TSUNAMI IN OUR FUTURE?

compiled by Dee Finney

updated 2-9-05

also see: 

http://www.greatdreams.com/japan_quake_nov_2006.htm
and

http://www.greatdreams.com/earthquake/japan-2011-quake.html
and
http://www.greatdreams.com/blog-2012/dee-blog197.html
 

Disaster Toll  300,000 +
1900 Americans Missing
Estimates are that over 400,000 died and the bodies will not be recovered

We should never forget these people!

See: http://www.coreykoberg.com/Tsunami/

BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA - BEFORE PHOTO - 12-26-04

BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA - AFTER PHOTO - 12-26-04

Navy pictures of tsunami earthquake seabed revealed
(Filed: 09/02/2005)

Tsunami factfile

The Royal Navy has released pictures of the seabed at the epicentre of the devastating Indian Ocean earthquake that caused the Boxing Day tsunami.

HMS Scott's survey of the seabed, where the water varies in depth around the epicentre between 1,000 and 5,000 metres, will provide the "base map" for research into how earthquakes work and how they produce tsunamis.

Steve Malcolm, the ship's commanding officer, said the earthquake happened when two of the Earth's tectonic plates clashed "like the rumpling up of a carpet".

This caused ridges on the seabed which forced sea water to travel upwards, creating the devastating killer tsunami.

He said he hoped the survey would give a warning as to when this could happen again "with the aim of removing the likelihood of such a terrible loss of life".

The commander said it was hoped the Indonesian government would permit the release of as much information as possible to the wider local community "to give warning to prevent such a tragedy happening again".

More than 250,000 people are believed to have died in the tsunami giant waves that swept around the Indian Ocean rim.

The epicentre lies within the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone but, after negotiations, the Indonesian government agreed to allow the survey.

HMS Scott's survey, now two-thirds of the way through, is due to come to an end on February 15. Other surveys are expected to then carry on as part of an international effort to get a better understanding of the region's geophysics.

 

I admit it. This scared me.
 
10-19-04 - I was laying awake in bed and heard a bell ring in my right ear.
I said, "I'm ready for a message"
I promptly fell asleep.
 
DREAM
 
I was looking at a computer screen that showed a list of bids I made on ebay. The dates on the bids ranged from October 1, 2003 through October 3, 2003 and beyond
 
The computer highlighted October 3, 2003, did some calculations and then a box appeared underneath it and the word  APPROVED appeared in it.
 
Then the computer did some more calculations and signed me off of AOL, and left a box beneath it for me to sign back on to AOL to activate whatever had been approved.
 
I went to tell Joe about it because I was scared to sign back onto AOL and activate something I didn't know what I was bidding on.
 
We went for a ride in the car and we found ourselves at the intersection of 172nd and Beloit Rds. in Wisconsin where I used to live. This is a purely country scene, with fields on all four corners normally.
 
I saw a car coming towards us going East and we were going West. I told Joe to back up across the intersection to see if we could tell what year it was.
 
So Joe backed up the car and we crossed the intersection backwards. I was stunned to see a brand new barn with a brand new green car parked in front of it. It was on the SE corner of the intersection.
 
I said to Joe, "What is the address of that building?" I saw the numbers above the door on the building change to white and they became "1011"
 
We were at home then, standing by Joe's desk. Joe pulled out a map and unrolled it. The map was a computer generated model map of a Tsunami - starting at one spot and spreading across the ocean.
 
NOTE: I don't know which ocean it was in. (Possibly SE?)
 
I did a search on google.com for 1011 water ocean tsunami. This is what came up:
 
I also did a search for my October 2003 dreams. 
 
I had bad water/flood dreams on October 5th, 2003
http://www.greatdreams.com/oct2003.htm

NOTE: It came to me later that ebay might mean East Bay

 
Dee777@aol.com wrote:

In a message dated 10/19/2004 4:31:18 PM Pacific Standard Time, Dee777 writes:

This dream scared me.  I hope it doesn't come true.

Here are the details.

**Sorry I didn't get a chance to email last night, but I had lots and lots of studying to do.....so....I didn't get a chance to email and tell you about the dream I had had. (not last night, but the night before) and I'm sorry to say, that after reading your dream, now my dream (which was very scary also) makes sense.

In my dream, it seemed that John and I had rented a summer home on a beach somewhere (something I would never ordinarily do, because I don't feel having any type of home on a beach is safe...but....I digress .

We had our kids with us, and it seemed to be a typical day you would expect to have at a beach.  All of a sudden, the sky started to turn a very dark ugly shade of gray, it began to rain, and the wind started blowing.   I called the kids to come in.  They had just come into the house, when the house suddenly shook, and then swayed slightly.  I looked out the window, and saw that the water was rising rapidly up from the beach.  Then the house swayed again, as if it were being lifted off of it's foundation. 

By now, water was rising up through the floorboards.  I yelled to  the kids to get out of the house, because I could tell that the house was about to start floating.  The kids got out and were standing on the porch, but were scared because the house was starting to be surrounded by water.  Then I saw that there was still a place towards the back of the  house that wasn't surrounded by water yet, so I told them to go in that direction, and then run up hill as fast as they could.  My daughter was afraid and didn't want to follow her brothers....by now, the water was rising higher, and the house lurched again...I looked up the beach and saw that other houses were in similar straits...we were all about to become islands.....!  So, I grabbed my daughter's hand and we ran to the back of the house, jumped into the water that was starting to rise there, and made it to safety.  When I looked back, our house, and the others were starting to sway, and some looked like they were already floating. My husband was upset because were about to lose everything we owned, but the only thing I was really upset about was losing my family photo albums and my books.  I was just glad to be safe...then I woke up......**

Love & Hope


Mary
The only permanent tsunami warning system in operation at the present time is that operated for the entire Pacific basin by the United States National Weather Service, based at the Tsunami Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii. Since 1965, it has operated under the auspices of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, which in 1966 set up an "International Coordination Group for the Tsunami Warning System in the Pacific." As of March 1975, this group comprised the following countries: Canada, Chile, China, Ecuador, France, Guatemala, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Peru, the Philippines, Thailand, the United States and the Soviet Union.

Nature of Tsunami

The waves created by a sudden disturbance in the ocean are known as tsunami*. Typical causes are earthquakes and underwater landslides (sometimes tripped by small earthquakes).

Tsunami generally travel very fast across the ocean (typically 500km/h or more). In deep water the tsunami height might not be great but the height can increase dramatically when they reach the shoreline because the wave slows in shallow water and the energy becomes more concentrated. In addition to the inherent increase in the height of the wave from this shoaling effect, the momentum of the wave might cause it to reach a considerable height as it travels up sloping land. It is typical for multiple waves to result from one tsunami-generating event and these could be several hours apart when they reach a distant shore.

    *Tsunami is Japanese for "harbour wave" which is misleading to the Japanese because tsunami don't just occur in harbours.  Scientists dislike the term "tidal wave" as used by the Press but there is a little logic in the term - some tsunamis do not break when they reach land but surge like a massive, fast moving high tide to flood low-lying areas. Much of the damage comes as they recede back into the ocean.

Illustration of Tsunami Terms (Magnified Vertical Scale)

Amplitude  is approximately the maximum height of the wave above sea level when in deep water - see diagram. Note that this is not the same as the "double amplitude" which is the vertical distance between the crest and the trough and is often used to describe the height of a wave).
Run-up height is the vertical height above sea level of the tsunami at its furthest point inland.
Run-up factor is the run-up height divided by the deepwater wave amplitude

The run-up factor can vary considerably, depending on local topography and the direction of travel of the wave. Hills and Goda (1998) note that earthquake-generated tsunami in Japan have an average run-up factor of 10 but sometimes reach 25. In Hawaii run-up factors of 40 have been observed for earthquake-generated tsunami. There is a particular danger to seaports from tsunami because the approach channel to the port can support a much more energetic tsunami (there is less energy dissipated or reflected as it travels over the continental shelf). On the other hand, based on recent assessments of tsunami risks for various locations, Crawford and Mader (1998) estimate the typical run-up factor is only 2 to 3.

Contrary to popular notions, the Australian coastline is vulnerable to tsunami Nott & Bryant 1999 and Rynn & Davidson 1999. There is also evidence of substantial variations in run-up factor for tsunami along the Australian coast . Along a 40km stretch of coastline the run-up height from one (ancient) tsunami event varied by more than 40 Young et al 1996.  The effects are complicated by features such as estuaries, harbours, cliffs and reefs. The topography and features of the continental shelf, the shoreline, an estuary/harbour and the land  are all very important is considering the damaging effects of tsunami. Some coastal areas could be vulnerable to relatively small tsunami. Until recently there appears to have very little assessment of this risk except in areas prone to earthquake-generated tsunami such as Japan and Hawaii.

The urgency for increased research on tsunami is reinforced by the devastating tsunami which struck northern New Guinea in July 1998. Scientists are still trying to understand mechanisms of that earthquake-related tsunami.

From: http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/tps-seti/spacegd7.html


Asteroid impacts with the EarthStony asteroids with a diameter less than about 100 metres generally do not reach the Earth's surface. These objects usually explode several kilometres above the surface (an "airburst"). This was probably the case with the "Tunguska" Siberian event in 1908. The kinetic energy involved is substantial - a typical impact by a 50m object releases about 10 megatons of TNT and that of a 100m object releases about 75 Mt (the actual kinetic energy depends on several factors such as speed and density and can vary by a factor of more than 10). These explosions are equivalent in energy to large thermonuclear explosions and they can cause devastation over thousands of square kilometres - in the case of Tunguska the area of destruction was about 2,000 sq km or a circle of radius 25km.. Fortunately the region was sparsely populated and had little effect on humans (unlike now when it could not have been mistaken for a hostile nuclear explosion).

Estimates of risk based on asteroid/comet impact frequency may vary by a factor of ten - "Events like Tunguska occur with uncertain frequency, possibly once every 50 years, if the interpretation of the Spacewatch data is correct, or at most once every 300 to 500 years" (Steel 1995).  Subject to this uncertainty, the probability of an impact at a given location can be estimated from
    P =  P(D) * AD / AE                                                    
where
P(D) is the probability of an impact by an asteroid of diameter D somewhere on the Earth
AD  is the area of destruction due to the impact
AE  is the total area of the Earth's surface (including ocean).

Applying this to the Tunguska event, and assuming an average interval between Earth impacts of one century, the annual probability of a given location being within the devastation area is P(annual) = 0.01 * 2000 /  5.1E8 = 4E-8 or about 1 in 25 million. .

From: http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/tps-seti/spacegd7.html

See:  http://www.greatdreams.com/1950DA.htm

and http://www.greatdreams.com/1998ox4.htm

 

On the open ocean, tsunami waves approach speeds of 500 mph, almost fast enough to keep pace with a jetliner. But gazing out the window of a 747, you wouldn't be able to pick it out from the wind-driven swells. In deep water, the waves spread out and hunch down, with hundreds of miles between crests that may be just a few feet high. A passenger on a passing ship would scarcely detect their passing. But in fact the tsunami crest is just the very tip of a vast mass of water in motion. Though wind-driven waves and swells are confined to a shallow layer near the ocean surface, a tsunami extends thousands of feet deep into the ocean.

Because the momentum of the waves is so great, a tsunami can travel great distances with little loss of energy. The 1960 earthquake off the coast of Chile generated a tsunami that had enough force to kill 150 people in Japan after a journey of 22 hours and 10,000 miles. The waves from a trans-Pacific tsunami can reverberate back and forth across the ocean for days, making it jiggle like a planetary-scale pan of Jell-O.

As the waves in the tsunami reach shore, they slow down due to the shallowing sea floor, and the loss in speed is often accompanied by a dramatic increase in wave height. The waves scrunch together like the ribs of an accordion and heave upward. Depending on the geometry of the seafloor warping that first generated the waves, tsunami attacks can take different forms. In certain cases, the sea can seem at first to draw a breath and empty harbors, leaving fish flopping on the mud. This sometimes draws the curious to the shoreline and to their deaths, since the withdrawing of the sea is inevitably followed by the arrival of the crest of a tsunami wave. Tsunamis also flood in suddenly without warning. Tsunami waves usually don't curve over and break, like Hawaiian surf waves. Survivors of tsunami attacks describe them as dark "walls" of water. Impelled by the mass of water behind them, the waves bulldoze onto the shore and inundate the coast, snapping trees like twigs, toppling stone walls and lighthouses, and smashing houses and buildings into kindling.

The contours of the seafloor and coastline have a profound influence on the height of the waves -- sometimes with surprising and dangerous results. During the 1993 tsunami attack on Okushiri, Japan, the wave "runup" on the coast averaged about 15 to 20 meters (50 - 65 feet). But in one particular spot, the waves pushed into a V-shaped valley open to the sea, concentrating the water in a tighter and tighter space. In the end, the water ran up to 32 meters (90 feet) above sea level, about the height of an 8-story office building.

From: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/savageearth/tsunami/

Quake maps show shaky East Bay soil
Risk of 'liquefaction' in north Alameda County

Charles Burress, Chronicle Staff Writer

Friday, February 21, 2003

The seismic time bomb ticking under the Bay Area could wreak especially widespread damage in heavily populated parts of the East Bay, according to new earthquake-hazard maps announced Thursday.

Broad expanses of northern Alameda County's flatlands fall into a "liquefaction" risk zone, meaning the soil could shake like a bowl of jelly in a major quake. It's the same phenomenon that struck the San Francisco Marina in the 1989 Loma Prieta quake.

The new maps also show the hills thickly mottled with patches of potential landslide areas. The color charts were issued under state law requiring property sellers to disclose potential liquefaction or landslide risk. The law also requires geologic studies for new construction.

"Just because you live in one of these zones, it doesn't mean the end of the world," said Darryl Young, director of the state Department of Conservation, which presented the maps at a news conference in Berkeley.

"It's just a wake-up call," he said. "This is about reducing fear and giving people constructive things they can do. . . . Unless you know where you live and how the ground likely will perform, you can't start to prepare for a quake."

The maps show only whether a property lies within a liquefaction or landslide zone. They don't show relative risk within the zones. The risk within a zone varies considerably, depending on the type of soil, subsurface water and terrain.

In Berkeley, which Young praised as a leader in earthquake preparedness, about 40 percent of the city lies within the two zones, estimated city mapping analyst Brian Quinn. Much of Oakland and San Leandro also are included, and all of Alameda and Emeryville fall into the liquefaction areas.

The zones are being created throughout the state under a 1990 law passed after Loma Prieta.

Any person selling a property within the zones must disclose it, just as they do the property's presence in a flood plain. New commercial buildings occupied by humans and new residential projects of at least four units in the zones must conduct a geologic survey to obtain a building permit. Whether single-family homes, duplexes or triplexes will need to do such studies is left up to the local city or county.

The law takes effect whenever the map for that area is officially certified.

San Francisco's was adopted in 2000. Alameda County's was approved Feb. 14, though state officials didn't stage their public debut until Thursday.

Young and other officials sought both to ring an alarm about the Bay Area's seismic danger and to offer help on how to be prepared.

"We know that in the next 30 years, there is a greater than 70 percent chance of a major earthquake," he said. "The Loma Prieta quake was not the big one. The Loma Prieta quake was in Santa Cruz County 50 miles away."

He urged citizens to consult the new maps to find out if their property lies in one of the zones by downloading them from the department Web site at gmw.consrv.ca.gov/shmp/. They can be purchased in black and white -- call (415) 495-8700 -- or in color -- call (415) 904-7707 or (916) 445-5716 -- or viewed at the department's San Francisco office at 185 Berry St., Suite 210.

If citizens find their property in a potential risk zone, they should consult their insurance agent, a local builder or their city for advice, he said. Solutions can be as simple as securing heavy objects or as relatively inexpensive as bolting a house to its foundation.

For those wanting detailed information on the risk within the zones, the Association of Bay Area Governments and United States Geological Survey have several maps showing comparative risks for liquefaction, landslides and ground- shaking.

For example, ABAG's interactive "Liquefaction Susceptibility" map can be accessed at gis.abag.ca.gov/website/liq/viewer.htm. The USGS liquefaction map for northern Alameda County is at quake.wr.usgs.gov/prepare/alameda.html.

E-mail Charles Burress at cburress@sfchronicle.com.

 

Cycle: 2002    State: NY    List ID: NY-1701-0202
Waterbody Name: EAST BAY
State Basin Name: ATLANTIC-LONG ISLAND SOUND

Oyster Fishing

New York Marine Waters 

New York Airport Disaster
... shows quite clearly that the northeast US, especially the Long Island and New York City regions, would suffer greatly. Of the 15 "worst" storms, Long Island ...
www.greatdreams.com/ny/hurricane-storm-new-york.htm

THE WINTER OF 2002/2003
... cleanup this season. New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg estimated the storm already had cost his city around $20 million. It could take ...
www.greatdreams.com/winter-2003.htm
THE COMING GLOBAL SUPERSTORM
... Storm-Harvest Ministries. ... that I have been familiar with focus on New England, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, the Midwest, and, of course, the West Coast. ...
www.greatdreams.com/superstorm.htm

 

East Bay, Texas Fishing

Tide Table 

 

East Bay, R.I.

Tide Table

 

Death tolls of Japan's typhoon rises to 62
   10/21/2004 -- 17:10(GMT+7)

 

Tokyo (VNA) - The number of deaths caused by typhoon Tokage, which hit Japan's Canto island area on Wednesday, had risen to 62 by Thursday afternoon, according to Kyodo.

With powerful winds and torrential rains, the typhoon also has left 27 people missing and more than 300 others injured. It also submerged areas and disrupted land and sea transportation services across the country. More than 1,000 flights and almost express trains in storm-affected areas were cancelled.

The Japan Meteorology Agency warned that the storm is continuing to affect areas from the west to the east.--Enditem


Japan typhoon death toll rises to 63

TOKYO - At least 63 people are dead and 25 missing in Japan after a deadly typhoon triggered flash floods and mudslides that wiped out entire hillsides.

 

 

Rescue workers trudged through mud and debris on Thursday, searching villages for any survivors of typhoon Tokage, which lashed the country a day earlier.

Japanese officials say the death toll is the highest since a 1988 storm, and will likely keep rising.

Tokage – the Japanese word for lizard – hit Japan's main islands with heavy winds and rain, causing at least 16 mudslides. Television footage showed uprooted trees, vehicles submerged to their windows and large trucks tipped over on their sides.

The capital, Tokyo, was buffeted by strong winds and rain, but no major damage was reported. West of Tokyo, nearly 40 tourists were forced to spend the night huddled together on top of a bus after being stranded by floodwater.

It was downgraded to a tropical storm before heading out to the Pacific Ocean on Thursday.

As of Thursday morning, nearly 1,000 flights were cancelled, as was the bullet train between Tokyo and Osaka. Tens of thousands of homes lost electricity and about 13,000 people are staying in temporary shelters.

 

With a 500-kilometre radius of powerful winds, Tokage is one of the biggest typhoons to land in Japan.

A record eight typhoons have hit Japan this year, claiming at least 107 lives.

With files from Australian Broadcasting Corporation

Written by CBC News Online staff

 

48 dead, 33 missing in Japan's typhoon strike:

[World News]: Tokyo, Oct 21 : Forty-eight people have died and 33 are reported missing in a typhoon that swept through Japan, flattening houses and leading to cancellation of flights and train services, reports Xinhua.

The figures were reported by the NHK TV station Thursday.

However, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency has put the death toll at 30 and listed 32 as missing. It said 280 people were injured and 350 buildings destroyed or damaged in the typhoon, the most devastating in more than a decade.

Several victims died due to mudslides that buried or overturned their houses, the agency said. Hundreds of flights have been cancelled and some train services
suspended.

Typhoon No 23, which swept through most of Japan, has downgraded to an extra-tropical depression and was located in the Pacific off the Kanto region of eastern Japan, the Japan Meteorological Agency said.

However, it has warned against high waves in some coastal regions. In the western Kochi Prefecture, waves as high as 17m was reported.

This is the 10th typhoon to have hit Japan this year.

Tokage, nickname of the typhoon, came less than a month after another fierce one -- No 21 which killed 26 people, injured around 100, wrecked several ships, and destroyed or damaged over 2,000 houses.

--Indo-Asian News Service

 

Typhoon Tokage produces record eight-story wave in Japan
 
Sat Oct 23, 9:06 AM ET

TOKYO (AFP) - Typhoon Tokage produced the biggest wave ever recorded in Japan as its rampaged across the country this week, claiming nearly 80 lives, the government said.

The 24-meter-high (80-foot) wave, the size of an eight-story building, was monitored off the port of Muroto on the southern island of Shikoku on Wednesday, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport said.

It was the highest wave recorded in the country since the ministry started monitoring wave heights in 1970.

The previous record was 20 meters in a wave monitored off Miyazaki on the southern island of Kyushu when another typhoon roared by in August.

The ministry said that the average height of waves monitored in a 20-minute period as the typhoon struck on Wednesday was 13.55 meters (45 feet). The waves were recorded by an underwater monitoring point about 1.5 kilometers (one mile) offshore.

Towering waves crushed a sea wall and 14 houses at Muroto, some 600 kilometers (375 miles) southwest of Tokyo, killing three people there.

The National Police Agency said late Saturday that 79 people had been confirmed dead from the typhoon with 12 others missing and 299 injured.

 

Deadly Tsunami Measured by Satellite
By RANDOLPH E. SCHMID, Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON — The tsunami that killed thousands around the Indian Ocean was caught by a series of radar satellites, allowing National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration scientists to develop measurements of the wave in mid-ocean.

While a tsunami can rise to great heights when it arrives at the shore, such waves are often barely noticeable in the ocean.

In this case, scientists found that two hours after the undersea quake that launched the tsunami, the wave was about two feet.

An hour and 15 minutes later it was down to about 16 inches. After eight hours the main wave was down to about two to four inches, though a portion in the Bay of Bengal was still at about 10 inches, the N0AA scientists said Monday.

An earthquake deep beneath the ocean off Indonesia caused the tsunami by shifting the sea floor, resulting in displacement of the water overhead and causing a wave to spread out from that location.

Unlike surface waves that affect only a shallow amount of water, a tsunami stretches all the way to the sea floor and, as that rises to the land, so does the wave. Arriving at shore, such waves can grow suddenly by dozens of feet.

The satellite imaging did not provide a depth for the waves that hit ashore.

The new measurements were based on data from four earth-orbiting satellites. Researchers hope the work will help them develop models to improve tsunami forecasts.

The data, which took several days to analyze, came from the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason satellites operated NASA and the French space agency, CNES; the European Space Agency's Envisat and the U.S. Navy's Geosat Follow-On.

"These observations are unique and of tremendous value for testing and improving tsunami computer models and developing future tsunami early warning systems," said Lee-Lueng Fu of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif.

Walter H.F. Smith, a geophysicist at NOAA, emphasized that the office does not get satellite data until several hours after a tsunami has developed -- too late to be used as a real-time forecast.

"Right now, this technique is not a first line of defense in tsunami hazard monitoring and warnings, but it gives scientists a window to tsunami activity in the deep and in remote parts of an ocean basin, too far away from coastal tide gauges and other instruments that could detect it," Smith said in a statement.

About 4,000 people in Sri Lanka,India, Indonesia, 
Thailand and Malaysia have been killed by horrible tsunamis 
triggered by devastating earthquake on Sunday.  (Photo: Xinhua/AFP)

    HONG KONG, Dec. 26, 2004  (Xinhuanet) -- About 4,000 people in Sri Lanka,India, Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia have been killed by horrible tsunamis triggered by devastating earthquake on Sunday.

    The quake measuring 8.7 on the Richter scale jolted sea areas northwest of Indonesia's Sumatra Sunday morning, the most powerful recorded in 40 years.

    According to the State Seismological Bureau of China, the epicenter of the quake is 30 kilometers from the coast, approximately 300 kilometers from Medan and 200 kilometers from Banda Aceh.

    The death toll of Sunday tidal wave devastation which hit the eastern and southern coasts of Sri Lanka had crossed 1,500 mark bypress time while the death toll reached 454 in Indonesia, more than 1,000 in India, 5 in Malaysia, 100 in Thailand and 1 in Maldives.

    In addition to the dead, hundreds of other people were reported missing elsewhere, most of them fishermen at sea, in the region.

    Sri Lankan prime minister's office said Sunday that some 1,500 people were killed and 1 million affected as tsunami tidal waves caused by an earthquake off Indonesia smashed into the island.

    Massive sea waves crashed into coastal villages over a wide area of Sri Lanka on Sunday, killing more than 1,000 people and displacing 500,000 others, officials and hospital doctors said. The death toll was still rising, they warned.

    The tidal waves also hit the neighboring Maldives, where the authorities closed the airport.

    Maldives government officials said the waves were as high as one meter, hitting the low-lying capital Male, two-thirds of which was under water.

    In Indonesia, some 454 people were killed after the extremely powerful earthquake rocked Aceh province of Indonesia on Sunday morning.

    According to Bireun chief of district in Aceh province the figure will increase as they still look for many unidentified deadbodies.

    The officials from Biruen and Pidie districts said thousands of people had left their homes to higher areas to avoid further tremor and flood.

    Up to now, the quake has already caused some hundreds houses down, electricity cut off and bridges damaged.

    In Thailand, some 100 people died and 1,339 were injured in southern Songkhla, Phuket, Krabi, Phang Nga and Surat Thani provinces, that draw thousands of visitors each year due to their world-famous beaches.

    At least 40 tourists died in Phuket island as waves had reachedas high as eight or even 10 meters before crashing into its coast.

    Phuket's famous beach town Patong was flooded with all shops, kiosks and hotels damaged by the tsunamis.

    On Phang-Nga, another popular tourist site near Phuket, people even sought refuge from the floods on rooftops. The tourists said they were relaxing on the beach when the tsunamis suddenly appeared.

    The navy has been airlifting tourists who were stranded at hotels and bungalows near affected beaches to safer areas.

    Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, who had been visiting the victims of recent earthquake in Nabire district, in Papua province, had ordered authorities to handle the natural disaster and asked some ministers to visit the affected area, the state spokesman Andi Mallarangeng said.

    Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Sunday voiced concern overthe earthquake and tidal waves that hit Andaman and Nicobar islands and the country's east coast, according to Indo-Asian NewsService (IANS).

    The navy has been placed on full alert and rescue and relief operations are under way in the worst-hit Andman and Nicobar as well as the coastal areas of West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, officials in the prime minister's office (PMO) told media.

    Sri Lanka has called for international assistance in the face of the country's worst ever humanitarian disaster.

    According to the Sri Lankan president office, Sri Lankan President Chandrika Kumaratunga who was on a private visit to Britain is to cut short her visit and to return to Sri Lanka.

    In Malaysia, authorities closed some beaches to the public after 5 people were swept away from beaches near the northern city of Penang. The victims were believed to be mainly tourists and included some foreigners, said a police spokesman. 

By LELY T. DJUHARI | Associated Press Writer
Posted December 26, 2004
JAKARTA, Indonesia -- The world's most powerful earthquake in 40 years triggered massive tidal waves that slammed into villages and seaside resorts across Asia on Sunday, killing more than 3,800 people in six countries.

Tourists, fishermen, homes and cars were swept away by walls of water up to 20 feet high that swept across the Bay of Bengal, unleashed by the 8.9-magnitude earthquake centered off the west coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.

In Sri Lanka, 1,000 miles west of the epicenter, more than 2,150 people were killed, the prime minister's office said. Indian officials said as many as 1,130 died along the southern coast. At least 408 died on Sumatra from floods and collapsing buildings. Another 168 were confirmed dead in Thailand, 28 in Malaysia and 2 in Bangladesh.

But officials expected the death toll to rise dramatically, with hundreds reported missing and all communications cut off to Sumatran towns closest to the epicenter. Hundreds of bodies were found on various beaches along India's southern state of Tamil Nadu, and more were expected to be washed in by the sea, officials said.

Copyright © 2004, Orlando Sentinel

SEE:  EARTHQUAKE CAUSED THE TSUNAMI

Timeline: Tsunami disasters

Sunday, December 26, 2004

Tidal waves, or tsunami, often set off by undersea earthquakes, have caused several major disasters in coastal communities over the years. References to these waves date back as far as ancient Greece and Rome, including a wave that shook the eastern Mediterranean on July 21, 365, killing thousands of residents of Alexandria, Egypt.

Among other notable tsunami:

July 17, 1998, an offshore quake triggers a wave that strikes the north coast of Papua-New Guinea, killing some 2,000 people and leaving thousands more homeless.

August 16, 1976, a tsunami kills more than 5,000 people in the Moro Gulf region of the Philippines.

March 28, 1964, Good Friday earthquake in Alaska sends out a wave swamping much of the Alaskan coast and destroying three villages. The wave kills 107 people in Alaska, four in Oregon and 11 in California as it sweeps down the West Coast.

May 22, 1960, a wave reported as up to 35-feet high kills 1,000 in Chile and causes damage in Hawaii, where 61 die, and in the Philippines, Okinawa and Japan as it sweeps across the Pacific.

April 1, 1946, Alaskan quake generates a tsunami that destroys North Cape Lighthouse, killing five. Hours later the wave arrives at Hilo, Hawaii, killing 159 people and doing millions of dollars in damage.

January 31, 1906, a devastating offshore quake submerges part of Tumaco, Colombia, and washes away every house on the coast between Rioverde, Ecuador, and Micay, Colombia. Death toll estimated at 500 to 1,500.

December 17, 1896, a tsunami washes away part of the embankment and main boulevard of Santa Barbara, California.

June 15, 1896, the Sanriku tsunami strikes Japan without warning. A wave estimated at more than 70 feet high hits a crowd gathered to celebrate a religious festival, killing more than 26,000 people.

August 27, 1883, the eruption of the volcano Krakatau generates a massive wave that sweeps over the shores of nearby Java and Sumatra, killing 36,000 people.

November 1, 1775, the great Lisbon earthquake generates a wave up to 20-feet high that strikes coastal Portugal, Spain and Morocco.


Copyright 2004 The Associated Press. All rights reserved
 

A similar situation of one tectonic plate (the Pacific plate)  pushing undernearth another plate (the American plate) exists on the West  Coast of the U.S.  Krsanna

TIDAL WAVE BEGAN BENEATH INDIAN  OCEAN

December 27, 2004 - Associated  Press

http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=362264 

LONDON Dec 27, 2004 - The chain reaction that sent enormous,  deadly tidal waves crashing into the coasts of Asia and Africa on  Sunday started more than six miles beneath the ocean floor off the tip of  the Indonesian island of Sumatra.

Geologic plates pressing against  each other slipped violently, creating a bulge on the sea bottom that could  be as high as 10 yards and hundreds of miles long, one scientist said. 

"It's just like moving an enormous paddle at the bottom of the  sea," said David Booth, a seismologist at the British Geological Survey.  "A big column of water has moved, we're talking about billions of  tons. This is an enormous disturbance."

Moving at about 500 mph, the  waves took more than two hours to reach Sri Lanka, where the human toll has  been horrific, and longer to spread to India and the east coast of  Africa.

And because such tidal waves rarely occur in the Indian Ocean,  there is no system in place to warn coastal communities they are about to be  hit, such as exists in the Pacific, Booth said.

"With 20-20 vision of  hindsight, that'll be reconsidered," he said.

An Australian scientist  had suggested in September that an Indian Ocean warning system be set up, but  it takes a year to create one. Also, those living along the Indian Ocean's  shores were less likely than Pacific coastal dwellers to know the warning  signs of an impending tidal wave water receding unusually fast and far from  the shore, Booth said.

Thousands were killed in countries from Indonesia  to Somalia.

The underwater quake, which the U.S. Geological Survey put  at magnitude 9.0, was the biggest since 1964, when a 9.2-magnitude temblor  struck Alaska, also touching off tsunami waves. There were at least  a half-dozen powerful aftershocks, one of magnitude 7.3.

Enzo Boschi,  the head of Italy's National Geophysics Institute, likened the quake's power  to detonating a million atomic bombs the size of those dropped on Japan  during World War II, and said the shaking was so powerful it even disturbed  the Earth's rotation.

"All the planet is vibrating" from the quake, he  told Italian state radio. Other scientists said it was early too say whether  the rotation was affected by the quake.

The earthquake occurred at a  spot where the Indian Ocean plate is gradually being forced underneath  Sumatra, which is part of the Eurasian plate, at about the speed at which a  human fingernail grows, Booth explained.

"This slipping doesn't occur  smoothly," he said. Rocks along the edge stick against one another and  pent-up energy builds over hundreds of years.

It's "almost like  stretching an elastic band, and then when the strength of the rock isn't  sufficient to withstand the stress, then all along the fault line the rocks  will move," he said.

Indonesia is well-known as a major quake center,  sitting along a series of fault lines dubbed the "Ring of Fire." But  scientists are unable to predict where and when quakes will strike with any  precision.

The force of Sunday's earthquake shook unusually far afield,  causing buildings to sway hundreds of miles from the epicenter, from  Singapore to the city of Chiang Mai in northern Thailand, and in Bangladesh. 

The quake probably occurred about 6.2 miles beneath the ocean  floor, causing the huge, step-like protrusion on the sea bed and the  resulting tidal waves.

As the waves moved across deep areas of the  ocean in the early morning, they may have been almost undetectable on the  surface, with swells of about a yard or less. But when they approached land  the huge volumes of water were forced to the surface and the waves grew  higher, swamping coastal communities and causing massive casualties.

Tsunami toll likely to reach 60,000
Wednesday, 12 - 29, 2004

Nations on the Indian Ocean from Indonesia to Sri Lanka struggled on Tuesday to find and bury their dead and help the survivors of a tsunami as fears grew the final toll would far exceed the 27,700 persons reported killed.

Two days after the biggest earthquake in 40 years rocked the seabed off Indonesia's Sumatra Island, triggering waves up to 10 meters high, officials found more deaths the further they ventured into outlying areas, and said the final toll could rise above 55,000.

The United Nations said hundreds of relief planes packed with emergency goods would arrive in the region from about two dozen countries within the next 48 hours.

Bodies still littered the streets in north Indonesia, closest to Sunday's magnitude 9.0 earthquake.

About 1,000 persons lay where they were killed when a tsunami struck as they were watching a sports event.

“I was in the field as a referee. The waves suddenly came in and I was saved by God — I got caught in the branches of a tree,” Mahmud Azaf said, who lost his three children to the tsunami.

Hundreds of Western tourists were killed at beach resorts in Sri Lanka and Thailand, fishing villages across the region were devastated, power and communications cut and homes destroyed.

“This was the worst day in our history,” said Sri Lankan businessman Y.P. Wickramsinghe as he picked through the rubble of his sea-front dive shop in the devastated southwestern town of Galle.

“I wish I had died. There is no point in living.”

Thousands of miles of coastline from Indonesia to Somalia were battered by deadly waves. The UN said the disaster was unique in encompassing such a large area and so many countries.

Sri Lanka appeared to have been the worst hit as authorities had recovered 12,895 bodies, including at least 70 foreigners, and feared the final death toll would reach 25,000.

More than 8,500 persons were reported killed in India with many more victims expected, officials said.

Among them were about 4,000 in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, close to the epicentre of the quake, where thousands were missing after five villages were swept away, an official said.

Around 4,500 were killed in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the former French colony of Pondicherry.

In Indonesia, nearly 5,800 were killed as the country took the full force of the huge earthquake and tidal waves that swallowed entire coastal villages.

In Malaysia, 60 persons, including many elderly and children, were reported killed and at least 56 died in Myanmar.

The toll was expected to rise substantially.

At least 52 persons, including two British holidaymakers, were killed while another 68 were missing in the tourist paradise of Maldives, according to officials.

In Bangladesh, a father and child were killed after a tourist boat capsized from large waves.

Fatalities also occurred on the east coast of Africa where 100 fishermen were declared dead in Somalia and 10 in Tanzania.

With infrastructure, including latrines and water wells, in the worst hit areas in tatters, international organizations urged that the thousands of bloated corpses littering beaches, streets and makeshift morgues be disposed of quickly to stem the threat of disease.

Experts said though the risk of epidemics varied from country to country according to their standards of hygiene, hot temperatures, poor to inexistent sewerage and spoiled food provided breeding grounds for germs.

In particular, the decomposing bodies contaminating water would provide ideal conditions for water-borne diseases such as cholera, typhoid and malaria.

Food shortages were also shaping up as a major concern, especially in the more remote parts of Asia devastated by the 10-meter-high waves that slammed into nine countries on Sunday.

In Indonesia's Aceh province, near the epicenter of the undersea earthquake that sparked the tsunamis and where up to 25,000 are feared dead, a local police chief from the cut-off town of Meulaboh suggested the worst had yet to be seen.

Across the Indian Ocean in Sri Lanka, where 12,000 persons were killed by the wall of water that smashed into the island, drinking water wells along the country's coastal regions were badly contaminated.

The worst hit town in India, Nagapattinam in southern Tamil Nadu state where at least 1,700 died, was lashed by rain Tuesday, adding to the misery of a community in ruins and where bodies continued to be washed ashore.

Hundreds of makeshift relief camps have been opened at various places in the coastal areas of India hit with tens of thousands taking shelter, according to the government.

The camps were providing free food, water and medical treatment, but the spectre of disease was looming large.

Fresh water was also a major problem on India's remote Andaman and Nicobar Islands, where giant waves wiped out at least 3,000 persons.

The pervasive stench of death and disease was also all-consuming in Thailand, where 2,000 persons may have died.

The UN said the biggest disaster relief operation ever staged would be needed for the victims.

Reuters and AFP

Tsunami Death Toll Climbs to 52,000

BANDA ACEH, Indonesia - Mourners in Sri Lanka used their bare hands to dig graves Tuesday while hungry islanders in Indonesia turned to looting in the aftermath of Asia's devastating tsunamis. Thousands more bodies were found in Indonesia, dramatically increasing the death toll across 11 nations to more than 52,000.

Indonesia's Health Ministry said in a statement that more than 27,000 people were confirmed killed in parts of Sumatra island, the territory closest to the epicenter of Sunday's earthquake, which sent a giant tsunami rolling across the Indian Ocean.

But the ministry said it had not yet counted deaths along the inundated and shattered towns of Sumatra's western coast, which soldiers and rescue workers were unable so far to reach _ including the district of Meulaboh, where earlier the head of another agency estimated that 10,000 people were killed.

When those regions are included in the ministry count, the death toll could rise dramatically yet again.

TV footage from overflights of Meulaboh and other parts of the west coast showed thousands of homes underwater. Refugees fleeing the coast described surviving for days on little more than coconuts before reaching Banda Aceh, the capital of Aceh province on Sumatra's northern tip, which itself was largely flattened by the quake.

"The sea was full of bodies," said Sukardi Kasdi, who reached the capital from his town of Surang.

The west coast of Sumatra, facing Sunday's epicenter, took the brunt of both the quake and the killer waves. With aid not arriving quick enough, desperate residents in Meulaboh and other towns in Aceh began to loot, officials said.

"People are looting, but not because they are evil, but they are hungry," said Red Cross official Irman Rachmat in Banda Aceh.

In Sri Lanka, the toll also mounted. Workers pulled 802 bodies out of a train that was flung off its tracks when the gigantic waves hit. Two hundred of the bodies _ unclaimed by relatives _ were buried Tuesday in a mass grave next to the tracks, which had been lifted and twisted like a roller coaster by the raging water.

"Is this the fate that we had planned for? My darling, you were the only hope for me," cried one man for his dead girlfriend _ his university sweetheart _ as Buddhist monks held prayer nearby.

More than 18,700 people died in Sri Lanka, more than 4,400 in India and more than 1,500 in Thailand, with numbers expected to rise. Scores were also killed in Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, the Maldives. The giant waves raced nearly 3,000 miles to east Africa, causing deaths in Somalia, Tanzania and Seychelles.

And there were still zones of death where officials could not get a precise count. Sumatra's west coast was one _ another was India's remote Andaman and Nicobar Islands, located just north of Sumatra. So far, only 90 people were confirmed dead in the archipelago of 30 inhabited islands, but a police official said 8,000 people were missing and possibly dead.

Europeans desperately sought relatives missing from holidays in Southeast Asia _ particularly Thailand, where bodies littered the once crowded beach resorts. Near the devastated Similan Beach and Spa Resort, where mostly German tourists were staying, a naked corpse hung suspended from a tree Tuesday as if crucified.

A blond two-year-old Swedish boy, Hannes Bergstroem, found sitting alone on a road in Thailand was reunited with his uncle, who saw the boy's picture on a Web site.

"This is a miracle, the biggest thing that could happen," said the uncle, who identified himself as Jim, after flying from his home country to Thailand to reach Hannes at the hospital were the boy was being treated. The boy's mother and grandmother were missing, while his father and grandfather were reportedly at another hospital.

The vacationing former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl was evacuated by Sri Lankan military helicopter from the hotel he was trapped by flooding in the south of the country. In Thailand, Czech supermodel Petra Nemcova, who appeared on the cover of 2003 Sports Illustrated swimsuit issue, was injured and her photographer boyfriend Simon Atlee was missing, Atlee's agent said.

So far, more than 80 Westerners have been confirmed dead across the region _ including 11 Americans. But a British consulate official in Thailand warned that hundreds more foreign tourists were likely killed in the country's resorts.

Sunday's massive quake of 9.0 magnitude off the Indonesian island of Sumatra sent 500-mph waves surging across the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal in the deadliest known tsunami since the one that devastated the Portuguese capital of Lisbon in 1755 and killed an estimated 60,000 people.

Amid the devastation, however, were some miraculous stories of survival. In Malaysia, a 20-day-old baby was found alive on a floating mattress. She and her family were later reunited. A Hong Kong couple vacationing in Thailand clung to a mattress for six hours.

In Sri Lanka, more than 300 people crammed into the Infant Jesus Church at Orrs Hill, located on high ground from their ravaged fishing villages. Families and childres slept on pews and the cement floor.

"We had never seen the sea looking like that. It was like as if a calm sea had suddenly become a raging monster," said one woman, Haalima, recalling the giant wave that swept away her 5-year-old grandson, Adil.

Adil was making sandcastles with his younger sister, Reeze, while Haalima sat in her home Sunday morning. Haalima said the girl ran to her complaining that waves had crushed their castles, then came screams and water entered the home. "When we looked, there was no shore anymore and no Adil," she said.

Death was so widespread in Sri Lanka that the government waived rules requiring an autopsy before burial. In Muslim villages in the east of the otherwise Buddhist-dominated island, some survivors, lacking shovels, used giant iron forks used for communal cooking and their hands to scrape out graves for several dozen victims, half of them children.

"The toll is going up and I will not be surprised it reaches 20,000 to 25,000," said Nimal Hettiarchchi, director of Sri Lanka's National Disaster Management Center.

Relief workers warned that survivors could face outbreaks of disease, including malaria and cholera. "Our biggest fear at the moment is the shortage of drinking water," said Janaka Gunewardene, a director at Sri Lanka's disaster management center, adding that waterways and well across Sri Lanka's northern, eastern and southern coasts were contaminated, said.

A new danger emerged Tuesday: the floods uprooted land mines in Sri Lanka _ a nation torn by a decades-old war with Tamil separatists in the north. The mines now threatened aid workers and survivors, UNICEF said.

The first international deliveries of food were being delivered to ravaged areas, as humanitarian agencies _ accustomed to disasters in one or two countries at time _ tried to organize to help on an unprecedented geographic scale, across 11 nations.

The disaster could be history's costliest, with "many billions of dollars" of damage, said U.N. Undersecretary Jan Egeland, who is in charge of emergency relief coordination.

A dozen trucks loaded with more than 160 tons of rice, lentils and sugar sent by the U.N. World Food Progam, left Tuesday from Colombo for Sri Lanka's southern and eastern coasts, and a second shipment was planned for overnight.

UNICEF officials said about 175 tons of rice arrived in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, and six tons of medical supplies were to arrive by Thursday. Helicopters in India rushed medicine to stricken areas. In Sri Lanka, the Health Ministry dispatched 300 physicians to the disaster zone by helicopter.

 

BANDA ACEH, Indonesia (Dec. 30) - The death toll from last weekend's earthquake-tsunami catastrophe rose to more than 114,000 on Thursday as Indonesia uncovered more and more dead from ravaged Sumatra island, where pilots dropped food to remote villages still unreachable by rescue workers. A false alarm that new killer waves were about to hit sparked panic in India, Sri Lanka and Thailand.

The increase came after Indonesia reported nearly 28,000 newly confirmed dead in Sumatra, which was closest to the epicenter of last weekend's massive earthquake and was overwhelmed by the tsunami that followed. Some 60 percent of Banda Aceh, the main city in northern Sumatra was destroyed, the U.N. children's agency estimated, and 115 miles of the island's northwest coast - lined with villages - was inundated.

Indonesia, with around 80,000 dead, was the worst hit, followed by Sri Lanka, India and Thailand. The total across 12 nations in southern Asia and East Africa was likely to rise, with thousands still missing and fears that disease could bring a new wave of deaths.

Tens of thousands of residents fled coasts in India, Sri Lanka and Thailand after warnings that a new tsunami was about to strike after new aftershocks hit the Indian Ocean Thursday.

India issued a tsunami warning at midday, but then hours later its science minister, Kapil Sibal, went on television to announce the warning was incorrect and based on information received from a U.S. research firm.

Fears of a new tsunami were "unscientific, hogwash and should be discarded," Sibal said.

Still, the alert sparked panic among people traumatized by Sunday's devastation.

"We got into a truck and fled," said 40-year-old Gandhimathi of Nagappattinam in India's Tamil Nadu state, who said authorities told her to leave her home. "We took only a few clothes and left behind all of our belongings, everything we had."

Sri Lanka's military later told residents there to be vigilant but not to panic, while coastal villagers climbed onto rooftops or sought high ground. "There is total confusion here," said Rohan Bandara in the coastal town of Tangalle.

Tsunami sirens in southern Thailand sent people dashing from beaches, but only small waves followed the alarms.

An estimated 5.7 magnitude aftershock was recorded in seas northwest of Indonesia's Sumatra island by the Hong Kong observatory Thursday morning, along with earlier, overnight quakes at India's Andaman and Nicobar islands. But a 5.7 quake would be about 1,000 times less powerful than Sunday's, and probably would have "negligible impact," said geologist Jason Ali of University of Hong Kong.

The false alarm highlighted the lack of an organized tsunami warning system in the Indian Ocean region - which experts have already said may have worsened the crisis after Sunday's 9.0 magnitude quake hit off Sumatra's coast, sending a massive wave racing at 500 mph across the Indian Ocean.

Sibal, the Indian science minister, said Thursday's warning was based on information from a U.S. research group that "claimed they have some sensors and equipment through which they suggest there was a possibility of an earthquake."

He did not elaborate on how the information was incorrect.

 
  Science of Tsunamis  
     
   
 

Luis Enrique Ascui, Reuters

A tsunami wave, triggered by an ocean-floor earthquake, is barely perceptible as it travels across the water, but its shoreline impact can be tremendous.

· Alert Systems Complex, Costly
· India To Install Warning System
· Did Wildlife Know to Flee?

Video: The Science of Tsunamis
Interactive: Map & Animation
(Broadband Recommended)
 
 

Meanwhile, military ships and planes rushed to get desperately needed aid to Sumatra's ravaged coast. Countless corpses strewn on the streets rotted under the tropical sun causing a nearly unbearable stench.

Food drops began along the coast, mostly of instant noodles and medicines, with some of the areas "hard to reach because they are surrounded by cliffs," said Budi Aditutro, head of the government's relief team.

Government institutions in Aceh province, the territory on Sumatra's northern tip, have ceased to function and basic supplies such as fuel have almost run out, forcing even ambulances to ration gasoline.

On the streets of Banda Aceh, the provincial capital, fights have broken out over packets of noodles dropped from military vehicles.

"I believe the frustration will be growing in the days and weeks ahead," U.N. Undersecretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs Jan Egeland said.

The United States, India, Australia and Japan have formed an international coalition to coordinate worldwide relief and reconstruction efforts, President Bush announced.

"We will prevail over this destruction," Bush said from his Texas ranch Wednesday.

The number of deaths in Indonesia stood at about 52,000. Authorities there said that did not include a full count from Sumatra's west coast, and UNICEF estimated the toll for that country alone could be 80,000.

Sri Lanka reported 24,700 dead, India more than 7,300 and Thailand around 2,400 - though that country's prime minister said he feared the toll would go to 6,800. A total of more than 300 were killed in Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, the Maldives, Somalia, Tanzania and Kenya.

The disaster struck a band of the tropics that not only is heavily populated but attracts tourists from all corners. Throughout the world, people sought word of missing relatives, from small-town Sri Lankan fishermen to Europeans on sand-and-sun holidays.

On hundreds of Web sites, the messages were brief but poignant: "Missing: Christina Blomee in Khao Lak," or simply, "Where are you?"

But even as hope for the missing dwindled, survivors continued to turn up.

A 2-year-old Swedish boy was reunited with his father days after the toddler was found alone on a roadside in Thailand's southern beach resort island of Phuket. In Sri Lanka, a lone fisherman named Sini Mohammed Sarfudeen was rescued Wednesday by an air force helicopter crew after clinging to his wave-tossed boat for three days.

Rescue workers on Thursday plied the dense forests of India's remote Andaman and Nicobar islands - an archipelago just to the northwest of the quake's epicenter - where authorities fear as many as 10,000 more people may be buried in mud and thick vegetation. Many hungry villagers were surviving on coconut milk, rescuers said.

Mohammad Yusef, 60, a fisherman who fled his village and was holed up at a Catholic church in the territory's capital Port Blair along with about 800 others, said all 15 villages on the coast of Car Nicobar island had been destroyed.

"There's not a single hut which is standing," he told The Associated Press. "Everything is gone. Most of the people have gone up to the hills and are afraid to come down," Yusef said.

Many villagers had not eaten for two days and said that crocodiles had washed ashore during the disaster, compounding the horror of more than 50 aftershocks since Sunday's quake.

12/30/04 08:49 EST

Copyright 2004 The Associated Press.

 
Relief Efforts Step Up as Death Toll Reaches 135,000

Efforts to aid the millions of survivors of Sunday’s devastating quake-tsunami disaster stepped up as the rising death toll surpassed 135,000 according to recent reports.

Efforts to aid the millions of survivors of Sunday’s devastating quake-tsunami disaster stepped up as the rising death toll surpassed 135,000 according to recent reports.

On Friday, nine U.S military transport crafts took off to rush supplies to the stricken resorts of southern Thailand and to more distant airfields in Indonesia and Sri Lanka, the Associated Press reported. One of the cargo jets arrived in the main airport near Banda Aceh—capital of Indonesia’s Aceh Province—with blankets, medicine and the first of 80,000 body bags. Some pilots dropped food to remote villages still unreachable by rescue workers. Other transport crafts were sent by Australia and New Zealand, and the Indonesian government said 42 flights from 18 countries had reached Sumatra by Friday.

Meanwhile, two Navy groups of a dozen vessels have headed for the coasts of Indonesia and Sri Lanka with supplies and, more importantly, over 40 helicopters to help ferry food and medicines into ravaged seaside communities. In addition, the Indian navy, which has already deployed 32 ships and 29 aircraft for tsunami relief and rescue work, was sending two more ships Friday to Indonesia.

However, with the huge world relief drive to shelter, treat and feed millions of survivors finally kicking in, AP said overstretched authorities were dealing with logistical nightmare of getting the incoming aid to the needy.

In Indonesia, tons of supplies were backlogged, with thousands of boxes filled with drinking water, crackers, blankets and other basic necessities piled high in an airplane hangar nearly 300 miles from Banda Aceh—which officials estimate was 60 percent destroyed. Some of the supplies had been brought to the hangar on Monday and still hadn't made it to the disaster zones, AP reported.

"Hundreds of tons, it keeps coming in," the governor of Northern Sumatra province told AP. He blamed the backlog on an initial "lack of coordination" that was slowly improving.

Indonesia, the hardest hit nation, said its death toll of 80,000 could reach 100,000, and officials began to acknowledge that the number of dead may never be known with precision, because the towering waves that smashed into Sumatra island swept entire villages with their inhabitants out to sea.

Meanwhile, the Red Cross and other groups were still working to bury the corpses scattered throughout the city, struggling to deal with the number of dead.

"Many bodies are rotting and still left untouched up to this morning," reported World Vision Indonesia's Jimmy Nadapdap from Banda Aceh on Thursday.

World Vision, one of the largest Christian relief and development organizations in the world, reported that its office in Indonesia is in the process of procuring and distributing non-food relief aid for 5,000 families (approximately 25,000 people) in the Banda Aceh area. The relief goods will include tarpaulins, cooking utensils, jerrycans/buckets, sarongs, soaps, masks and mosquito nets.

The goods are being procured and assembled in Jakarta and will then be transported to Banda Aceh. The distribution is expected to take place within the next week.

In Sri Lanka, the next hardest hit after Indonesia, World Vision Sri Lanka has already sent packs of essential food, as well as bedding, tarpaulin sheets, clothing, mattresses, kitchen utensils and basic medication to the worst affected areas.

World Vision reports that medicine and medical supplies are urgently needed, as well as a means to deal with the decomposing bodies of the victims. Health authorities warn of outbreaks of dysentery, cholera and hepatitis in the camps, if food and water is contaminated.

In coming days World Vision plans to distribute dry ration food parcels, clothes and other cooking utensils such as plates, cups, jugs and buckets to 12,000 families living in camps in the Matara district.

In India, the agency has been able to provide immediate support for around 3,000 families. In the coming days, World Vision will provide relief to 35,000 families, and introduce a seven-day food ration to be manned by 75 staff.

India has officially reported 7,763 dead in the tsunami disaster — most from the southern provinces of the mainland. Only around 700 dead from the archipelago were counted, but officials said Friday more than 3,700 were still missing. An official a day earlier said 10,000 could be dead in the archipelago.

Kenneth Chan
kenneth@christianpost.com
Copyright © 2004 The Christian Post.
 

U.S. Looks for Missing Tsunami Victims

By BARRY SCHWEID, AP

WASHINGTON (Jan. 6) - Twelve days after a tsunami devastated areas of Asia, some 2,900 Americans are still missing. The State Department has pledged to find out what has happened to them.

"We at the State Department will spare no effort and leave no stone unturned to answer the questions that we are receiving from Americans about the welfare and whereabouts of their loved ones and friends,'' deputy spokesman Adam Ereli said.

With 16 Americans already listed as fatalities, the department on Wednesday added 20 Americans as missing and presumed dead.

Nineteen of them were in Thailand and the 20th in Sri Lanka, two of the hardest-hit countries, Ereli said.

Eyewitnesses and others on the scene provided the information that led the department to presume the 20 Americans had died, he said.

"In each of these cases there is a specific reason to believe that the individual was in harm's way at the time of the tsunami,'' Ereli said.

The Pentagon, meanwhile, expanded its contribution to recovery efforts. The Army sent several helicopters to distribute supplies and dispatched about 100 people from bases in South Korea and the United States to deal with a variety of medical and logistics needs.

The Army also is sending four mortuary affairs teams from Fort Lee, Va., to help recover human remains and identify victims. Engineering support teams from the Army will help plan reconstruction.

President Bush, who has pledged the United States would provide $350 million in assistance, has personally contributed $10,000 to the relief effort, White House press secretary Scott McClellan said Wednesday.

In a speech on legal issues in Collinsville, Ill., Bush praised the U.S. military for its "heroic work'' and urged Americans to continue to open their wallets.

"The most important contribution a person can make is cash,'' Bush said. "There's huge generosity here in America.''

 
  How to Help  
     
 
Network for Good links you to organizations that are helping the disaster victims.
· Here's What You Can Do
· Finding the Missing 
 
 

The State Department has received 26,000 inquiries about Americans who had not been heard from and was able to resolve about 18,000 cases by Monday, Ereli said. Since then, he said, the number of unresolved calls has been reduced to about 2,900.

Citing the privacy of families, Ereli declined to identify the 36 Americans presumed dead by name or in any other way, except to say none was a U.S. official.

The State Department has declined to estimate how many Americans may have perished. Officials suggested many of the unlocated Americans simply may have failed to get in touch.

Last Sunday, Secretary of State Colin Powell said he did not expect a huge number of American casualties. Families "have just not been able to reach out to their loved ones or their loved one is not able to reach out to them,'' he said.

Other governments that have lost people in the disaster have provided casualty estimates and totals.

At least 60 Germans died - the highest official toll of foreigners so far - and an additional 1,000 remain missing. Sweden has reported 52 of its citizens were killed and 1,903 remain missing.

01/06/05 03:06 EST

 

More bodies recovered in Indonesia as plans made to feed tsunami survivors
07:53 PM EST Jan 08

  Tsunami victims are led from helicopter to medical facilities at Banda Aceh airport Saturday. (AP/Andy Eames)
Tsunami victims are led from helicopter to medical facilities at Banda Aceh airport Saturday. (AP/Andy Eames)

BANDA ACEH, Indonesia (CP) - Indonesian rescue workers pulled thousands more rotting corpses from the mud and debris of flattened towns along the Sumatran coast Saturday, two weeks after surging walls of water caused unprecedented destruction on the shores of the Indian Ocean.

The death toll in 11 countries passed 150,000.

Hungry people with haunted expressions were still emerging from isolated villages on Sumatra Island.

Staggered by the scale of the disaster, aid officials announced plans to feed as many as two million survivors each day for the next six months, focusing particularly on young children, pregnant women and nursing mothers.

World Food Program Executive Director James Morris said at a Jakarta news conference the operation likely would cost $180 million US.

"Many of the places where we work are remote, detached and their infrastructure has been dramatically compromised," Morris said, a day after he visited Aceh with UN Secretary General Kofi Annan.

"We will be distributing food...by trucks, by barges, by ships, by helicopters, by big planes."

He said the agency has now dispatched enough food in Sri Lanka to help feed 750,000 people for 15 days.

Jeff Taft-Dick, WFP country director in Sri Lanka, said that was a critical milestone "because there is now enough food around the country to feed everyone who needs it."

Meanwhile, Saturday, a plane carrying members of Canada's Disaster Assistance Response Team, or DART, landed in Colombo, Sri Lanka, where the 200-member team will provide purified water and medical care to tsunami survivors in Ampara, a twelve-hour road trip from the capital.

Morris said the WFP was feeding 150,000 people in Indonesia and expected that to increase to 400,000 within a week and possibly reach as high as a million eventually.

As two Indonesian navy amphibious vessels zoomed ashore in Calang, hundreds of refugees lined up amid the wreckage of boats to unload supplies. Eighty per cent of Calang residents were killed in the giant waves. The Indonesian military set up two field hospitals, one with 50 beds, the other with 20.

"The tragedy was terrible but considering this, the survivors here now are in pretty good shape," said Dr. Steve Wignall, an American who works for Family Health International and was making an assessment with several other aid workers.

In other areas, victims were more vulnerable, though health officials said there were no signs yet of feared epidemics of disease.

Indonesia, which has a reputation as a base for child-trafficking gangs, said Saturday it was monitoring its borders to prevent such smuggling.

As aid poured into a region long troubled by separatist violence, Indonesian soldiers resumed patrols in Aceh province to search for rebels. International aid groups worried renewed conflict could hamper their work.

Suspected rebels fired shots early Sunday at the home of a top police official near the UN relief headquarters in Banda Aceh, officials said. There were no casualties.

An unspecified number of Free Aceh Movement rebels fired at officers guarding the home of Aceh province's deputy police chief, located about 100 metres from the UN building, said police Sgt. Bambang Hariyanpo. Police returned fire but the rebels vanished into the city, he said, adding authorities were investigating the incident.

Police and UN officials said the relief headquarters was not the target of the shooting.

The Free Aceh rebels have been fighting a low-level war against Indonesian troops for an independent homeland in Aceh for more than 20 years. They declared a unilateral ceasefire and the military said it would not target suspected rebels during the emergency but clashes have broken out in recent days.

Problems persisted in co-ordinating the humanitarian efforts. Aid groups complained dignitaries visiting to look at the devastation have choked the tiny main airport in Banda Aceh and hampered distribution of relief supplies. The airport was temporarily shut for the visits of Annan and U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell, for example.

"It slows things down," said Maj. Murad Khan, a spokesman for Pakistan's Tsunami Relief Task Force.

Annan toured a Sri Lankan town where hundreds of shoppers at an outdoor market were swept to their deaths. He reluctantly agreed to a government request to bypass stricken areas controlled by Tamil Tiger rebels.

The Tigers, who have fought a 20-year war for Tamil independence from the Sinhalese-dominated south, invited Annan to tour the northern province. But government officials said they could not guarantee Annan's safety.

"I'm concerned about everyone with need in the humanitarian situation," Annan said.

"But I'm also a guest of the government and we'll go where we agreed we'll go."

With volunteers and rescue workers reaching more remote areas, still more dead were found. Indonesian authorities raised their death toll estimate by nearly 3,000 to more than 100,000 and braced for tens of thousands more homeless than at first expected.

Sri Lanka, by contrast, closed scores of refugee camps as people began drifting back to their damaged homes. With 38 more confirmed deaths, the country's death toll stood at 30,718.

World governments, led by Australia and Germany, have pledged nearly $4 billion US in aid - the biggest relief package ever.

The World Bank said it will consider significantly boosting its aid, perhaps to as much as $1.5 billion. It has already pledged $175 million in assistance to the 11 countries in Asia and Africa hit by the Dec. 26 disaster but bank President James Wolfensohn said he is flexible on the amount.

"We can go up to even $1 billion to $1.5 billion, depending on the needs...our immediate focus is to provide relief to the affected people," he told a news conference at the end of a one-day visit to Sri Lanka.

The tsunami battered Sri Lanka's southern and eastern coastlines, causing heavy damage to houses, hotels and commercial buildings and devastating the country's fishing industry.

The Sri Lankan government estimates it will need between $1.3 billion and $1.5 billion to rebuild.

Survivors in Indonesia struggled to put their lives back together, some straggling across debris-strewn countryside to reach larger towns - only to find those regional centres also flattened.

The relief effort is building quickly in Calang, 90 kilometres southeast of Banda Aceh, where the 1,000 survivors have been joined by 6,000 refugees even though only foundations of homes remain.

At the bustling market in the Lambaro section, women haggled over costs of chilies, bananas, chickens and goats. Barbers set up shop and old men sipped coffee at outdoor cafes.

But business was bad for fish traders, since many buyers were queasy because of the bodies washed out to sea.

"Business is down 50 per cent," said one seller, wiping the flies off five fat tunas.

"People fear the fish are feeding on the human remains."

There were candles, prayers and calls for solidarity as families of victims of the Asian tsunami joined Prime Minister Paul Martin and hundreds of other mourners Saturday in Ottawa to commemorate a "tragedy of a million griefs."

Buddhist chants mixed with Bach string sonatas as religious leaders from nearly a dozen faiths gathered on stage at the cavernous Ottawa Civic Centre for a national memorial service.

Five Canadians are officially listed as dead but 146 remain missing and the death toll is expected to rise.

© The Canadian Press, 2005

 

Daytime is now 2.68 microseconds shorter because of last month's tsunami.

The massive force unleashed by an earthquake off the coast of Indonesia altered the shape of Earth in a number of minute yet significant ways, NASA scientists have determined.

In data released this week, NASA determined that the Dec. 26 earthquake moved the North Pole, which constantly jiggles slightly, 2.5 centimeters--about an inch--in an eastward shift that is part of a long-term seismic shift.

Earth also became slightly more round, as the planet's oblateness, the quality of being flattish on top and bulging at the equator, decreased by a small amount. Further, daytime decreased by 2.68 microseconds because Earth now spins slightly faster on its axis. The phenomenon is similar to a figure skater in a twirl pulling his or her arms in slightly closer.

All earthquakes affect the shape of the planet, but the force of the recent tsunami-inducing quake--the fourth-largest recorded in 100 years--was particularly strong. Benjamin Chao of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center compared the impact of the quake to the potential impact of the Three Gorges Dam project in China.

If filled, the massive gorge created by the dam would hold 40 cubic kilometers (10 trillion gallons) of water. That shift of mass would increase the length of a day by only 0.06 microseconds and make the Earth only very slightly more round in the middle and flat on the top. It would shift the pole position by about two centimeters (0.8 inches).

"Any worldly event that involves the movement of mass affects the Earth's rotation, from seasonal weather down to driving a car," Chao said in a statement

Tsunami Toll Tops 175,000, New Threat Warning
 
Mon Jan 17,10:03 AM ET

By Simon Gardner

GALLE, Sri Lanka (Reuters) - Asia's tsunami death toll soared past 175,000 Monday as Sri Lanka confirmed thousands more dead, while fears re-emerged over the safety of aid workers in Indonesia's shattered Aceh province.
Slideshow: Asian Tsunami Disaster


Latest Headlines:
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Special Coverage


 

Denmark said it had information "imminent" terror attacks were planned against aid workers in Aceh, where U.S. and other foreign troops have joined relief teams clearing rubble from the Dec. 26 disaster which killed 115,000 in that province alone.

"We have received information from sources abroad that somebody would be planning an attack today," Danish Foreign Ministry official Niels Erik Andersen told Danish radio.

Indonesia's foreign minister dismissed the report as "unfounded rumor." But it reignited fears that aid workers might become political targets in Indonesia, which has seen both a separatist rebellion in Aceh and deadly bomb attacks targeting Westerners blamed on an Islamic group linked to al Qaeda.

U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz urged political opponents in both Indonesia and Sri Lanka -- facing a separatist rebellion of its own -- to put aside their differences and concentrate on relief work.

"Hopefully they will realize on all sides that the stakes that they are fighting for are relatively trivial," he said on arriving in Sri Lanka.

Sri Lankan officials said another 7,275 people were now known to have died in the Dec. 26 catastrophe, taking the national total to 38,195. The jump was not due to the sudden discovery of more bodies, but rather a backlog of figures from remote areas.

In a quick visit to a small village near Galle, in southern Sri Lanka, Wolfowitz clambered over rubble to reach a group of women waiting outside an elementary school.

"We are very sorry about what happened. The whole world wants to help you, my country especially," said Wolfowitz, who is touring the countries worst hit by the Indian Ocean tsunami.

Sri Lanka announced a reconstruction drive to build 15 new towns on its southern and eastern coasts. The government will help people rebuild in safe areas, or simply construct new towns.

"We were not prepared at all ... to face a disaster like this," said President Chandrika Kumaratunga. "The people of this country faced it effectively, they are in a position to rebuild."

Some Sri Lankans were already rebuilding, defying a government ban to put up houses and hotels close to the shore.

"I'm worried about my family but I'm also worried about the future of my children. This is my business. How else will I protect and feed my children?" said Ranjith Premakumara, 28, rebuilding a guest house just 30 meters (yards) from the beach in the southern town of Paiyagala South.

HOPE FOR ACEH

Relief work rumbled on in Indonesia's Aceh, and one senior international aid official said the province was rebounding so well from the disaster that emergency assistance could wind up fairly quickly.

"I think we are fortunate that things are not as bad as we feared," said Patrick Webb, chief of nutrition at the United Nations (news - web sites)' World Food Program (WFP).

"Malnutrition is not widespread. Diseases are not rampant yet," he said in the Acehnese capital, Banda Aceh.

"They are fortunate that there has been this massive response, which will make recovering a lot faster than it ever has got a chance of in Darfur for example, or Afghanistan."

In Banda Aceh, monsoon rains flooded tsunami-scarred streets as overloaded drainage ditches ceased working. While the half of the city that took the worst damage from the wave remains largely closed, shopkeepers who did open reported good business.

"Even if it happens again, it's just fate. We'll face it. All of our customers were happy to see us open," said Shugino, 49, sitting on a plastic chair in front of his restaurant.

Jakarta officials promised to overhaul the country's relief program amid fears mismanagement and corruption might divert some of the aid dollars pledged by donors around the world.

Information Minister Sofyan Djalil said the reorganization would include a "credible" oversight scheme to monitor the huge sums earmarked for Indonesia, long ranked as one of the most corrupt countries in the world.

Indonesia is expected to receive the bulk of more than $7 billion from governments, corporations and individuals pledged for tsunami aid.

BODIES AND GRIEF

For many of those affected, however, the tsunami remained a story of bodies and grief.

In Thailand, Prime Minister Goran Persson of Sweden -- which lost hundreds of people -- visited a Buddhist temple turned mortuary with his Norwegian and Finnish counterparts, Kjell Magne Bondevik and Matti Vanhanen.

"I'm impressed and I'm also extremely humbled because they're doing a very difficult job here under difficult circumstances," Persson said.

The temple houses hundreds of corpses from nearby Khao Lak resort which forensics experts are trying to identify, a crucial step for families left without a body to grieve over.

Thailand saw more than 5,300 people killed in the tsunami, half of them foreign tourists, and tens of thousands of bodies around the region may never be recovered.

In Europe, families struggled in legal limbo as they seek to unlock bank accounts, release assets and ensure life insurance is paid for those lost in the disaster.

Carina Fabretat, who works with Swedes affected by the tsunami, said official death registration was important even for people who had accepted that their loved ones were gone.

"They need to end it by getting a death certificate," she said. "Until they have a name on a piece of paper they still have hopes."


http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&cid=564&e=1&u=/nm/quake_dc

Global Tsunami Death Toll Tops 226,000

 - Reuters

By Jerry Norton and Dean Yates

BANDA ACEH, Indonesia (Reuters) - The global death toll from the Asian tsunami shot above 226,000 Wednesday after Indonesia's Health Ministry confirmed the deaths of tens of thousands of people previously listed as
missing.

The ministry raised the country's death toll to 166,320. It had previously given a figure of 95,450 while Indonesia's Ministry of Social Affairs had put the death toll at around 115,000 before it stopped counting. 

Dodi Indrasanto, a director at the health ministry's department of health affairs, said the new death total reflected the latest reports from the provinces of Aceh and North Sumatra, which were directly in the path of the killer tsunami spawned by a magnitude 9 earthquake the day after Christmas. 

The new figure lifted the total global death toll from the tsunami disaster to 226,566, although the number continues to rise as more deaths are reported around the region.

Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, speaking before the health ministry released its latest figures, told a donors conference in Jakarta that the true extent of the catastrophe defied description. "Perhaps we will never know the exact scale of the human casualties," he said.

Indrasanto said the health ministry report, which had just 6,245 people still listed as missing, had been sent to Yudhoyono late Wednesday. The ministry's figures said 617,159 people were still homeless in northern Sumatra more than three weeks after the killer wave struck.

INDONESIA OFFERS TALKS

The staggering death count came as Indonesia said it was hopeful of holding talks with rebels in Aceh, where the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) has waged a bloody, three-decade long battle for independence from Jakarta's rule.

Security fears prompted by the GAM conflict have been a worrying backdrop to the massive international relief effort in Aceh, where huge stretches of coastline were laid waste by the earthquake and tsunami that followed. "Behind the cloud there must be a silver lining. Behind the scenes, a process is happening toward reconciliation," Foreign Minister Hassan Wirajuda said.

Wirajuda said he hoped the talks would take place by the end of the month, but he could give neither a date nor a place. A spokesman for GAM's exiled leadership in Sweden said there had been no progress on talks. "We haven't had any concrete response from the Indonesian side," said Bakhtiar Abdullah.

A U.N. official in Meulaboh, the province's second city, said emergency aid drops would have to be sharply increased in order to avoid hunger in outlying areas.

GAM's leaders have repeatedly welcomed relief efforts spearheaded by the United Nations (news - web sites) and the rebels have said they would not attack aid workers or convoys.

A DEFINING MOMENT

Political concerns have also plagued relief efforts in Sri Lanka, where the Tamil-rebel controlled northeast is waiting to see if it will get a piece of the government's $3.5 billion tsunami reconstruction program. "The tsunami didn't wash away political divisions. In fact it may have made them worse," said Jehan Perera, director of the National Peace Council in Sri Lanka.

"What we have here is a moment that will define the peace process and politics for years."

Most of those swept up in the tsunami disaster -- which ripped coastal areas of Indian Ocean nations as far away as Africa and left more than 1.5 million people homeless around the region -- had far more pressing concerns.

Across Aceh's ravaged west coast, survivors were few and many villages were virtual ghost towns. In others, a mosque was the only building left standing.

In the province's second city Meulaboh, almost sliced in half by the killer wave, mountains of rubble smoldered and electricity was intermittent. But some shops and markets were busy, and food appeared to be available. Daniel Augstburger, head of United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in the coastal city of Meulaboh, said not enough help was reaching people outside of major urban areas.

"The French are starting to move food, of course the Americans....are moving food out, but this has to increase ten-fold, I would say," Augstburger told Reuters, adding that tsunami victims also needed items such as clothes and
cooking utensils.

In Sri Lanka, residents of a tsunami-ravaged town packed up and left --  ready to re-establish their community 1.5 km (about one mile) inland as a precaution against any other surprises from the sea. "This will give our people a better future, a safer future," said fisherman M.J. Raseek, a resident of Hambantota who planned to follow his town away
from the coast.

The International Monetary Fund (news - web sites) said it hoped to approve Sri Lanka's emergency request for up to $160 million in assistance, while Indonesian officials told donors that the tsunami would likely cost the country around $4.5 billion.

Governments, aid groups, individuals, corporations and international agencies have pledged more than $7 billion in aid to Asia's tsunami victims. But donors have to date promised just $739 million of the $977 million the U.N. system says is needed in emergency aid to meet the basic needs of victims over the next six months, according to Kevin Kennedy, a senior official of the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
 
 
 

DISASTER DREAMS - THRU 2002

DISASTER DREAMS - 2003-2004

ALASKAN EARTHQUAKES
... It hit at 1:13 pm Alaska Standard Time, said Bruce Turner of Alaska and Tsunami Warning Center. ... It did not generate a tsunami, he said. ...
www.greatdreams.com/alaska.htm -

Japan Earthquake - 5-26-2003
... Damage was limited and there was no tsunami, or giant wave, because the quake's focus, 12 miles off the east coast, was deep at 44 miles below the surface. ...
www.greatdreams.com/japan-quake-52603.htm -

EARTHQUAKE - HOKKAIDO, JAPAN
... Fear of "tsunami's " continue. ... Tsunami Warnings: A regional tsunami was observed at the following sites: 1) Hanasaki, Japan @ 7.0 feet. ...
www.greatdreams.com/hokkaido.htm -

1964 and PATTERNS - DREAMS
... It caused millions of dollars in damage as the quake not only damaged buildings and land, but it caused a huge tsunami which came back in and slammed every ...
www.greatdreams.com/1964-patterns.htm -

EARTH CHANGES
... West Coast & Alaska Tsunami Warning Center: http://wcatwc.gov. Institutions in the inter-mountain US. ... TSUNAMI RESEARCH PROGRAM. CNN WEATHER. WEATHER ANOMALY PAGE ...
www.greatdreams.com/earth.htm -

THE MEXICO EARTHQUAKE - 9-30-99
... ``A bulletin has been issued that the tsunami warning has been lifted,'' said Delores Clark, a spokeswoman from the NWS in Hawaii. ...
www.greatdreams.com/mexico.htm -

DREAMS OF FLOODS, HURRICANES, TORNADOES, AND OTHER NATURAL ...
... Two Dreams of Florida's Destruction by Asteroid/Tsunami. ... It supports my April dream of an asteroid/meteor-related tsunami that destroys a part of Florida. ...
www.greatdreams.com/disaster.htm

GREATDREAMS - EARTHQUAKE NEWS
... subducting plate. The resulting vertical fault will generate a tsunami - much as a wave machine in a swimming pool will generate one. The ...
www.greatdreams.com/gdquakes.htm

POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS NEAR EARTH OBJECTS COMING TO YOUR ...

... et al (2000). Chile caused a tsunami in Japan, some 17,000 kilometres away, that killed at least 114 people. The maximum height ...
www.greatdreams.com/near.htm

INCOMING ASTEROIDS AND OTHER PLANETARY OBJECTS
... Could a direct hit destroy an entire city? Would an ocean impact create a massive tsunami capable of deluging adjacent coast lines? ...
www.greatdreams.com/1950DA.htm -

DREAMS OF WATER
... I ask myself. Then a dream within a dream of a Tsunami - a most awesome wall of water coming up on the land and covering all up to our house. ...
www.greatdreams.com/water.htm -

DARWINISM VS CREATIONISM
... The mounting support for Darwinism crested in a tsunami of doubt—and even ridicule—that crashed down on Creationists everywhere, sweeping them from the ...
www.greatdreams.com/essay.htm -

THE FLOOD - AN END TIME PROPHECY
... The message: "Tsunami hazard zone. ... Tsunami is the Japanese name for renegade sea waves up to 100 feet high that are generated by earthquakes or landslides. ...
www.greatdreams.com/end_time_flood.htm -

Getting Ready for Impact with 1998 OX4? - Now also 2001PM9
... in 2006, this might mean England expects to lose about 70-75,000 people - so that might put the strike a good distance away in the Atlantic (tsunami producing ...
www.greatdreams.com/1998ox4.htm -

COMETS COMING
... They typically treat such impacts as if they were the same as impacts on land - other than that they depict the creation of a tsunami wave. ...
www.greatdreams.com/comets-incoming.htm -

EARTHQUAKE - TAIPEI, TAIWAN - 9-20-99
... The US Geological Survey's National Earthquake Information Center said the quake prompted tsunami warnings for Taiwan, Japan, the Philippines, Yap, Guam, and ...
www.greatdreams.com/taipei.htm -

WATER QUALITY IN THE UNITED STATES
... www.greatdreams.com/solar/phases.htm. GREATDREAMS - EARTHQUAKE NEWS ... warning of a tsunami is that there is a rush of water away from ... ...
www.greatdreams.com/water-quality.htm -

COINCIDENCES ON THE TOPIC OF WATER - 6-30-2001
... being sucked out further and the voice said again, "Rue the tides" and I knew that there was going to be a big earthquake that would make a huge Tsunami come in ...
www.greatdreams.com/coincidence/water_coincidences.htm -

Seattle Earthquake - Feb. 28, 2001
... at approximately 10:55 am and centered about 35 miles southwest of Seattle, according to federal officials at the West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center ...
www.greatdreams.com/seattle.htm

POLAR AXIS SPIN - The Current Location Of The Spin Axis
... as Hawaii. March 1964: The Good Friday earthquake and tsunami of March 27 devastated Anchorage and the surrounding region. At M9 ...
www.greatdreams.com/spinaxis.htm -

TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE - JUNE 21, 2001 - THE EARTHQUAKE CONNECTION
... onto her. Regional governor Sonia Castillo said ``there are no indications'' that a tsunami may occur after the earthquake. Peru ...
www.greatdreams.com/june21_2001.htm -

WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF THE ELECTRICITY WENT OFF?
... Some 41,000 people in Hokkaido evacuated their homes on the advice of local authorities after tsunami warnings were issued, according to the Fire and Disaster ...
www.greatdreams.com/blackout.htm

DREAMS OF THE GREAT EARTHCHANGES - MAIN INDEX