however, customarily follow the glosses appended to the
Shulchan Arukh by Rabbi
Moses Isserles. The
Kitzur Shulkhan Arukh of Rabbi
Shlomo Ganzfried (Hungary
1804 -1886) is also popular among Ashkenazic Jews. Although it is
often criticized, it contains an overview of the rules of
Ashkenazi Jewish life according to the
minhagim followed by
Hungarian Jewry. This is why it is not accepted by all
Ashkenazic rabbinic authorities. However,
Maimonides did write his
Mishneh Torah while keeping in mind all of the 613 mitzvot.
Works enumerating the commandments
There is no single definitive list that explicates the 613
commandments. Lists differ, for example, in how they interpret
passages in the
Torah
that may be read as dealing with several cases under a single law or
several separate laws. Other "commandments" in the Torah are
restricted as one-time acts, and would not be considered as
"mitzvot" binding on other persons. In
rabbinic literature,
Rishonim and later scholars composed to articulate and justify
their enumeration of the commandments:
Sefer ha-Mitzvoth ("Book of Commandments") by Rabbi
Saadia Gaon is the earliest extant enumeration of the 613
mitzvot. Written during the period of the
Geonim, Saadia's work is a simple list (though it was later
expanded by Rabbi
Yerucham Fishel Perlow.)
Sefer Hamitzvot ("Book of Commandments") by
Maimonides, with a commentary by
Nachmanide Maimonides employs a set of fourteen rules (shorashim)
which determine inclusion into the list. In this work, he
supports his specification of each mitzvah through quotations
from the midrash halakha and the
Gemara. Nachmanides makes a number of critical points and
replaces some items of the list with others
Sefer ha-Chinnuch ("Book of Education"). This work
generally follows Maimonides' reckoning of the 613 commandments.
It is written in the order in which the commandments appear in
the Torah rather than an arrangement by category (as in
Maimonides' work.) In addition to enumerating the commandments
and giving a brief overview of relevant laws, the Sefer
ha-Chinuch also tries to explain the philosophical reasons
behind the mitzvot. It has been attributed to various authors,
most commonly Rabbi
Aaron ha-Levi of
Barcelona (the Ra'ah), though its true authorship is
unknown.
Sefer ha-Mitzvoth ha-Katan or SMaK ("Small book of
Commandments") by Rabbi
Isaac of Corbeil. This work was written in the form of a
poem, divided into seven sections and intended to be read each
week. While Isaac's work is fairly short, most editions contain
lengthy commentaries. Like the Chafetz Chaim's enumeration, the
SMaK deals only with those mitzvot applicable today.
Sefer ha-Mitzvoth by Rabbi
Yisrael Meir Kagan (the "Chafetz Chaim"). The Chafetz
Chaim's work follows the reckoning of Maimonides but gives only
the commandments relevant today. Notably, this listing omits
commandments regarding temple service, ritual purity,
sacrifices, and so on. Though the original work included only
those commandments relevant in all places and at all times,
later editions include agricultural laws relevant today only in
the
Land of Israel.
Maimonides'
list
The following are the 613 commandments and the source of their
derivation from the
Hebrew Bible as enumerated by
Maimonides:
Maimonides'
list sorted by occurrence in the Torah
Deut. 23:19 — Not to offer animals bought with the
wages of a harlot or the animal exchanged for a dog.
Some interpret "exchanged for a dog" as referring to
wage of a male prostitute.[10][11]
Not to offer a temporarily blemished animal —
Deut. 17:1
Not to sacrifice blemished animals even if offered by
non-Jews —
Lev. 22:25
Not to inflict wounds upon dedicated animals —
Lev. 22:21
To redeem dedicated animals which have become disqualified —
Deut. 12:15
To offer only animals which are at least eight days old —
Lev. 22:27
Not to offer animals bought with the wages of a harlot or
the animal exchanged for a dog. Some interpret "exchange for a
dog" as referring to wage of a male prostitute.[10][11]
—
Deut. 23:19
Jump up ^Israel Drazi (2009). Maimonides and the Biblical Prophets.
Gefen Publishing House Ltd. p. 209.
Jump up ^As stated by the
Jewish Virtual Library: "There is also complete
agreement that these 613 mitzvot can be broken down
into 248 positive mitzvot (one for each bone and
organ of the male body) and 365 negative mitzvot (one
for each day of the solar year)."
^
Jump up to: abFootnote to Deut. 23:19, The
Catholic Study Bible, Second Edition, Oxford University
Press, 2011
Bibliography
Eisenberg, Ronald L. The 613 Mitzvot: A Contemporary
Guide to the Commandments of Judaism Schreiber Publishing,
2005.
ISBN 0-88400-303-5
Moses Maimonides, translation by Charles Ber Chavel and
Moses ibn Tibbon. The book of divine commandments (the Sefer
Ha-mitzvoth of Moses Maimonides) London: Soncino Press,
1940.
mitzvot, or commandments, given by God
to the Jewish people. There are a number of
debates as to which commandments are
included in the 613, this breakdown is
according to Sefer Hamitzvot of the
Rambam. This breakdown divides the
commandments in 248 positive and 365
negative mitzvot.
248 Positive Mitzvot
P1: Believing in Gd
P2: Unity of Gd
P3: Loving Gd
P4: Fearing Gd
P5: Worshiping Gd
P6: Cleaving to Gd
P7: Taking an oath by Gd's Name
P8: Walking in Gd's ways
P9: Sanctifying Gd's Name
P10: Reading the Shema twice daily
P11: Studying and teaching Torah
P12: Wearing Tephillin of the head
P13: Wearing Tephillin of the hand
P14: To make Tzitzis
P15: To affix a Mezuzah
P16: Hakhel during Sukkos
P17: A king should write a Torah
P18: Everyone should write a Torah
P19: Grace after meals
P20: Building a Sanctuary for Gd
P21: Revering the Beis Hamikdosh
P22: Guarding the Mikdosh
P23: Levitical services in the Mikdosh
P24: Ablutions of the Kohanim
P25: Kindling the lamps by the Kohanim
P26: Kohanim blessing Israel
P27: The Showbread
P28: Burning the Incense
P29: The perpetual fire on the Altar
P30: Removing the ashes from the Altar
P31: Removing tameh persons from the camp
P32: Honoring the Kohanim
P33: The Priestly garments
P34: Kohanim bearing the Ark on their
shoulders
P35: The oil of the Anointment
P36: Kohanim ministering in watches
P37: Kohanim defiling themselves for
deceased relatives
P38: Kohein Gadol should only marry a
virgin
P39: Daily Burnt Offerings
P40: Kohein Gadol's daily Meal Offering
P41: The Shabbos Additional Offering
P42: The New Moon Additional Offering
P43: The Pesach Additional Offering
P44: The Meal Offering of the Omer
P45: The Shavuos Additional Offering
P46: Bring Two Loaves on Shavuos
P47: The Rosh Hashana Additional Offering
P48: The Yom Kippur Additional Offering
P49: The Service of Yom Kippur
P50: The Sukkos Offering
P51: The Shemini Atzeret Additional
Offering
P52: The three annual pilgrimages
P53: Appearing before the Lrd during the
Festivals
P54: Rejoicing on the Festivals
P55: Slaughtering the Pesach Offering
P56: Eating the Pesach Offering
P57: Slaughtering the Pesach Sheini
Offering
P58: Eating the Pesach Sheini Offering
P59: Blowing the trumpets in the
Sanctuary
P60: Minimum age of cattle to be offered
P61: Offering only unblemished sacrifices
P62: Bringing salt with every offering
P63: The BurntOffering
P64: The SinOffering
P65: The GuiltOffering
P66: The PeaceOffering
P67: The MealOffering
P68: Offerings of a Court that has erred
P69: The Fixed SinOffering
P70: The Suspensive GuiltOffering
P71: The Unconditional GuiltOffering
P72: The Offering of a Higher or Lower
Value
P73: Making confession
P74: Offering brought by a zav (man with
a discharge)
P75: Offering brought by a zavah (woman
with a discharge)
P76: Offering of a woman after childbirth
P77: Offering brought by a leper
P78: Tithe of Cattle
P79: Sanctifying the Firstborn
P80: Redeeming the Firstborn
P81: Redeeming the firstling of a donkey
P82: Breaking the neck of the firstling
of a donkey
P83: Bringing due offerings on the first
festival
P84: All offerings to be brought to the
Sanctuary
P85: Bring all offerings due from outside
Eretz Yisrael to Sanctuary
P86: Redeeming blemished offerings
P87: Holiness of substituted offerings
P88: Kohanim eat the residue of the Meal
Offerings
P89: Kohanim eat the meat of the
Consecrated Offerings
P90: To burn Consecrated Offerings that
have become tameh
P91: To burn the remnant of the
Consecrated Offerings
P92: The Nazir letting his hair grow
P93: Nazirite obligations on completion
of vow
P94: All oral submissions to be fulfilled
P95: Revocation of vows
P96: Defilement through carcasses of
animals
P97: Defilement through carcasses of
eight creeping creatures
P98: Defilement of food and drink
P99: Tumah of a menstruant
P100: Tumah of a woman after childbirth
P101: Tumah of a leper
P102: Garments contaminated by leprosy
P103: A leprous house
P104: Tumah of a zav (man with a
discharge)
P105: Tumah of semen
P106: Tumah of a zavah (woman with a
discharge)
P107: Tumah of a corpse
P108: The law of the water of sprinkling
P109: Immersing in a mikveh
P110: Cleansing from Leprosy
P111: A leper must shave his head
P112: The leper must be made
distinguishable
P113: Ashes of the Red Heifer
P114: Valuation of a person
P115: Valuation of beasts
P116: Valuation of houses
P117: Valuation of fields
P118: Restitution for Sacrilege
P119: The fruits of the fourthyear
planting
P120: To leave the corners (Peah) for the
poor
P121: To leave gleanings for the poor
P122: To leave the forgotten sheaf for
the poor
P123: To leave defective grape clusters
for the poor
P124: To leave grape gleanings for the
poor
P125: To bring Firstfruits to the
Sanctuary
P126: To set aside the great
Heaveoffering
P127: To set aside the first tithe
P128: To set aside the second tithe
P129: The Levites' tithe for the Kohanim
P130: To set aside the poorman's tithe
in the third and sixth year
P131: The avowal of the tithe
P132: Recital on bringing the
Firstfruits
P133: To set aside the Challah for the
Kohein
P134: Renouncing as ownerless produce of
the Sabbatical year
P135: Resting the land on the Sabbatical
year
P136: Sanctifying the Jubilee year
P137: Blowing the Shofar in the Jubilee
year
P138: Reversion of the land in the
Jubilee year
P139: Redemption of property in a walled
city
P140: Counting the years till the Jubilee
year
P141: Canceling monetary claims in the
Sabbatical year
P142: Exacting debts from idolaters
P143: The Kohein's due in the slaughter
of every clean animal
P144: The first of the fleece to be given
to the Kohein
P145: Devoted thing to Gd and the Kohein
P146: Slaughtering animals before eating
them
P147: Covering the blood of slain birds
and animals
P148: Releasing the mother before taking
the nest
P149: Searching for the prescribed signs
in cattle and animals
P150: Searching for the prescribed signs
in birds
P151: Searching for the prescribed signs
in grasshoppers
P152: Searching for the prescribed signs
in fishes
P153: Determining the New Moon
P154: Resting on Shabbos
P155: Proclaiming the sanctity of Shabbos
P156: Removal of chometz on Pesach
P157: Recounting Exodus from Egypt on
first night of Pesach
P158: Eating Matzah on the first night of
Pesach
P159: Resting on the first day of Pesach
P160: Resting on the seventh day of
Pesach
P161: Counting the Omer
P162: Resting on Shavuos
P163: Resting on Rosh Hashana
P164: Fasting on Yom Kippur
P165: Resting on Yom Kippur
P166: Resting on the first day of Sukkos
P167: Resting on Shemini Atzeret
P168: Dwelling in a Sukkah for seven days
P169: Taking a Lulav on Sukkos
P170: Hearing a Shofar on Rosh Hashana
P171: Giving half a shekel annually
P172: Heeding the Prophets
P173: Appointing a King
P174: Obeying the Great Court
P175: Abiding by a majority decision
P176: Appointing Judges and Officers of
the Court
P177: Treating litigants equally before
the law
P178: Testifying in Court
P179: Inquiring into the testimony of
witnesses
P180: Condemning witnesses who testify
falsely
P181: Eglah Arufah
P182: Establishing Six Cities of Refuge
P183: Assigning cities to the Levi'im
P184: Building fences on roof; and
removing sources of danger from our
dwellings
P185: Destroying all idolworship
P186: The law of the apostate city
P187: The law of the Seven Nations
P188: The extinction of the seed of
Amalek
P189: Remembering the nefarious deeds of
Amalek
P190: The law of the nonobligatory war
P191: Appoint a Kohein to speak to the
people going to war and send back any man
unfit for battle
P192: Preparing a place beyond the camp
P193: Including a digging tool among war
implements
P194: A robber to restore the stolen
article
P195: To give charity
P196: Lavishing gifts on a Hebrew bondman
on his freedom
P197: Lending money to the poor
P198: Lending money to the heathen with
interest
P199: Restoring a pledge to a needy owner
P200: Paying wages on time
P201: An employee is allowed to eat the
produce he's working in
P202: Unloading a tired animal
P203: Assisting the owner in loading his
burden
P204: Returning lost property to its
owner
P205: Rebuking the sinner
P206: Loving our Fellow Jew
P207: Loving the convert
P208: The law of weights and measures
P209: Honoring scholars
P210: Honoring parents
P211: Fearing parents
P212: Be fruitful and multiply
P213: The law of marriage
P214: Bridegroom devotes himself to his
wife for one year
P215: Circumcising one's son
P216: Law of the Levirite Marriage
P217: Law of Chalitzah
P218: A violator must marry the maiden he
has violated
P219: The law of the defamer of his bride
P220: The law of the seducer
P221: The law of the captive woman
P222: The law of divorce
P223: The law of a suspected adulteress
P224: Whipping transgressors of certain
commandments
P225: The law of unintentional
manslaughter
P226: Beheading transgressors of certain
commandments
P227: Strangling transgressors of certain
commandments
P228: Burning transgressors of certain
commandments
P229: Stoning transgressors of certain
commandments
P230: Hanging after execution,
transgressors of certain commandments
P231: Burial on the day of execution
P232: The law of the Hebrew bondman
P233: Hebrew bondmaid to be married by
her master or his son
P234: Redemption of a Hebrew bondmaid
P235: The law of a Canaanite bondman
P236: Penalty of inflicting injury
P237: The law of injuries caused by an ox
P238: The law of injuries caused by an
pit
P239: The law of theft
P240: The law of damage caused by a beast
P241: The law of damage caused by a fire
P242: The law of an unpaid bailee
P243: The law of a paid bailee
P244: The law of a borrower
P245: The law of buying and selling
P246: The law of litigants
P247: Saving the life of the pursued
P248: The law of inheritance
365 Negative Mitzvot
N1: Not believing in any other Gd
N2: Not to make images for the purpose of
worship
N3: Not to make an idol (even for others)
to worship
N4: Not to make figures of human beings
N5: Not to bow down to an idol
N6: Not to worship idols
N7: Not to hand over any children to
Moloch
N8: Not to practice sorcery of the ov
N9: Not to practice sorcery of the
yidde'oni
N10: Not to study idolatrous practices
N11: Not to erect a pillar which people
will assemble to honor
N12: Not to make figured stones on which
to prostrate ourselves
N13: Not to plant trees in the Sanctuary
N14: Not to swear by an idol
N15: Not to divert people to idolatry
N16: Not to try to persuade an Israelite
to worship idols
N17: Not to love someone who seeks to
mislead you to idols
N18: Not to relax one's aversion to the
misleader
N19: Not to save the life of a misleader
N20: Not to plead for the misleader
N21: Not to oppress evidence unfavorable
to the misleader
N22: No benefit from ornaments which have
adorned an idol
N23: Not rebuilding an apostate city
N24: Not deriving benefit from property
of an apostate city
N25: Not increasing wealth from anything
connected with idolatry
N26: Not prophesying in the name of an
idol
N27: Not prophesying falsely
N28: Not to listen to the prophesy made
in the name of an idol
N29: Not fearing or refraining from
killing a false prophet
N30: Not adopting the habits and customs
of unbelievers
N31: Not practicing divination
N32: Not regulating one's conduct by the
stars
N33: Not practicing the art of the
soothsayer
N34: Not practicing sorcery
N35: Not practicing the art of the
charmer
N36: Not consulting a necromancer who
uses the ov
N37: Not consulting a sorcerer who uses
the ydo'a
N38: Not to seek information from the
dead
N39: Women not to wear men's clothes or
adornments
N40: Men not wearing women's clothes or
adornments
N41: Not imprinting any marks on our
bodies
N42: Not wearing Shatnes (mixture of wool
and linen)
N43: Not shaving the temples of the head
N44: Not shaving the beard
N45: Not making cuttings in our flesh
N46: Not settling in the land of Egypt
N47: Not to follow one's heart or eyes
N48: Not to make a covenant with the
Seven Nations of Canaan
N49: Not to spare the life of the Seven
Nations
N50: Not to show mercy to idolaters
N51: Not to allow idolaters to settle in
our land
N52: Not to intermarry with a heretic
N53: Not to intermarry with a male from
Ammon or Moav
N54: Not to exclude the descendants of
Esav
N55: Not to exclude the descendants of
Egyptians
N56: Not offering peace to Ammon and Moav
N57: Not destroying fruit trees in time
of siege
N58: Not fearing heretics in time of war
N59: Not forgetting what Amalek did to us
N60: Not blaspheming the Great Name
N61: Not violating a shevuas bittui (oath
of utterance)
N62: Not swearing a shevuas shav (vain
oath)
N63: Not profaning the Name of Gd
N64: Not testing His promises and
warnings
N65: Not to break down houses of worship
or to destroy holy books
N66: Not leaving the body of an executed
criminal hanging overnight
N67: Not to interrupt the watch over the
Sanctuary
N68: Kohein Gadol may not enter Sanctuary
at any but prescribed times
N69: Kohein with blemish not to enter
Sanctuary from Altar inwards
N70: Kohein with a blemish not to
minister in the Sanctuary
N71: Kohein with a temporary blemish not
to minister in Sanctuary
N72: Levites and Kohanim not perform each
other's allotted services
N73: Not to be intoxicated when entering
Sanctuary; and not to be intoxicated when
giving a decision on Torah law
N74: Zar (nonkohein) not to minister in
Sanctuary
N75: Tameh Kohein not to minister in
Sanctuary
N76: Kohein who is tevul yom, not to
minister in Sanctuary
N77: Tameh person not to enter any part
of Sanctuary
N78: Tameh person not to enter camp of
Levites
N79: Not to build an Altar of stones
which were touched by iron
N80: Not to ascend the Altar by steps
N81: Not to extinguish the Altar fire
N82: Not to offer any sacrifice whatever
on the Golden Altar
N83: Not to make oil like the Oil of
Anointment
N84: Not anoint anyone with special oil
except Kohein Gadol and King
N85: Not to make incense like used in
Sanctuary
N86: Not to remove the staves from their
rings in the Ark
N87: Not to remove the Breastplate from
the Ephod
N88: Not to tear the edge of the Kohein
Gadol's robe
N89: Not to offer sacrifices outside the
Sanctuary Court
N90: Not to slaughter holy offerings
outside the Sanctuary Court
N91: Not to dedicate a blemished animal
to be offered on the Altar
N92: Not to slaughter a blemished animal
as a korban
N93: Not to dash the blood of a blemished
beast on the Altar
N94: Not to burn the sacrificial portions
of blemished beast on Altar
N95: Not to sacrifice a beast with a
temporary blemish
N96: Not to offer a blemished sacrifice
of a gentile
N97: Not to cause an offering to become
blemished
N98: Not to offer leaven or honey upon
the Altar
N99: Not to offer a sacrifice without
salt
N100: Not to offer on Altar the "hire of
a harlot" or "price of a dog"
N101: Not to slaughter the mother and her
young on the same day
N102: Not to put olive oil on the
mealoffering of a sinner
N103: Not to put frankincense the
mealoffering of a sinner
N104: Not mingle olive oil with
mealoffering of suspected adulteress
N105: Not put frankincense on
mealoffering of suspected adulteress
N106: Not to change a beast that has been
consecrated as an offering
N107: Not to change one's holy offering
for another
N108: Not to redeem the firstling (of a
clean beast)
N109: Not to sell the tithe of cattle
N110: Not to sell devoted property
N111: Not redeem devoted land without
specific statement of purpose
N112: Not to sever the head of the bird
of Sinoffering during melikah
N113: Not to do any work with a dedicated
beast
N114: Not to shear a dedicated beast
N115: Not slaughter the Korban Pesach
while chometz in our possession
N116: Not leave any sacrificial portions
of Korban Pesach overnight
N117: Not allow meat of Korban Pesach to
remain till morning
N118: Not allow meat of 14 Nissan
Festival Offering remain till day 3:
N119: Not allow meat of Pesach Sheini
offering to remain till morning
N120: Not allow meat of thanksgiving
offering to remain till morning
N121: Not to break any bones of Pesach
offering
N122: Not to break any bones of Pesach
Sheini offering
N123: Not to remove Pesach offering from
where it is eaten
N124: Not to bake the residue of a meal
offering with leaven
N125: Not to eat the Pesach offering
boiled or raw
N126: Not to allow a ger toshav to eat
the Pesach offering
N127: An uncircumcised person may not eat
the Pesach offering
N128: Not to allow an apostate Israelite
to eat the Pesach offering
N129: Tameh person may not eat hallowed
food
N130: Not to eat meat of consecrated
offerings which have become tameh
N131: Not eating nosar (beyond allotted
time)
N132: Not eating piggul (improper
intentions)
N133: A zar may not eat terumah
N134: A Kohein's tenant or hired servant
may not eat terumah
N135: An uncircumcised Kohein may not eat
terumah
N136: Tameh Kohein may not eat terumah
N137: A chalalah may not eat holy food
N138: Not to eat the mealoffering of a
Kohein
N139: Not eat Sinoffering meat whose
blood was brought into Sanctuary
N140: Not to eat the invalidated
consecrated offerings
N141: Not to eat unredeemed 2nd tithe of
corn outside Yerushalayim
N142: Not consuming unredeemed 2nd tithe
of wine outside Yerushalayim
N143: Not consuming unredeemed 2nd tithe
of oil outside Yerushalayim
N144: Not eating an unblemished firstling
outside Yerushalayim
N145: Not eat sinoffering and
guiltoffering outside Sanctuary court
N146: Not to eat the meat of a burnt
offering
N147: Not eat lesser holy offerings
before blood dashed on Altar
N148: A zar not to eat the most holy
offerings
N149: Kohein not to eat first fruits
outside Yerushalayim
N150: Not eating an unredeemed tameh 2nd
tithe, even in Yerushalayim
N151: Not eating the 2nd tithe in
mourning
N152: Not spend 2nd tithe redemption
money, except on food and drink
N153: Not eating tevel(produce
heaveoffering and tithes not taken)
N154: Not altering the prescribed order
of harvest tithing
N155: Not to delay payment of vows
N156: Not to appear in Sanctuary on
festival without sacrifice
N157: Not to infringe on any oral
obligation, even if without an oath
N158: Kohein may not marry a zonah
N159: Kohein may not marry a chalalah
N160: Kohein may not marry a divorcee
N161: Kohein Gadol may not marry a widow
N162: Kohein Gadol may not have relations
with a widow
N163: Kohein with disheveled hair may not
enter the Sanctuary
N164: Kohein wearing rent garments may
not enter Sanctuary
N165: Ministering Kohanim may not leave
the Sanctuary
N166: Common Kohein may not defile
himself for dead (except some)
N167: Kohein Gadol may not be under one
roof with dead body
N168: Kohein Gadol may not defile himself
for any dead person
N169: Levites may not take a share of the
land
N170: Levites may not share in the spoil
on conquest of the Land
N171: Not to tear out hair for the dead
N172: Not to eat any unclean animal
N173: Not to eat any unclean fish
N174: Not to eat any unclean fowl
N175: Not to eat any swarming winged
insect
N176: Not to eat anything which swarms on
the earth
N177: Not to eat any creeping thing that
breeds in decayed matter
N178: Not to eat living creatures that
breed in seeds or fruit
N179: Not to eat any swarming thing
N180: Not to eat any animal which is a
nevelah
N181: Not to eat an animal which is a
treifah
N182: Not to eat a limb of a living
animal
N183: Not to eat the gid hanasheh (sinew
of the thighvein)
N184: Not to eat blood
N185: Not to eat the fat of a clean
animal
N186: Not to cook meat in milk
N187: Not to eat meat cooked in milk
N188: Not to eat the flesh of a stoned ox
N189: Not to eat bread made from grain of
new crop
N190: Not to eat roasted grain of the new
crop
N191: Not to eat fresh ears of grain
N192: Not to eat orlah
N193: Not to eat kilai hakerem
N194: Not to drink yayin nesach (libation
wine for idol worship)
N195: No eating or drinking to excess
N196: Not to eat on Yom Kippur
N197: Not to eat chometz on Pesach
N198: Not to eat an admixture of chometz
on Pesach
N199: Not to eat chometz after noon of 14
Nissan
N200: No chametz may be seen in our homes
during Pesach
N201: Not to possess chametz during
Pesach
N202: A Nazir may not drink wine
N203: A Nazir may not eat fresh grapes
N204: A Nazir may not eat dried grapes
N205: A Nazir may not eat grape kernels
N206: A Nazir may not eat grape husks
N207: A Nazir may not rend himself tameh
for the dead
N208: A Nazir may not rend himself tameh
by entering house with corpse
N209: A Nazir may not shave
N210: Not to reap all harvest without
leaving a corner for the poor
N211: Not to gather ears of corn that
fell during harvesting
N212: Not to gather the whole produce of
vineyard at vintage time
N213: Not to gather single fallen grapes
during the vintage
N214: Not to return for a forgotten sheaf
N215: Not to sow kilayim (diverse kinds
of seed in one field)
N216: Not to sow grain or vegetables in a
vineyard
N217: Not to make animals of different
species
N218: Not to work with two different
kinds of animals together
N219: Not preventing a beast from eating
the produce where working
N220: Not to cultivate the soil in the
seventh year
N221: Not to prune the trees in the
seventh year
N222: Not reap a selfgrown plant in the
7th year as in ordinary year
N223: Not gather selfgrown fruit in the
7th year as in ordinary year
N224: Not to cultivate the soil in the
Jubilee year
N225: Not to reap the aftergrowths of
Jubilee year as in ordinary year
N226: Not to gather fruit in Jubilee year
as in ordinary year
N227: Not to sell out holdings in Eretz
Israel in perpetuity
N228: No to sell the open lands of the
Levites
N229: Not to forsake the Levites
N230: Not to demand payment of debts
after Shmitah year
N231: Not to withhold a loan to be
canceled by the Shmitah year
N232: Failing to give charity to our
needy brethren
N233: Not sending a Hebrew bondman away
emptyhanded
N234: Not demanding payment from a debtor
known unable to pay
N235: Not lending at interest
N236: Not borrowing at interest
N237: Not participating in a loan at
interest
N238: Not oppressing an employee by
delaying payment of his wages
N239: Not taking a pledge from a debtor
by force
N240: Not keeping a needed pledge from
its owner
N241: Not taking a pledge from a widow
N242: Not taking food utensils in pledge
N243: Not abducting an Israelite
N244: Not stealing money
N245: Not committing robbery
N246: Not fraudulently altering land
boundaries
N247: Not usurping our debts
N248: Not repudiating our debts
N249: Not to swear falsely in repudiating
our debts
N250: Not wronging one another in
business
N251: Not wronging one another by speech
N252: Not wronging a proselyte by speech
N253: Not wronging a proselyte in
business
N254: Not handing over a fugitive bondman
N255: Not wronging a fugitive bondman
N256: Not dealing harshly with orphans
and widows
N257: Not employing a Hebrew bondman in
degrading tasks
N258: Not selling a Hebrew bondman by
public auction
N259: Not having a Hebrew bondman do
unnecessary work
N260: Not allowing a heathen to mistreat
a Hebrew bondman
N261: Not selling a Hebrew bondmaid
N262: Not to afflict one's wife or
espoused Hebrew bondmaid by diminishing
food, raiment or conjugal rights
N263: Not selling a captive woman
N264: Not enslaving a captive woman
N265: Not planning to acquire someone
else's property
N266: Not coveting another's belongings
N267: A hired laborer not eating growing
crops
N268: A hired laborer not putting of the
harvest in his own vessel
N269: Not ignoring lost property
N270: Not leaving a person who is trapped
under his burden
N271: Not cheating in measurements and
weights
N272: Not keeping false weights and
measures
N273: Judge not to commit unrighteousness
N274: Judge not accept gifts from
litigants
N275: Judge not to favor a litigant
N276: Judge not avoid just judgement
through fear of a wicked person
N277: Judge not to decide in favor of
poor man, out of pity
N278: Judge not to pervert justice
against person of evil repute
N279: Judge not to pity one who has
killed or caused loss of limb
N280: Judge not perverting justice due to
proselytes or orphans
N281: Judge not to listen to one litigant
in absence of the other
N282: A court may not convict by a
majority of one in a capital case
N283: A judge may not rely on the opinion
of a fellow judge, or may not argue for
conviction after favoring acquittal
N284: Not appointing an unlearned judge
N285: Not bearing false witness
N286: Judge not to receive a wicked man's
testimony
N287: Judge not to receive testimony from
litigant's relatives
N288: Not convicting on the testimony of
a single witness
N289: Not killing a human being
N290: No capital punishment based on
circumstantial evidence
N291: A witness not acting as an advocate
N292: Not killing a murderer without
trial
N293: Not sparing the life of a pursuer
N294: Not punishing a person for a sin
committed under duress
N295: Not accepting ransom from an
unwitting murderer
N296: Not accepting a ransom from a
wilful murderer
N297: Not neglecting to save the life of
an Israelite in danger
N298: Not leaving obstacles on public or
private domain
N299: Not giving misleading advice
N300: Not inflicting excessive corporal
punishment
N301: Not to bear tales
N302: Not to hate another Jew
N303: Not to put another to shame
N304: Not to take vengeance on another
N305: Not to bear a grudge
N306: Not to take the entire bird's nest
(mother and young)
N307: Not to shave the scall
N308: Not to cut or cauterize signs of
leprosy
N309: Not ploughing a valley where Eglah
Arufah was done
N310: Not permitting a sorcerer to live
N311: Not taking bridegroom from home
during first year
N312: Not to differ from traditional
authorities
N313: Not to add to the Written or Oral
Law
N314: Not to detract from the Written or
Oral Law
N315: Not detracting from the Written or
Oral law
N316: Not to curse a ruler
N317: Not to curse any Israelite
N318: Not cursing parents
N319: Not smiting parents
N320: Not to work on Shabbos
N321: Not to go beyond city limits on
Shabbos
N322: Not to punish on Shabbos
N323: Not to work on the first day of
Pesach
N324: Not to work on the seventh day of
Pesach
N325: Not to work on Atzeret
N326: Not to work on Rosh Hashana
N327: Not to work on the first day of
Sukkos
N328: Not to work on Shemini Atzeret
N329: Not to work on Yom Kippur
N330: Not have relations with one's
mother
N331: Not have relations with one's
father's wife
N332: Not have relations with one's
sister
N333: Not have relations with daughter of
father's wife if sister
N334: Not have relations with one's son's
daughter
N335: Not have relations with one's
daughter's daughter
N336: Not have relations with one's
daughter
N337: Not have relations with a woman and
her daughter
N338: Not have relations with a woman and
her son's daughter
N339: Not have relations with a woman and
her daughter's daughter
N340: Not have relations with one's
father's sister
N341: Not have relations with one's
mother's sister
N342: Not have relations with wife of
father's brother
N343: Not have relations with one's son's
wife
N344: Not have relations with brother's
wife
N345: Not have relations with sister of
wife (during her lifetime)
N346: Not to have relations with a
menstruant
N347: Not to have relations with another
man's wife
N348: Men may not lie with beasts
N349: Women may not lie with beasts
N350: A man may not lie carnally with
another man
N351: A man may not lie carnally with his
father
N352: A man may not lie carnally with his
father's brother
N353: Not to be intimate with a kinswoman
N354: A mamzer may not have relations
with a Jewess
N355: Not having relations with a woman
without marriage
N356: Not remarrying one's divorced wife
after she has remarried
N357: Not having relations with woman
subject to Levirate marriage
N358: Not divorcing woman he has raped
and been compelled to marry
N359: Not divorcing a woman after falsely
bringing evil name on her
N360: Man incapable of procreation not to
marry a Jewess